Investigation of the Effect of TiO2 Nanotube Application On Titanium Ceramic Bond Strength

Abstract

Objective: Titanium is preferred as a framework for fix partial denture because of the corrosion resistance, light weight and biocompatibility. Surface treatments must be performed to increase the titanium-ceramic bond strength. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the TiO2 application by anodization on shear bond strength between. Material and methods: Thirty commercially pure titanium cylinder specimens (12mm diameter, 10mm height) were polished with 300, 600 and 1200 silicon carbide abrasives and divided into 3 groups according to the surface treatments. The first group is control group, second group was sandblasted with 120 μm Al2O3 at 75 psi from a distance 20mm for 20 sec, the third group was anodized at 40V to form TiO2 nanotubes. One specimen from each group was examined under scanning electron microscope and surface roughness by laser profilometer. Low fusing ceramic was applied (7x5 mm) onto the specimens according to the manufacture's instruction. Shear bond strength tests were performed using universal testing machine. The data was analyzed with One-way ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: The lowest shear bond strength was obtained from the control group (7,23±1,6 MPa). Furthermore, TiO2 nanotube application (25,29±2,1 MPa) was found to be a more effective than sandblasting method (19,69±1,21 MPa) to increase ceramic bond strength. The difference between all groups were statistically significant (P<.05) and the failure modes of all groups were adhesive. Conclusion: Even if additional equipments are needed in the application process, the obtained higher bond strength made TiO2 nanotube application superior to sandblasting.

Keywords

• Titanium
• Ceramic
• Anodization
• Airborne particle abrasion
• Shear bond strength.

TiO2 Nanotube Uygulamasının Titanyum Seramik Bağlantı Kuvveti Üzerine Etkisinin Araştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Titanyum, korozyon direnci, hafifliği ve biyouyumluluğu nedeniyle sabit protezlerde altyapı materyali olarak tercih edilmektedir. Titanyum-seramik bağlanma dayanımının arttırması için yüzey işlemlerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı anodizasyon yöntemiyle oluşturulan TiO2 nanotüp uygulamasının makaslama bağlanma dayanımı üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Otuz adet titanyum silindir numunesi (12 mm çap, 10 mm yükseklik) hazırlandı ve yüzeyleri 300, 600 ve 1200 silisyum karbür aşındırıcılarla parlatıldı ve yüzey işlemlerine göre 3 gruba ayrıldı. Birinci grup kontrol grubu, ikinci grup 120 μm Al2O3 ile 75 psi' de 20 mm mesafeden 20 saniye boyunca kumlandı, üçüncü grup TiO2 nanotüpleri oluşturmak için 40 V' da anodize edildi. Her gruptan bir numune taramalı elektron mikroskobu ve lazer profilometre cihazlarıyla incelendi. Üretici talimatlarına göre seramik (7x5 mm) numuneler üzerine uygulandı. Bağlantı testleri üniversal test makinesi kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Elde edilen veriler tek yönlü ANOVA ve Tukey testi ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: En düşük bağlanma dayanım değeri kontrol grubundan elde edilmiştir (7,23±1,6 MPa). Ayrıca, TiO2 nanotüp uygulamasının (25,29±2,1 MPa) seramik bağ dayanımını arttırmada kumlama yönteminden (19,69±1,21 MPa) daha etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Tüm gruplar arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı (P<.05) ve tüm gruplardaki kopmalar adeziv tip olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Uygulama sürecinde ek ekipmanlara ihtiyaç duyulsa bile, elde edilen daha yüksek bağlanma dayanımı TiO2 nanotüp uygulamasını kumlamaya göre üstün kılmaktadır.

Keywords

• Titanyum
• Seramik
• Anodizasyon
• Kumlama
• Makaslama Bağlantı Dayanımı.

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