Yüzey Büyütmeli Karbon Nanotüplerin Para-aramid Kumaşların Ardışık Çekip-çıkarma Yüklemesinde Arayüz Davranışına Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışma, yerinde büyütülen karbon nanotüplerin (gCNT), para-aramid kumaşların ardışık iplik çekme yüklemesi altındaki arayüz mekanik davranışı üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. CNT ile fonksiyonelleştirilmiş (gCPO) ve işlem görmemiş (KPO) kumaşlar, ardıl tekli ve çoklu iplik (iki ve üç uçlu) çekme yükü altında karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, sürtünme etkileşimleri, yük transfer etkinliği, düzlem içi kayma davranışı ve enerji sönümleme mekanizmaları analiz edilmiştir. Kuvvet–yer değiştirme verileri kullanılarak maksimum çekme kuvveti, başlangıç ayrılma direnci ve tutunma-kayma stick–slip karakteristikleri belirlenmiş; ayrıca iplik içi kumaş kayma dayanımı ve çekme enerjisi bileşenleri hesaplanarak arayüz performansı kapsamlı biçimde değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, CNT büyümesinin sürtünme kontrollü mekanik davranışları önemli ölçüde iyileştirdiğini göstermektedir. Tek iplik çekme kuvveti yaklaşık üç kat artarken, iplik içi kayma dayanımı %200’ün üzerinde yükselmiştir. İki iplikli sistemlerde de benzer iyileşmeler gözlenmiş ve iplik kesişim bölgelerinde yük transferinin geliştiği belirlenmiştir. Ancak üç iplikli konfigürasyonlarda, baskın hasar mekanizmasında bir geçiş meydana gelmiş; artan gerilme yığılması ve termal etkiler nedeniyle filament bütünlüğündeki azalma, arayüz iyileşmelerinin bir kısmını sınırlamıştır. Tutunma-kayma analizi, CNT varlığının mikro ölçekli sürtünme etkileşimlerinin frekansını artırırken kuvvet dalgalanmalarını azalttığını ve daha kararlı bir enerji sönümleme davranışı sağladığını göstermiştir. Enerji analizleri, toplam çekme enerjisinde baskın katkının tutunma-kayma sürtünmesinden kaynaklandığını ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç olarak, CNT tabanlı nano yüzey modifikasyonu arayüz sürtünmesini, kopma direncini, kayma dayanımını ve enerji sönümleme performansını önemli ölçüde artırmaktadır. Bu yaklaşım, ileri düzey soft koruyucu balistik uygulamalar için potansiyel sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Karbon nanotüp büyütülmüş aramid lif
• Ardışık iplik çekme
• Tutunma-kayma
• İplik içi kayma
• Enerji sönümleme

Proje Numarası

FDK-2023-13113.

Influence of Surface-Grown Carbon Nanotubes on the Interfacial Behavior of Para-aramid Fabrics under Successive Pull-Out Loading

Öz

This study investigates the effect of in situ grown carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the interfacial mechanical behavior of para-aramid fabrics under successive yarn pull-out loading. CNT-functionalized (gCPO) and pristine (KPO) fabrics were comparatively examined using single- and multi-yarn (two- and three-end) pull-out configurations to evaluate frictional interactions, load transfer efficiency, in-plane shear response, and energy dissipation mechanisms. Force–displacement data were analyzed to determine maximum pull-out force, initial interlacement rupture resistance, and stick–slip characteristics, while intra-yarn shear strength and pull-out energy components were quantified to provide a comprehensive assessment of interfacial performance. The results indicate that CNT growth significantly enhances friction-controlled mechanical responses. In single-yarn configurations, pull-out force increased nearly threefold, and intra-yarn shear strength improved by over 200% compared to pristine fabrics. Similar enhancements were observed in two-yarn systems, reflecting improved load transfer at yarn crossover regions. However, in three-yarn configurations, a transition in the dominant failure mechanism was observed, where the advantages of enhanced interfacial friction were partially offset by increased stress concentration and thermally induced reductions in filament integrity. Stick–slip analysis revealed that CNT incorporation increases the frequency of micro-scale frictional interactions while reducing force fluctuation amplitudes, resulting in a more stable energy dissipation process. Energy-based evaluations further showed that stick–slip friction is the primary contributor to total pull-out energy. Overall, CNT-induced nanoscale surface modification improves interfacial friction, rupture resistance, shear strength, and energy dissipation behavior for possible advanced soft protective applications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CNT-grown aramid fiber
• Successive pull-out
• Stick-slip
• Intra-yarn shear
• Absorbed energy

Destekleyen Kurum

Erciyes University Scientific Research Unit (EUBAP)

Proje Numarası

FDK-2023-13113.

Teşekkür

This research was financially supported by a grant awarded by the Erciyes University Scientific Research Unit (EUBAP) under contract number FDK-2023-13113. The authors express their sincere gratitude for this crucial support.

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