Maxillary Canine Impaction Occurrence and Severity in Relation with Dimensions and Morphology of Sella Turcica: A Retrospective Observational CBCT Study

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 117 - 124, 29.08.2025

Tarek Alraas , Yasemin Bahar Acar

https://doi.org/10.29228/erd.103

Abstract

Objective: To investigate dimensions and morphological characteristics of Sella Turcica (ST) in patients with impacted maxillary canines (IMC), compared to a control group of patients with normally erupted canines, using CBCT images. A secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between the impaction severity and ST parameters.
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed CBCT images from 100 patients. The study group included 55 subjects with IMC (n=38 unilateral, U-IMC; n=17 bilateral, B-IMC) and the control group included 45 subjects exhibiting normally erupted canines. ST parameters included linear dimensions (length, depth, diameter), morphological categorization and bridging types. IMC parameters were canine’s three-dimensional positional angles according to Frankfort Horizontal Plane (FHP) and midsagittal plane (MP). Statistical analyses were conducted using two-sample t-test, Man-Whitney U, and One-Way ANOVA tests. Statistical significance was set at 5%.
Results: U-IMC-R and B-IMC exhibited significantly higher FHP-RC-Frontal (p<0.001) and MP-RC (p=0.002) angles, but a lower FHP-RC-Lateral angle (p<0.001) compared to U-IMC-L and control groups. Moreover, U-IMC-L and B-IMC groups exhibited significantly higher FHP-LC-Frontal (p<0.001) and MP-LC (p<0.001) angles, but a lower FHP-LC-Lateral angle (p=0.003) compared to U-IMC-R and control groups. There was a significant inverse relationship of 25.5% between ST length and FHP-LC-Lateral angle (p=0.011).
Conclusion: IMC was linked with increased FHP-C-Frontal and MP-C angles, but with a decreased FHP-C-Lateral angles. A significant 25.5% inverse relationship between ST length and FHP-LC-Lateral angle was observed. Besides, IMC occurrence and its three-dimensional position did not exhibit correlation with ST's dimensions or morphology.

Keywords

tooth , impacted , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Sella Turcica

Maksiller Kanin Dişlerinin Gömülü Kalmasının Görülme Sıklığı ve Şiddetinin ile Sella Turcica’nın Boyutları ve Morfolojisi Arasındaki İlişki: Retrospektif Gözlemsel Bir Dental Volumetrik Tomografi Çalışması

Abstract

AMAÇ:
DVT görüntüleri kullanılarak, gömülü maksiler kanin dişi (IMC) sahip hastalarda Sella Turcica'nın (ST) boyutları ve morfolojisi, normal şekilde sürmüş kanin dişlerine sahip kontrol grubu hastalarla karşılaştırarak araştırmak amaçlandı. İkincil amaç, gömüklük şiddeti ile Sella Turcica parametreleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM:
Bu retrospektif çalışmada 100 hastadan alınmış DVT görüntüleri analiz edildi. Çalışma grubuna 55 IMC’ye sahip hasta (n=38 tek taraflı, U-IMC; n=17 çift taraflı, B-IMC) ve normal şekilde sürmüş kanin dişlerine sahip 45 kontrol hastası dahil edildi. ST’nın parametreleri; doğrusal boyutları (uzunluğu, derinliği, çapı), morfolojik sınıflandırma ve köprüleşmesi tiplerinden oluşuyordu. IMC parametreleri, kaninin Frankfort Horizontal düzlemi (FHP) ve midsagittal düzleme (MP) göre üç boyutlu pozisyonel açılarından oluşmaktaydı. İstatistiksel analizler, iki-örneklem t-testi, Mann–Whitney U ve Tek-Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) testleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi %5 olarak belirlendi.
BULGULAR:
U-IMC-R ve B-IMC grupların, U-IMC-L ve kontrol gruplarına kıyasla, FHP-RC-Frontal (p<0.001) ve MP-RC (p=0.002) açılarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha yüksek, ancak FHP-RC-Lateral açısında (p<0.001) daha düşük olduğu bulundu. U-IMC-L ve B-IMC grupların, U-IMC-R ve kontrol gruplarına kıyasla, FHP-LC-Frontal (p<0.001) ve MP-LC (p<0.001) açılarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha yüksek, ancak FHP-LC-Lateral açısında (p=0.003) daha düşük olduğu bulundu. ST’nın uzunluğu ile FHP-LC-Lateral açısı arasında %25.5 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ters ilişki bulundu (p=0.011).
SONUÇ:
IMC, etkilenen gömme tarafında artmış FHP-C-Frontal ve MP-C açıları ile ilişkilendirilirken, azalmış FHP-C-Lateral açıları ile ilişkilidir. ST'nın uzunluğu ile FHP-LC-Lateral açısı arasında %25.5 ters ilişki vardır. Bunun dışında, IMC'nin varlığı ve üç boyutlu pozisyonu, ST'nin boyutları veya morfolojisindeki değişikliklerle korelasyon göstermemektedir.

Keywords

Diş , gömülü , Konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi , Sella tursika

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