Low Level Lazer Therapy For Accelerated Orthodontic Tooth Movement – Review

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 28 - 32, 29.06.2018

Yasemin Bahar Acar , Sibel Biren

Öz

Contemporarily, more adult patients seek orthodontic treatment.
This increasing number of adult patients who usually demand good
results in a short treatment period and the possible side effects
of a prolonged orthodontic treatment (such as caries, white spot
lesions, peridontal problems and root resorption) lead researches
to search for methods that accelerate orthodontic tooth movement.
Low-level laser therapy, electrical current, pulsed electromagnetic
fields, corticotomy, distraction osteogenesis and mechanical
vibration can be listed among the methods that intend to increase
the orthodontic tooth movement rate. This paper aims to review
the current literature about low-level laser therapy (LLLT), which
is one of the physiological approaches for accelerated orthodontic
tooth movement. There are many studies on animal and human
subjects, which report positive effects of LLLT on orthodontic
tooth movement rate. However there are also studies that found
no acceleratory effects of LLLT. In an overview of the literature,
it can be concluded that more studies are necessary to clarify
the clinical application methods and effects on humans. Still,
considering the advantages of LLLT such as easy application, no
patient discomfort, reducing orthodontically induced pain, being a
non-invasive, periodontally safe and physiological approach, it can
be foreseen that LLLT can have clinical use and benefits.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Low level laser therapy, Accelerated tooth movement, Tooth movement techniques

Hızlandırılmış Diş Hareketinde Düşük Doz Lazer Kullanımı

Öz

Günümüzde, giderek daha fazla sayıda yetişkin birey ortodontik
tedavi talep etmektedir. Kısa sürede iyi bir tedavi sonucuna ulaşmak
isteyen yetişkin hastaların artması ve uzun süreli ortodontik
tedavilerin (çürük, beyaz lezyon, periodontal problemler ve kök
rezorpsiyonu gibi) olası yan etkileri nedeniyle araştırmacılar diş
hareketini hızlandırmayı amaçlayan çalışmalara yönlenmiştir. Diş
hareketini hızlandırmak amacıyla yapılan güncel uygulamalar
arasında düşük doz lazer terapisi, titreşimli elektromanyetik
alanlar, elektriksel akım, kortikotomi, distraksiyon osteogenezi ve
mekanik titreşim sayılabilmektedir. Bu derlemede diş hareketini
hızlandırmak amacıyla uygulanan güncel fizyolojik yaklaşımlardan
biri olan düşük doz lazer terapisinden bahsedilecektir. Bu konudaki
birçok çalışmada bulgular genel olarak DDLT’nin diş hareketi
hızını artırdığına yöneliktir. Ancak DDLT’nin diş hareketi üzerinde
etkili olmadığını belirten çalışmalar da mevcuttur. Literatürdeki
çalışmaların bütününe bakıldığında; insanlarda klinik uygulama
rutinlerini ve etkilerini belirginleştirmek açısından bu konuda daha
fazla çalışma yapılması gerektiği sonucuna varılabilir. Bununla
birlikte, periodontal dokular açısından güvenli bir yöntem olan
DDLT’nin ortodontik tedavi kaynaklı diş ağrılarını azaltması,
invazif olmaması, uygulama kolaylığı, hastaya rahatsızlık
vermemesi ve fizyolojik bir yaklaşım olması gibi özellikleri göz
önüne alındığında ortodonti alanında önemli faydaları ve kullanım
alanları olacağı öngörülebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Düşük doz lazer terapisi, hızlandırılmış diş hareketi, diş hareketi teknikleri

Kaynakça

• Einstein, A. (1917) On the Quantum Theory of Radiation. Physika Zeitschrift., 18, 121-128.
• Towns, C.H. (1962) Optical masers and their possible applications to biology. Biophys J. 2(2), 325-329.
• Schawlow, A.L., Townes, C.H. (1958) Infrared & optical masers. Phys. 112, 1940-1949.
• De Nguyen, T., Turcotte, J.Y. (1994) Lasers in maxillofacial surgery and dentistry. J Can Dent Assoc. 60(3), 227-8, 231-6
• Segal GR, Schiffman PH, Tuncay OC. Meta analysis of the treatment-related factors of external apical root resorption. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2004;7:71–78.
• Johar K. Low level laser therapy. In: fundamentals of laser dentistry. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher (P) Ltd; 2011. p.128–32.
• Pandis N, Nasika M, Polychronopoulou A, Eliades T. External apical root resorption in patients treated with conventional and self-ligating brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;134:646–651.
• Geiger AM, Gorelick L, Gwinnett AJ, Benson BJ. Reducing white spot lesions in orthodontic populations with flüoride rinsing. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1992;101:403– 407.
• Bishara SE, Ostby AW. White spot lesions: formation, prevention, and treatment. Semin Orthod. 2008;14:174–182.
• Liou E. Accelerated orthodontic tooth movement. In: Miles PG, Rinchuse DJ, Rinchuse DJ, eds. Evidence based clinical orthodontics. 1st ed. Illinois: Quintessence Publishing Co Inc; 2012. P.179-199.
• Chung H, Dai T, Sharma SK, Huang YY, Carroll JD, Hamblin MR. The nuts and bolts of low-level laser (light) therapy. Ann Biomed Eng. 2012;40:516–33.
• Habib FA, Gama SK, Ramalho LM, Cangussú MC, Santos Neto FP, Lacerda JA, Araújo TM, Pinheiro AL. Laser-induced alveolar bone changes during orthodontic movement: a histological study on rodents. Photomed Laser Surg. 2010 ;28(6):823-30.
• Wakabayashi H, Hamba M, Matsumoto K, Tachibana H. Effect of irradiation by semiconductor laser on responses evoked in trigeminal caudal neurons by tooth pulp stimulation. Lasers Surg Med. 1993;13:605–10.
• Bjordal JM, Lopes-Martins RA, Iversen VV. A randomised, placebo controlled trial of low level laser therapy for activated Achilles tendinitis with microdialysis measurement of peritendinous prostaglandin E2 concentrations. Br J Sports Med. 2006;40:76–80.
• Kawasaki K, Shimizu N. Effects of low-energy laser irradiation on bone remodeling during experimental tooth movement in rats. Lasers Surg Med 2000;26:282-91.
• Yoshida T, Yamaguchi M, Utsunomiya T, Kato M, Arai Y, Kaneda T, et al. Low-energy laser irradiation accelerates the velocity of tooth movement via stimulation of the alveolar bone remodeling. Orthod Craniofac Res 2009;12:289-98.
• Yamaguchi, M., Fujita, S., Yoshida, T., Oikawa K., Utsunomiya, T., Yamamoto, H. and Kasai, K. (2007). Low- Energy Laser Irradiation Stimulates the Tooth MovementVelocity Via Expression of M-CSF and c-fms, Orthodontic Waves, 66, 139-148.
• Fujita, S., Yamaguchi, M., Utsunomiya, T., Yamamoto, H. and Kasai, K. (2008). Low-Energy Laser Stimulates Tooth Movement Velocity Via Expression of RANK and RANKL, Orthod. Craniofac. Res., 11, 143-155.
• Kim SJ, Moon SU, Kang SG, Park YG. Effects of lowlevel laser therapy after Corticision on tooth movement and paradental remodeling. Lasers Surg Med 2009;41:524-33.
• Goulart CS, Nouer PR, Mouramartins L, Garbin IU, de Fatima Zanirato Lizarelli R. Photoradiation and orthodontic movement: experimental study with canines. Photomed Laser Surg 2006;24:192-6.
• Abi-Ramia LB, Stuani AS, Stuani AS, Stuani MB, Mendes Ade M. Effects of low-level laser therapy and orthodontic tooth movement on dental pulps in rats. Angle Orthod. 2010;80(1):116-22.
• Cruz DR, Kohara EK, RibeiroMS, Wetter NU. Effects of low-intensity laser therapy on the orthodontic movement velocity of human teeth: a preliminary study. Lasers Surg Med 2004;35:117-20.
• Youssef M, Ashkar S, Hamade E, Gutknecht N, Lampert F, Mir M. The effect of low-level laser therapy during orthodontic movement: a preliminary study. Lasers Med Sci 2008;23:27-33.
• Doshi-Mehta G, Bhad-Patil WA. Efficacy of low-intensity laser therapy in reducing treatment time and orthodontic pain: a clinical investigation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012 Mar;141(3):289-97.
• Genc G, Kocadereli I, Tasar F, Kilinc K, El S, Sarkarati B. Effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on orthodontic tooth movement. Lasers Med Sci.2013 Jan;28(1):41-7.
• Limpanichkul W, Godfrey K, Srisuk N, Rattanayatikul C. Effects of low-level laser therapy on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2006 Feb;9(1):38-43.
• Seifi, M., Shafeei, H.A. and Daneshdoost, S. (2007). Effects of Two Types of Low-Level Laser Wave Lengths (850 and 630 nm) on the Orthodontic Tooth Movements in Rabbits, Lasers Med. Sci., 22(4), 261-4.
• Long H, Pyakurel U, Wang Y, Liao L, Zhou Y, Lai W. Interventions for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2013 Jan;83(1):164-71. doi: 10.2319/031512-224.1.