A Hybrid Framework for Improving Sustainable Urban Mobility: Integrating Multi-Criteria Decision-Making and Maximal Covering Location Problem for Bike-Sharing System Site Selection

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 41 Sayı: 1, 346 - 369, 30.04.2025

Nimet Elmacıoğlu

Öz

Sustainable urban mobility is crucial for reducing environmental impacts and enhancing transportation efficiency. The effectiveness of Bike-Sharing Systems (BSS) largely depends on the optimal placement of stations. In this study, a data-driven framework integrating Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) and spatial optimization techniques was developed for BSS station site selection. The Integrated Determination of Objective Criteria Weights (IDOCRIW) method was employed to determine criterion weights, while the Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) method was used for evaluating alternatives. The analysis considered factors such as proximity to bicycle lanes and tram stations, population density, and traffic accident rates. To enhance result robustness, TOPSIS, ARAS, and COPRAS methods were applied, and the results were aggregated using the Borda Count method. Additionally, the Maximum Coverage Problem was utilized to optimize population coverage, with the selected three optimal station locations covering 18% of the urban population, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Scenario analyses assessed the impact of service distance thresholds on system performance, providing insights into planning flexibility. The findings highlight that integrating MCDM techniques with spatial modeling enhances the efficiency and sustainability of BSS implementations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sustainability, Urban Mobility, Bike-Sharing, Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM), Optimization

Destekleyen Kurum

YÖK 100/2000

Sürdürülebilir Kentsel Hareketliliğin İyileştirilmesi için Hibrit Bir Çerçeve: Paylaşımlı Bisiklet Sistemi İstasyon Yer Seçiminde Çok Kriterli Karar Verme ve Maksimum Kapsama Probleminin Entegrasyonu

Öz

Sürdürülebilir kentsel hareketlilik çevresel etkilerin azaltılması ve ulaşım verimliliğinin artırılması açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Paylaşımlı Bisiklet Sistemleri (BSS), istasyonların optimal konumlandırılmasına bağlı olarak etkinlik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, BSS istasyonlarının yer seçimi için Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) ve mekânsal optimizasyon teknikleri entegre edilerek veri odaklı bir çerçeve geliştirilmiştir. Kriter ağırlıklarının belirlenmesinde IDOCRIW yöntemi ile alternatiflerin değerlendirilmesinde CoCoSo yöntemini bir arada kullanılmıştır. Bisiklet yollarına, tramvay duraklarına yakınlık, nüfus yoğunluğu ve trafik kaza oranları gibi faktörler dikkate alınarak analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçların sağlamlığını artırmak amacıyla TOPSIS, ARAS ve COPRAS yöntemleri uygulanmış ve Borda Sayım yöntemiyle sonuçlar birleştirilmiştir. Ek olarak Maksimum Kapsama Problemi kullanılarak nüfus kapsama oranı optimize edilmiştir. Seçilen üç optimal istasyon konumu, kent nüfusunun %18’ini kapsayarak yöntemin etkinliğini ortaya koymuştur. Senaryo analizleri, hizmet mesafesi eşik değerlerinin sistem performansı üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirerek planlama esnekliği konusunda içgörüler sunmaktadır. Bulgular, ÇKKV teknikleri ile mekânsal modellemenin entegrasyonunun BSS'nin verimliliğini ve sürdürülebilirliğini artırdığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sürdürülebilirlik, Kentsel Hareketlilik, Paylaşımlı Bisiklet, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV), Optimizasyon

Kaynakça

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