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Rabbit Liver Lobes: An Anatomical Study of Experimental Surgical Approaches

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 103 - 108, 27.07.2020
https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.760679

Öz

A number of animal models have been developed for experimental liver surgery protocols such as lobectomy, ischemia and reperfusion studies, organ injuries, and drug trials. Though, some morphometric studies describe the liver lobes in rats and mice, such anatomical information is not sufficiently available in rabbits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical approaches for experimental liver resection in the rabbit, and to examine the proportional distribution of each lobe conforming to the whole organ, and to schematize the macroanatomical properties of each lobe.For this purpose, the liver lobes were dissected according to anatomical references. The volumes and weights of the whole organ and the individual lobes were measured. The percentages of the liver lobes were calculated according to the weight and volume of the total liver.The interlobar notch, especially between the medial and lateral parts of the left lobe was more prominent than that between the quadrate and the right lobe. The proportion of the left lateral and medial lobe was 27%, and 24% relative to the total liver weight, similarly, the right lobe, quadrate lobe and the caudate lobe was 19%, 7% and 23%, respectively. The volumetric ratios of liver lobes were also found close to the mass ratios.In conclusion, anatomical information from this study can be used as a reference in performing various experimental surgical studies on the rabbit liver.

Kaynakça

  • Abdalla EK, Denys A, Chevalier P, Nemr RA, Vauthey JN. Total and segmental liver volume variations: Implications for liver surgery. Surgery 2001; 135(4): 404-10.
  • Alheani WA, Al-Kennany ER. Partial hepatectomy achievement by new device in rabbits model. QJVMS 2013; 12(1): 1-14.
  • Aller MA, Mendez M, Nava MP, Lopez L, Arias JLA, Arias J. The value of microsurgery in liver research. Liver International 2009a; 29(8): 1132-40.
  • Aller MA, Lorente L, Prieto I, Moquillaza LM, Arias J. Hepatectomies in the rat: A look at the caudate process through microsurgery. Dig Liver Dis 2009b; 41(10): 695-9.
  • Bélanger M, Butterworth RF. Acute liver failure: A critical appraisal of available animal models. Metab Brain Dis 2005; 20(4): 409-23.
  • Dahm F, Georgiev P, Clavien PA. Small-for-size syndrome after partial liver transplantation: Definition, mechanisms of disease and clinical implications. Am J Transplant 2005; 5(11): 2605-10.
  • Dupre A, Paradisi A, Langonnet S, Gandini A, Mehlen P, Rivoire M. Bevacizumab ımpairs hepatocyte proliferation after partial hepatectomy in a rabbit model. Anticancer Res 32: 5193-200.
  • Ellis H, 2011: Anatomy of the liver. Surgery 2012; 29(12): 589-92.
  • Graaf W, Esschert J W, Lienden K P, Roelofs JJTH, Gulik TM. A rabbit model for selective portal vein embolization. J Surg Res 2011; 171(2): 486-94.
  • Huisman F, van Lienden K P, Damude S, Hoekstra L T, van Gulik T M. A review of animal models for portal vein embolization. J Surg Res 2014; 191(1): 179-88.
  • Kogure K, Ishizaki M, Nemoto M, Kuwano H, Makuuchi M. A comparative study of the anatomy of rat and human livers. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 1999; 6(2): 171-5.
  • König HE, Liebich HG. Digestive System, Eds: König H.E and Liebich H-G. Schattauer, In: “Veterinary Anatomy of Domestic Mammals”. 3rd edition, Germany 2007; pp:356-64.
  • Kubota T, Takabe K, Yang M, Sekido H, Endo I, Ichikawa Y, Shimada H. Minimum sizes for remnant and transplanted livers in rats. J Hep Bil Pancr Surg, 1997; 49 (1Suppl): 81-8.
  • Leelaudomlipi S, Sugawara Y, Kaneko J, Matsui Y, Ohkubo T, Makuuchi M. Volumetric analysis of liver segments in 155 living donors. Liver Transp 2002; 8(7): 612-4.
  • Liao M, Zhang T, Wang H, Liu Y, Lu M, Huang J, Zeng Y. Rabbit model provides new insights in liver regeneration after transection with portal vein ligation. J Surg Res 2017; 209: 242-51.
  • Madrahimov N, Dirsch O, Broelsch C, Dahmen U. Marginal hepatectomy in the rat: From anatomy to surgery. Ann Surg 2006; 244(1): 89-98.
  • Martins PNA, Theruvath TP, Neuhaus P. Rodent models of partial hepatectomies. Liver Int 2007; 28(1): 3-11.
  • Mise Y, Satou S, Shindoh J, Conrad C, Aoki T, Hasegawa K, Sugawara Y, Kokudo N. Three-dimensional volumetry in 107 normal livers reveals clinically relevant inter-segment variation in size. HPB 2014; 16(5): 439-47.
  • Nevzorova YA, Tolba R, Trautwein C, Liedtke C. Partial hepatectomy in mice. Lab Anim 2015; 49 (51): 81-8.
  • Olthof P B, Heger M, van Lienden K P, de Bruin K, Bennink R J, van Gulik T M. Comparable liver function and volume increase after portal vein embolization in rabbits and humans. Surgery 2017; 161(3): 658-65.
  • Palmes D, Spiegel H U. Animal models of liver regeneration. Biomaterials 2004; 25(9): 1601-11.
  • Páramo M, García-Barquin P, Santa María E, Madrid J M, Caballeros M, Benito A, Sangro B, Inarrairaegui M, Bilbao JI. Evaluation of the rabbit liver by direct portography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography: anatomical variations of the portal system and hepatic volume quantification. Eur Radiol Exp 2017; 1(1):1- 7.
  • Qi YY, Zou LG, Liang P, Zhang D. Establishing models of portal vein occlusion and evaluating value of multi-slice CT in hepatic VX2 tumor in rabbits. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13(24): 3333-41.
  • Rahman MT, Hodgson HJF. Animal models of acute hepatic failure. Int J Exp Pathol 2000; 81(2): 145-57.
  • Rogers AB, Dintzis RZ. Hepatobiliary System/ part13. Eds: Treuting P M, Dintzis S M, Montine K S, In: Comparative Anatomy And Histology: A Mouse, Rat, And Human Atlas, Second Edition. London: Elsevier, 2018; pp:229-39.
  • Stamatova-Yovcheva K, Dimitrov R, Dilek ÖG. radiographic study of the topography of the hepatic vasculature and bile ducts of the rabbit. Bulg J Agric Sci 2018; 24(3): 497-502.
  • Stamatova-Yovcheva K, Dimitrov R, Kostov D, Yovchev D. Anatomical macromorphological features of the liver in domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). TJS 2012; 10(2): 85–90.
  • Stan FG. Comparative Study of the liver anatomy in the rat, rabbit, guinea pig and chichilla. Bulletin UASVM 2018; 75(1): 33-40.
  • Strasberg SM, Belghiti J, Clavien PA, Gadzijev E, GArden JO, Lau WY, Makuuchi M, Strong RW. The brisbane 2000 system terminology of liver anatomy and resection. HPB 2000; 2(3):333-9.
  • Strasberg SM. Terminology of Liver Anatomy and Resections: The brisbane 2000 terminology. Clavien PA, Sarr MG, Fong Y, Miyazaki M. eds. In: Atlas of Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary. Berlin: SurgerySpringer, Heidelberg, 2016.
  • Tam AL, Melancon MP, Ensor J, Liu Y, Dixon K, McWatters A, Gupta S. Rabbit hepatic arterial anatomy variations: implications on experimental design. Acta Radiol 2014; 55(10): 1226-33.
  • Tedde M L, Brito F, Almeida E De, Ribeiro D, Filho P, Gossot D. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in swine : An animal model for thoracoscopic lobectomy training. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2015; 21(2): 224-30.
  • Teh SH, Hunter JG, Sheppard B C. A suitable animal model for laparoscopic hepatic resection training. Surg Endosc 2007; 21(10): 1738-44.
  • Torre M De, Gonzalez-Rivas D, Fernández-Prado R, Delgado M, Fieira EM, Centeno A. Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy in the animal model. Thorac Dis 2014; 6: 656-9.
  • Tucker O N, Heaton N. The ‘small for size’ liver syndrome. Curr Opin Crit Care 2005; 11(2): 150-5.
  • Tuñón MJ, Alvarez M, Culebras JM, González-Gallego J. An overview of animal models for investigating the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies in acute hepatic failure. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15(25): 3086-98.
  • Tüzün S, Çakır M, Savaş O A, Tatar C. Hepatocellular carcinoma-liver resections. Haseki Tıp Bülteni 2015; 53(1): 1-9.
  • Urayama M, Ishiyama S, Kuzumaki T, Ishikawa K, Fuse A, Kuzu H, Igarashi Y, Suto K, Tsukamoto M. Change of liver function in hypertrophying lobe of rabbit liver after portal branch ligation. J Surg Res 1999; 86(1): 55-61.
  • Van Den Esschert J W, Van Lienden K P, Alles L K, Van Wijk A C, Heger M, Roelofs JJ, Van Gulik T M. Liver regeneration after portal vein embolization using absorbable and permanent embolization materials in a rabbit model. Ann Surg 2012; 255(2): 311-8.

Tavşan Karaciğer Lobları: Deneysel Cerrahi Yaklaşımlarına İlişkin Anatomik Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 103 - 108, 27.07.2020
https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.760679

Öz

Lobektomi, iskemi ve reperfüzyon çalışmaları, organ yaralanmaları, ilaç denemeleri gibi deneysel karaciğer cerrahisi protokolleri için farklı hayvan modelleri geliştirilmiştir. Rat ve farelerde karaciğer loblarını tanımlayan bazı morfometrik çalışmalar olmasına rağmen, bu anatomik bilgiler tavşanlarda yeterli değildir. Bu bilgiler ışığında, bu çalışmanın amacı bir deney hayvan olan tavşanlarda karaciğer rezeksiyonuna anatomik yaklaşımı ve her bir lobun tüm organa göre dağılım oranlarını değerlendirmek ve makroanatomik şemayı oluşturmaktır. Bu amaçla karaciğerlerde loblar anatomik referanslara göre diseke edilmiş. Tüm karaciğer ve daha sonra her bir lobun tek tek ağırlıkları ve hacimleri ölçülmüştür. Karaciğerin loblarının, total karaciğerin ağırlığına ve hacmine göre yüzde değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmada karaciğer lobları arasında bulunan incisura interlobaris, özellikle sol lobun medial ve lateral bölümleri arasında çok belirgin olduğu ve aynı zamanda bu lobların birbirinden tamamen ayrı iki lob olarak görüldüğü dikkati çekti. Ayrıca toplam karaciğer ağırlığına göre, sol lateral lobun oranı yaklaşık % 27, sol medial lob % 24, sağ lob % 19, kuadrat lob % 7 ve kaudat lob % 23 olarak bulundu. Hacim ölçümlerine göre lob oranları, kütle oranlarına yakın değerlere sahip olduğu bulundu. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada; deneysel çalışmalarda kullanılmak üzere karaciğer rezeksiyonları başta olmak üzere çeşitli deneysel çalışmalarda operasyona referans olabilecek anatomik bilgi ile organın loblanmasının oransal verileri sunulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Abdalla EK, Denys A, Chevalier P, Nemr RA, Vauthey JN. Total and segmental liver volume variations: Implications for liver surgery. Surgery 2001; 135(4): 404-10.
  • Alheani WA, Al-Kennany ER. Partial hepatectomy achievement by new device in rabbits model. QJVMS 2013; 12(1): 1-14.
  • Aller MA, Mendez M, Nava MP, Lopez L, Arias JLA, Arias J. The value of microsurgery in liver research. Liver International 2009a; 29(8): 1132-40.
  • Aller MA, Lorente L, Prieto I, Moquillaza LM, Arias J. Hepatectomies in the rat: A look at the caudate process through microsurgery. Dig Liver Dis 2009b; 41(10): 695-9.
  • Bélanger M, Butterworth RF. Acute liver failure: A critical appraisal of available animal models. Metab Brain Dis 2005; 20(4): 409-23.
  • Dahm F, Georgiev P, Clavien PA. Small-for-size syndrome after partial liver transplantation: Definition, mechanisms of disease and clinical implications. Am J Transplant 2005; 5(11): 2605-10.
  • Dupre A, Paradisi A, Langonnet S, Gandini A, Mehlen P, Rivoire M. Bevacizumab ımpairs hepatocyte proliferation after partial hepatectomy in a rabbit model. Anticancer Res 32: 5193-200.
  • Ellis H, 2011: Anatomy of the liver. Surgery 2012; 29(12): 589-92.
  • Graaf W, Esschert J W, Lienden K P, Roelofs JJTH, Gulik TM. A rabbit model for selective portal vein embolization. J Surg Res 2011; 171(2): 486-94.
  • Huisman F, van Lienden K P, Damude S, Hoekstra L T, van Gulik T M. A review of animal models for portal vein embolization. J Surg Res 2014; 191(1): 179-88.
  • Kogure K, Ishizaki M, Nemoto M, Kuwano H, Makuuchi M. A comparative study of the anatomy of rat and human livers. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 1999; 6(2): 171-5.
  • König HE, Liebich HG. Digestive System, Eds: König H.E and Liebich H-G. Schattauer, In: “Veterinary Anatomy of Domestic Mammals”. 3rd edition, Germany 2007; pp:356-64.
  • Kubota T, Takabe K, Yang M, Sekido H, Endo I, Ichikawa Y, Shimada H. Minimum sizes for remnant and transplanted livers in rats. J Hep Bil Pancr Surg, 1997; 49 (1Suppl): 81-8.
  • Leelaudomlipi S, Sugawara Y, Kaneko J, Matsui Y, Ohkubo T, Makuuchi M. Volumetric analysis of liver segments in 155 living donors. Liver Transp 2002; 8(7): 612-4.
  • Liao M, Zhang T, Wang H, Liu Y, Lu M, Huang J, Zeng Y. Rabbit model provides new insights in liver regeneration after transection with portal vein ligation. J Surg Res 2017; 209: 242-51.
  • Madrahimov N, Dirsch O, Broelsch C, Dahmen U. Marginal hepatectomy in the rat: From anatomy to surgery. Ann Surg 2006; 244(1): 89-98.
  • Martins PNA, Theruvath TP, Neuhaus P. Rodent models of partial hepatectomies. Liver Int 2007; 28(1): 3-11.
  • Mise Y, Satou S, Shindoh J, Conrad C, Aoki T, Hasegawa K, Sugawara Y, Kokudo N. Three-dimensional volumetry in 107 normal livers reveals clinically relevant inter-segment variation in size. HPB 2014; 16(5): 439-47.
  • Nevzorova YA, Tolba R, Trautwein C, Liedtke C. Partial hepatectomy in mice. Lab Anim 2015; 49 (51): 81-8.
  • Olthof P B, Heger M, van Lienden K P, de Bruin K, Bennink R J, van Gulik T M. Comparable liver function and volume increase after portal vein embolization in rabbits and humans. Surgery 2017; 161(3): 658-65.
  • Palmes D, Spiegel H U. Animal models of liver regeneration. Biomaterials 2004; 25(9): 1601-11.
  • Páramo M, García-Barquin P, Santa María E, Madrid J M, Caballeros M, Benito A, Sangro B, Inarrairaegui M, Bilbao JI. Evaluation of the rabbit liver by direct portography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography: anatomical variations of the portal system and hepatic volume quantification. Eur Radiol Exp 2017; 1(1):1- 7.
  • Qi YY, Zou LG, Liang P, Zhang D. Establishing models of portal vein occlusion and evaluating value of multi-slice CT in hepatic VX2 tumor in rabbits. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13(24): 3333-41.
  • Rahman MT, Hodgson HJF. Animal models of acute hepatic failure. Int J Exp Pathol 2000; 81(2): 145-57.
  • Rogers AB, Dintzis RZ. Hepatobiliary System/ part13. Eds: Treuting P M, Dintzis S M, Montine K S, In: Comparative Anatomy And Histology: A Mouse, Rat, And Human Atlas, Second Edition. London: Elsevier, 2018; pp:229-39.
  • Stamatova-Yovcheva K, Dimitrov R, Dilek ÖG. radiographic study of the topography of the hepatic vasculature and bile ducts of the rabbit. Bulg J Agric Sci 2018; 24(3): 497-502.
  • Stamatova-Yovcheva K, Dimitrov R, Kostov D, Yovchev D. Anatomical macromorphological features of the liver in domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). TJS 2012; 10(2): 85–90.
  • Stan FG. Comparative Study of the liver anatomy in the rat, rabbit, guinea pig and chichilla. Bulletin UASVM 2018; 75(1): 33-40.
  • Strasberg SM, Belghiti J, Clavien PA, Gadzijev E, GArden JO, Lau WY, Makuuchi M, Strong RW. The brisbane 2000 system terminology of liver anatomy and resection. HPB 2000; 2(3):333-9.
  • Strasberg SM. Terminology of Liver Anatomy and Resections: The brisbane 2000 terminology. Clavien PA, Sarr MG, Fong Y, Miyazaki M. eds. In: Atlas of Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary. Berlin: SurgerySpringer, Heidelberg, 2016.
  • Tam AL, Melancon MP, Ensor J, Liu Y, Dixon K, McWatters A, Gupta S. Rabbit hepatic arterial anatomy variations: implications on experimental design. Acta Radiol 2014; 55(10): 1226-33.
  • Tedde M L, Brito F, Almeida E De, Ribeiro D, Filho P, Gossot D. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in swine : An animal model for thoracoscopic lobectomy training. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2015; 21(2): 224-30.
  • Teh SH, Hunter JG, Sheppard B C. A suitable animal model for laparoscopic hepatic resection training. Surg Endosc 2007; 21(10): 1738-44.
  • Torre M De, Gonzalez-Rivas D, Fernández-Prado R, Delgado M, Fieira EM, Centeno A. Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy in the animal model. Thorac Dis 2014; 6: 656-9.
  • Tucker O N, Heaton N. The ‘small for size’ liver syndrome. Curr Opin Crit Care 2005; 11(2): 150-5.
  • Tuñón MJ, Alvarez M, Culebras JM, González-Gallego J. An overview of animal models for investigating the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies in acute hepatic failure. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15(25): 3086-98.
  • Tüzün S, Çakır M, Savaş O A, Tatar C. Hepatocellular carcinoma-liver resections. Haseki Tıp Bülteni 2015; 53(1): 1-9.
  • Urayama M, Ishiyama S, Kuzumaki T, Ishikawa K, Fuse A, Kuzu H, Igarashi Y, Suto K, Tsukamoto M. Change of liver function in hypertrophying lobe of rabbit liver after portal branch ligation. J Surg Res 1999; 86(1): 55-61.
  • Van Den Esschert J W, Van Lienden K P, Alles L K, Van Wijk A C, Heger M, Roelofs JJ, Van Gulik T M. Liver regeneration after portal vein embolization using absorbable and permanent embolization materials in a rabbit model. Ann Surg 2012; 255(2): 311-8.
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Figen Sevıl Kılımcı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Temmuz 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Ekim 2019
Kabul Tarihi 10 Mart 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Sevıl Kılımcı, F. (2020). Rabbit Liver Lobes: An Anatomical Study of Experimental Surgical Approaches. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2), 103-108. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.760679
AMA Sevıl Kılımcı F. Rabbit Liver Lobes: An Anatomical Study of Experimental Surgical Approaches. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. Temmuz 2020;17(2):103-108. doi:10.32707/ercivet.760679
Chicago Sevıl Kılımcı, Figen. “Rabbit Liver Lobes: An Anatomical Study of Experimental Surgical Approaches”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 17, sy. 2 (Temmuz 2020): 103-8. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.760679.
EndNote Sevıl Kılımcı F (01 Temmuz 2020) Rabbit Liver Lobes: An Anatomical Study of Experimental Surgical Approaches. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 17 2 103–108.
IEEE F. Sevıl Kılımcı, “Rabbit Liver Lobes: An Anatomical Study of Experimental Surgical Approaches”, Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg, c. 17, sy. 2, ss. 103–108, 2020, doi: 10.32707/ercivet.760679.
ISNAD Sevıl Kılımcı, Figen. “Rabbit Liver Lobes: An Anatomical Study of Experimental Surgical Approaches”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 17/2 (Temmuz 2020), 103-108. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.760679.
JAMA Sevıl Kılımcı F. Rabbit Liver Lobes: An Anatomical Study of Experimental Surgical Approaches. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2020;17:103–108.
MLA Sevıl Kılımcı, Figen. “Rabbit Liver Lobes: An Anatomical Study of Experimental Surgical Approaches”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 17, sy. 2, 2020, ss. 103-8, doi:10.32707/ercivet.760679.
Vancouver Sevıl Kılımcı F. Rabbit Liver Lobes: An Anatomical Study of Experimental Surgical Approaches. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2020;17(2):103-8.