Horseshoe Adası (Antarktika Yarımadası) ve Türkiye'nin Güney Sahilinden Toplanan Umbilicaria decussata’da MBF-1, PKS ve psbA Genlerinin İfade Varyasyonları

Öz

Antarktika likenleri, çevresel değişimin göstergesi olarak bilimsel araştırmalara katkıda bulunarak bilim adamlarının iklim değişikliğinin ve insan faaliyetinin etkilerini izlemesine yardımcı olur. Liken türlerinin bu farklı habitatlara ve ekstrem koşullara adaptasyonu, genetik arka planlarındaki genlerin hızlı ekspresyonundan kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Umbilicaria decussata (Vill.) Zahlbr. liken örnekleri Antarktika Yarımadası'nın batısında yer alan Horseshoe Adası'ndan ve Türkiye'nin güney kıyısından olmak üzere iki farklı bölgeden toplandı. Örneklerin nrITS gen bölgeleri incelenmiş ve örneklerin filogenetik pozisyonlarının U. decussata olduğu doğrulanmıştır. DNA barkodlaması sonrasında, multiprotein bağlama faktörü-1 (MBF-1), poliketid sentaz (PKS) ve fotosistem II D1 proteini (psbA) genlerinin sıcaklık değişim stresine bağlı olarak ifadelerindeki meydana gelen değişiklikler qPCR ile karşılaştırmalı olarak tespiti yapılmıştır. Spesifik olarak, Horseshoe Adası'nda olduğu gibi soğuk stresi koşullarında MBF-1 geni yüksek oranda eksprese edilirken, PKS ve psbA gen ekspresyonu seviyeleri Türkiye'nin güney kıyılarına göre daha düşüktü. Farklı coğrafi bölgelerden toplanan örnekler gen ekspresyonu farklılıkları sergilemiştir. Alanında bir ilk olan bu çalışmanın sonuçları, Umbilicaria decussata örneklerinin söz konusu habitatlara ve bölgesel iklime nasıl uyum sağladığının altını çizmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antarktika
• İklim değişikliği
• Kutup Biyolojisi
• Gen ekspresyonu
• qRT-PCR

Expression Variations of MBF-1, PKS and psbA Genes in Umbilicaria decussata Collected from Horseshoe Island (Antarctic Peninsula) and the Southern Coast of Turkiye

Öz

Antarctic lichens contribute to scientific research as indicators of environmental change, helping scientists monitor the impacts of climate change and human activity. The adaptation of lichen species to these different habitats and extreme conditions is due to rapid in expressions of the genes in their genetic backgrounds. In this study, Umbilicaria decussata (Vill.) Zahlbr. lichen samples were collected with from two different regions: from the Horseshoe Island, located to the west of the Antarctic Peninsula and from the south coast of Turkiye. The nrITS gene regions of the samples were studied and the phylogenetic positions of the samples were confirmed as U. decussata. After DNA barcoding, comparative determinations of the changes in the expressions of the multiprotein binding factor-1 (MBF-1), polyketide synthase (PKS) and photosystem II D1 protein (psbA) genes due to temperature change stress were performed by a qPCR. Specifically, under cold stress conditions such as those found on the Horseshoe Island, the MBF-1 gene was highly expressed, while PKS and psbA gene expression levels were lower compared to the south coast of Turkiye. Specimen collected from different geographical regions exhibited gene expression differences. The results of this study, which is the first in its field, highlight how the adaptation of Umbilicaria decussata samples to those habitats and regional climate.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antarctica
• Climate change
• Polar biology
• Gene expression
• qRT-PCR

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