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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>erühfd</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1306-3839</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2822-3012</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Erciyes Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.58820/eruhfd.1843977</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>International Humanitarian and Human Rights Law</subject>
                                                            <subject>Public International Law</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Uluslararası İnsani ve İnsan Hakları Hukuku</subject>
                                                            <subject>Uluslararası Kamu Hukuku</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>İnsani Müdahaleden Koruma Sorumluluğuna: Normatif Evrim, Siyasi Seçicilik ve Uygulama Krizi</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <article-title>From Humanitarian Intervention to the Responsibility to Protect: Normative Evolution, Political Selectivity and The Crisis of Implementation</article-title>
                                                                                                                                        </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-5260</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Çeliköz</surname>
                                    <given-names>Büşra</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KARAMANOĞLU MEHMETBEY ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260427">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>27</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>21</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>473</fpage>
                                        <lpage>506</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20251218">
                        <day>12</day>
                        <month>18</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260325">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>25</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2006, Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2006</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Bu makale, insani müdahaleden koruma sorumluluğu doktrinine geçişi; normatif evrim, siyasal seçicilik ve kalıcı uygulama krizleri çerçevesinde incelemektedir. Çalışma temelde şu araştırma sorusuna odaklanmaktadır: Koruma sorumluluğu, uluslararası hukuk açısından gerçek bir normatif ilerlemeyi mi temsil etmektedir yoksa insani müdahalenin yapısal açmazlarını yalnızca yeni bir terminoloji altında yeniden mi üretmektedir? Analitik ve yorumsamacı bir yaklaşımı benimseyen çalışma, kuramsal tartışmaları üç temel vaka Kosova (1999), Libya (2011) ve Suriye (2011- ) üzerinden yapılan karşılaştırmalı bir değerlendirme ile bütünleştirmektedir. Makalede ilk olarak insani müdahale kavramının kavramsal ve hukuksal temelleri ele alınmakta; ardından Koruma Sorumluluğu kavramının 2001 Uluslararası Müdahale ve Devlet Egemenliği Komisyonu Raporu, 2005 Dünya Zirvesi Sonuç Belgesi, BM Genel Sekreteri raporları ve ilgili Güvenlik Konseyi kararları aracılığıyla nasıl kurumsallaştığı değerlendirilmektedir. Ampirik inceleme, Kosova’nın Koruma Sorumluluğu kavramı tartışmalarının ahlaki tetikleyicisi olduğunu; Libya’nın doktrinin ilk resmî uygulaması niteliği taşımasına karşın rejim değişikliğine yönelen müdahale biçimi nedeniyle ciddi bir meşruiyet krizi yarattığını; Suriye’nin ise jeopolitik rekabetler ve Güvenlik Konseyi vetolarının felç edici etkilerini görünür kılarak doktrinin en belirgin başarısızlığına dönüştüğünü göstermektedir. Bulgular Koruma Sorumluluğu’nun egemenliği, sorumluluk perspektifiyle yeniden tanımladığını ve insan haklarının korunması ile uluslararası barış ve güvenliğin tesisi arasında bir denge kurmayı amaçladığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte, uygulamanın son derece seçici olduğu ve siyaseten araçsallaştırıldığı da açıkça görülmektedir. Makale, Koruma Sorumluluğu kavramının yalnızca kısmen hayata geçirilmiş bir normatif proje olduğunu; etkinliğinin ise güç siyaseti ve kurumsal asimetriler tarafından sınırlandığını ileri sürmektedir. Doktrinin geleceğinin güçlendirilmesi, meşruiyet ile etkinlik arasındaki dengenin yeniden tesis edilmesine ve insani saiklerin stratejik çıkarların gölgesinde kalmamasına bağlıdır.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                                            <abstract><p>This article examines the transformation from humanitarian intervention to the doctrine of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) by analyzing its normative evolution, political selectivity and persistent implementation crisis. It addresses the following central research question: Does R2P constitute a genuine normative advancement in international law or does it merely reproduce the structural dilemmas of humanitarian intervention under a new terminology? Drawing on an analytical and interpretive approach, the study integrates theoretical debates with a comparative assessment of three key cases - Kosovo (1999), Libya (2011) and Syria (2011- ). The article first explores the conceptual and legal foundations of humanitarian intervention, then evaluates how R2P was institutionalized through the 2001 International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) Report, the 2005 World Summit Outcome Document, UN Secretary-General reports and relevant Security Council resolutions. The empirical analysis demonstrates that Kosovo served as the moral catalyst of the R2P debate, Libya represented its first formal application but simultaneously triggered a legitimacy crisis due to the shift toward regime change and Syria constituted the most visible failure of the doctrine, revealing the paralyzing effects of geopolitical rivalries and Security Council vetoes. The findings suggest that while R2P redefined sovereignty through the lens of responsibility and sought to reconcile human rights protection with international peace and security, its implementation has remained highly selective and politically instrumentalized. The article concludes that R2P represents a partially realized normative project whose effectiveness is constrained by power politics and institutional asymmetries. Strengthening the future of the doctrine requires restoring the balance between legitimacy and effectiveness and ensuring that humanitarian imperatives are not overshadowed by strategic interests.</p></abstract>
                                                                                    
            
                                                                                                                    <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Humanitarian intervention</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Responsibility to protect (R2P)</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Kosovo</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Libya</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Syria.</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>İnsani müdahale</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Koruma sorumluluğu</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Kosova</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Libya</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Suriye</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                            <funding-group specific-use="FundRef">
                    <award-group>
                                                    <funding-source>
                                <named-content content-type="funder_name">Bulunmamaktadır.</named-content>
                            </funding-source>
                                                                    </award-group>
                </funding-group>
                                </article-meta>
    </front>
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