Cerrahi Olmayan Periodontal Tedavinin Evre III Derece C Periodontitisli Hastalarda Dişeti Oluğu Sıvısındaki İnterlökin- 26 Seviyesine Etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 16 - 22, 30.04.2023

Nadin Gemrekoğlu , Hatice Selin Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.29228/erd.38

Öz

Amaç
Bu çalışmanın amacı, evre III (EIII) derece C periodontitis (C-P) ve sağlıklı bireylerde diş eti oluğu sıvısı (DOS) interlökin (İL) 26 ve İL-6 seviyelerini saptamak ve EIII-C-P hastalarda cerrahi olmayan periodontal tedavinin (COPT) İL-26 ve İL-6 seviyeleri üzerine etkisini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler
Çalışmaya, periodontal olarak sağlıklı 12 birey ve EIII-C-P’li 12 hasta olmak üzere, sistemik olarak sağlıklı, sigara içmeyen toplam 24 birey dahil edildi. Başlangıçta, tüm hastalardan DOS örnekleri toplandı ve ardından plak indeks, gingival indeks, sondalamada kanama, cep derinliği, klinik ataşman seviyesi parametrelerini içeren periodontal klinik parametreler ölçüldü. EIII-C-P’li grupta, COPT'den 3 ay sonra klinik parametrelerin ölçümleri ve DOS örneği toplanması tekrarlandı. İL-26 ve İL-6 seviyeleri, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kullanılarak belirlendi.
Bulgular
EIII-C-P grubunda COPT sonrası tüm klinik parametrelerde düzelme meydana geldi (p<0.05). Başlangıç DOS İL-26 ve İL-6 seviyeleri, EIII-C-P grubunda sağlıklı gruba göre daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). EIII-C-P grubunda COPT'den sonra, DOS İL-26 ve İL-6 seviyelerinde anlamlı azalma tespit edildi (p<0.05). Başlangıç İL-26 ve İL-6 ile tüm klinik parametreler arasında pozitif korelasyon saptandı (p<0.01). İL-26 ve İL-6 arasında ise hem başlangıçta hem de tedavi sonrası 3. ayda pozitif korelasyon tespit edildi (p<0.05).
Sonuç
Çalışmamız, DOS İL-26 seviyesinin EIII-C-P’li hastalarda daha yüksek olduğunu ve periodontal klinik parametrelerle ilişkili olduğunu ortaya koydu. Ayrıca, DOS İL-26 seviyesinde COPT ile azalma elde edildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diş eti oluğu sıvısı, interlökin, periodontitis

Destekleyen Kurum

Marmara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Proje Numarası

SAG-C-DRP-241018-0575

Effects of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment on Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Interleukin 26 Levels at Stage III Grade C Periodontitis Patients

Öz

Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine interleukin (IL) 26 and IL-6 levels of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in stage III grade C periodontitis (SIII-C-P) and healthy individuals, and to evaluate the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on IL-26 and IL-6 levels in SIII-C-P patients.
Materials and Methods
A total of 24 systemically healthy non-smokers, 12 periodontally healthy and 12 with SIII-C-P, were included in the study. Initially, GCF samples were collected from all patients, and then periodontal clinical parameters including plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, pocket depth, clinical attachment level were measured. In the SIII-C-P group, clinical parameter measurements and GCF sample collection were repeated 3 months after NSPT. IL-26 and IL-6 levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
All clinical parameters improved after NSPT in SIII-C-P group (p<0.05). At baseline GCF IL-26 and IL-6 levels were higher in the SIII-C-P group than in the healthy group (p<0.05). Statistically significant decreases were detected in GCF IL-26 and IL-6 in the SIII-C-P group after NSPT (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between IL-26 and IL-6 and all clinical parameters at baseline (p<0.01). Furthermore, IL-26 and IL-6 were positively correlated both at baseline and at 3 months after NSPT (p<0.05).
Conclusions
The present study revealed that GCF IL-26 level was higher in individuals with SIII-C-P and was associated with periodontal clinical parameters. Also, the NSPT was decreased the GCF IL-26 levels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gingival crevicular fluid, interleukins, periodontitis

Proje Numarası

SAG-C-DRP-241018-0575

Kaynakça

• Che KF, Tengvall S, Levänen B, Silverpil E, Smith ME, Awad M, Vikström M, Palmberg L, Qvarfordt I, Sköld M. Interleukin-26 in antibacterial host defense of human lungs. Effects on neutrophil mobilization. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2014;190(9):1022-1031.
• Corvaisier M, Delneste Y, Jeanvoine H, Preisser L, Blanchard S, Garo E, Hoppe E, Barré B, Audran M, Bouvard B. IL-26 is overexpressed in rheumatoid arthritis and induces proinflammatory cytokine production and Th17 cell generation. PLoS biology. 2012;10(9):e1001395.
• Dikilitaş A, Karaaslan F, Seçkin EA. Comparison of gingival crevicular fluid levels of IL-1b and IL-6 in subjects with gingivitis and stage III grade C periodontitis. Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine. 2022.
• Dinarello CA. Proinflammatory Cytokines. Chest. 2000;118(2):503-508.
• Duzagac E, Cifcibasi E, Erdem M, Karabey V, Kasali K, Badur S, Cintan S. Is obesity associated with healing after non‐surgical periodontal therapy? A local vs. systemic evaluation. Journal of periodontal research. 2016;51(5):604-612.
• Fentoğlu Ö, Köroğlu BK, Hiçyılmaz H, Sert T, Özdem M, Sütçü R, Tamer MN, Orhan H, Ay ZY, Öztürk Tonguç M. Pro‐inflammatory cytokine levels in association between periodontal disease and hyperlipidaemia. Journal of clinical periodontology. 2011;38(1):8-16.
• Garlet G, Cardoso C, Silva T, Ferreira B, Avila‐Campos M, Cunha FdQ, Silva Jd. Cytokine pattern determines the progression of experimental periodontal disease induced by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans through the modulation of MMPs, RANKL, and their physiological inhibitors. Oral microbiology and immunology. 2006;21(1):12-20.
• Graves D. Cytokines that promote periodontal tissue destruction. Journal of periodontology. 2008;79:1585-1591.
• Griffiths G, Curtis M, Wilton J. Selection of a filter paper with optimum properties for the collection of gingival crevicular fluid. Journal of Periodontal Research. 1988;23(1):33-38.
• Griffiths G, Wilton J, Curtis M. Contamination of human gingival crevicular fluid by plaque and saliva. Archives of oral biology. 1992;37(7):559-564.
• Kaabachi W, Bouali E, Berraïes A, Dhifallh IB, Hamdi B, Hamzaoui K, Hamzaoui A. Interleukin-26 is overexpressed in Behçet’s disease and enhances Th17 related− cytokines. Immunology Letters. 2017;190:177-184.
• Keles Yucel ZP, Keles GC, Avci B, Cetinkaya BO. Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy Reduces Salivary and Gingival Crevicular Fluid YKL-40 and IL-6 Levels in Chronic Periodontitis. Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry. 2020;18(4).
• Kuru L, Parkar M, Griffiths G, Newman H, Olsen I. Flow cytometry analysis of gingival and periodontal ligament cells. Journal of dental research. 1998;77(4):555-564.
• Larochette V, Miot C, Poli C, Beaumont E, Roingeard P, Fickenscher H, Jeannin P, Delneste Y. IL-26, a cytokine with roles in extracellular DNA-induced inflammation and microbial defense. Frontiers in immunology. 2019;10.
• Loe H, Silness J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. I. Prevalence and severity. Acta Odontol Scand. 1963;21:533-551.
• Pan W, Wang Q, Chen Q. The cytokine network involved in the host immune response to periodontitis. International journal of oral science. 2019;11(3):1-13.
• Prakasam S, Srinivasan M. Evaluation of salivary biomarker profiles following non‐surgical management of chronic periodontitis. Oral diseases. 2014;20(2):171-177.
• Reis C, Da Costa AV, Guimarães JT, Tuna D, Braga AC, Pacheco JJ, Arosa FA, Salazar F, Cardoso EM. Clinical improvement following therapy for periodontitis: Association with a decrease in IL‑1 and IL‑6. Experimental and therapeutic medicine. 2014;8(1):323-327.
• Shimada Y, Komatsu Y, Ikezawa‐Suzuki I, Tai H, Sugita N, Yoshie H. The effect of periodontal treatment on serum leptin, interleukin‐6, and C‐reactive protein. Journal of periodontology. 2010;81(8):1118-1123.
• Silness J, Loe H. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition. Acta Odontol Scand. 1964;22:121-135.
• Stephen-Victor E, Fickenscher H, Bayry J. IL-26: An Emerging Proinflammatory Member of the IL-10 Cytokine Family with Multifaceted Actions in Antiviral, Antimicrobial, and Autoimmune Responses. PLoS Pathog. 2016;12(6):e1005624.
• Tengvall S, Che KF, Lindén A. Interleukin-26: An emerging player in host defense and inflammation. Journal of innate immunity. 2016;8(1):15-22.
• Tonetti MS, Greenwell H, Kornman KS. Staging and grading of periodontitis: Framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition. J Periodontol. 2018;89 Suppl 1:S159-s172.
• Torumtay G, Kırzıoğlu F, Öztürk Tonguç M, Kale B, Calapoğlu M, Orhan H. Effects of periodontal treatment on inflammation and oxidative stress markers in patients with metabolic syndrome. Journal of periodontal research. 2016;51(4):489-498.
• Tymkiw KD, Thunell DH, Johnson GK, Joly S, Burnell KK, Cavanaugh JE, Brogden KA, Guthmiller JM. Influence of smoking on gingival crevicular fluid cytokines in severe chronic periodontitis. Journal of clinical periodontology. 2011;38(3):219-228.
• Yashima A, Morozumi T, Yoshie H, Hokari T, Izumi Y, Akizuki T, Mizutani K, Takamatsu H, Minabe M, Miyauchi S. Biological responses following one‐stage full‐mouth scaling and root planing with and without azithromycin: Multicenter randomized trial. Journal of Periodontal Research. 2019;54(6):709-719.
• Zekeridou A, Giannopoulou C, Cancela J, Courvoisier D, Mombelli A. Effect of initial periodontal therapy on gingival crevicular fluid cytokine profile in subjects with chronic periodontitis. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2017;3(2):62-68.