Eleştirel Bir İnceleme: Türkiye ve Birleşik Krallık'ta Doğum Sonrası Dönemi Çevreleyen Geleneksel Uygulamaların Emzirmeye Etkisi

Abstract

Uzun yıllar boyunca, birçok kültürel uygulamanın oldukça tartışmalı doğasını anlamak için birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Doğum sonrası dönemin daha geniş kolektif ritüellerini incelemek, kültürel emzirme uygulamalarını anlamak için yararlıdır.Batı toplumlarında emzirme oranları daha düşük olmasına rağmen, gelişmemiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde geleneksel emzirme uygulamaları oldukça yaygındır. Birleşik Krallık'taki sosyal ve kültürel yapı Türkiye'ye benzemese de, iki ülke arasında geleneksel doğum sonrası uygulamaların emzirmeye etkisi açısından büyük farklılıklar görülemeyebilir. Bu Eleştirel derleme, son uygulamaları tanımlamak için 2007'den 2021'e kadar olan araştırmaları belirlemeyi amaçladı. Bunun için, çeşitli kombinasyonlarda beş anahtar arama kelimesi kullanılmıştır: emzirme, kültürel uygulamalar, doğum sonrası emzirme uygulamaları, bebek beslemesi, doğum sonrası geleneksel uygulamalar. Bu inceleme için aranan başlıca veritabanları arasında PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, MIDIRS, Cochrane, DergiPark ve Ulusal Tez Merkezi bulunmaktadır. Bu eleştirel incelemenin bulguları, klinik uygulamalara ve gelecekteki çalışmalara olumlu katkılar sağlayabilir. Anne sütü ve emzirmenin hem anne hem de bebek için fizyolojik ve psikososyal açıdan faydalı olduğu ve pek çok toplumda kültürel uygulamalar doğum sonrası bakımda kritik ve temel bir rol oynadığı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca doğum sonrası bakımda farklı geleneksel uygulamaların var olabileceğini ortaya koyan geleneksel doğum sonu uygulamalar ile ilgili literatürde daha fazla çalışma yapılması gerekli ve önemlidir.

Keywords

• Emzirme
• kültürel uygulamalar
• doğum sonrası emzirme uygulamaları
• geleneksel emzirme uygulamaları

A Critical Review: Traditional Practices Surrounding Postpartum Period Impact on Breastfeeding in Turkey and the UK

Abstract

For many years, many studies have been conducted to understand the highly controversial nature of many cultural practices. Viewing the wider collective rituals of the postpartum period is helpful to understand cultural breastfeeding practices. Despite breastfeeding rates being lower in Western societies, traditional breastfeeding practices are quite common in underdeveloped and developing countries. Although the social and cultural structure in the UK does not seem similar to that of Turkey, great differences in terms of traditional postpartum practice effect on breastfeeding may not be seen between the two countries. The critical review aimed to identify a search for the recent practice from 2007 to 2021. Five key search words are used in various combinations including the following: breastfeeding, cultural practices, postpartum breastfeeding practices, infant feeding, and postpartum traditional practices. The major databases searched for this review include PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, MIDIRS, Cochrane, DergiPark, and Turkish equivalent of the International Scientific Citation Index (Higher Education Council National Thesis Centre). The findings of this critical review provided positive contributions to clinical practices and future studies. Breastfeeding is beneficial both physiologically and psychosocially for both mother and baby, and traditional cultural practices play a critical and fundamental role in postnatal care in many societies. In addition, it is necessary and important to carry out more studies in the literature related to traditional breastfeeding practices, revealing the fact that different practices can be done in postnatal care.

Keywords

• Breastfeeding
• cultural practices
• postpartum breastfeeding practices
• traditional breastfeeding practices

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