Doğumda Odaklanma Yöntemleri ve Odak Noktaları

Abstract

Odaklanma, doğum ağrısında gebelerin belli bir nesne ya da zihinlerinde canlandırdıkları bir imgeye odaklanarak dikkatin ağrıdan başka bir yöne çekilmesini ve zihinsel rahatlamayı sağlayan mental uyarılma metotlarındandır. Hipnoz, görselleştirme ve zihinde canlandırma, görsel, işitsel veya dokunsal uyaranlara yoğunlaşma yöntemleri ile odaklanma sağlanabilmektedir. Bu yöntemler, ağrılı uyaranların merkezi sinir sistemine iletilmesini engellemektedir. Böylece doğumda ağrı algısı azalmakta, doğumun süresi kısalmakta, özyeterlilik, doğumda kontrol duygusu ve cesaret artmakta, korku, anksiyete, stres gibi negatif duyguların önüne geçilmektedir. Tüm bunların sonucunda da olumlu doğum deneyimi, konfor ve memnuniyet sağlanmaktadır. Bununla birlikte odaklanma yönteminin olası negatif sonuçları unutulmamalıdır. Çünkü yanlış odak noktalarının seçilmesi yarardan çok zarara yol açabilmektedir. Ebelerin konuya ilişkin yeterli bilgi ve deneyime sahip olmadıklarından dolayı odaklanma yöntemini aktif olarak kullanmadıkları düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle bu derleme doğumda kullanılabilen ve kullanılmaması gereken odaklanma yöntemleri konusunda sağlık profesyonelleri ve gebelere bir rehber niteliğinde hazırlanmıştır.

Keywords

• Doğum ağrısı
• odaklanma
• odak noktası

Focused Attention Methods and Focus Points at Labor

Abstract

Focused attention is one of the mental stimulation methods that provide mental relaxation and distract attention from pain by focusing on a certain object or an image that pregnant women envision in labor pain. Focusing can be achieved through hypnosis, visualization, and concentration on visual, auditory, or tactile stimuli. These methods prevent the transmission of painful stimuli to the central nervous system. Thus, the perception of pain at labor decreases, the duration of labor is shortened, self-efficacy, sense of control, and courage are increased, and negative emotions such as fear, anxiety, and stress are prevented. As a result of all these, positive birth experience, comfort, and satisfaction are provided. However, the possible negative consequences of the focusing method should not be forgotten. Because choosing the wrong focal points can cause more harm than good, it is thought that midwives do not use the focusing method actively because they do not have sufficient knowledge and experience on the subject. For this reason, this review has been prepared as a guide for health professionals and pregnant women on the focusing methods that can and should not be used in childbirth.

Keywords

• Focused attention
• focus points
• labor pain

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