Gebe Adölesanlarda Sağlığı Geliştirici Yaşam Tarzları ve Etkileyen Faktörler

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 110 - 119, 05.04.2024

Pınar Kara , Evşen Nazik , Seda Karaçay Yıkar , Ebru Var , Öznur Akçayüzlü Funda Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10926696

Öz

Amaç: Araştırma, adölesan gebelerin sağlıklı yaşam biçimid avranışları ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki bu araştırma 56 adölesan gebeyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri ”Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği (SYBDÖ)” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<.05 olarak tanımlanmıştır.
Bulgular: Adölesan gebelerin SYBDÖ toplam puanı 112.85±15.79’dur. SYBDÖ altboyut puan ortalamaları 34.66±5.90 (kendini gerçekleştirme), 20.75±5.19 (sağlık sorumluluğu), 7.32±2.78 (fiziksel aktivite), 16.05±3.11 (beslenme), 19.76±3.50 (kişilerarası destek), ve 14.30±2.72 (stress yönetimi) olarak bulunmuştur. Adölesan gebelerin sosyo-demografik ve obstetrik özellikleri ile SYBDÖ arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>.05).
Sonuç: Adölesan gebelerin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları orta düzeydeydi. Sağlık profesyonelleri adölesanların gebeliklerine göre antenatal takipleri ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarını öğretmelidir. Ayrıca, adölesan gebelerin kendi sağlık sorumluluklarını almalarını sağlayacak destek programları düzenlenmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi, adölesan gebe, sağlık durumu, sağlık profesyoneli

Health-Promoting Life styles in Pregnant Adolescents and the Affecting Factors

Öz

Objective: The study was carried out to determine the health-promotion lifestyles behaviors of pregnant adolescents and related factors.
Methods: The descriptive this study was conducted with between May-August 2015 on total of 56 pregnant adolescents in the outpatient departments of the obstetric and gynecologic hospital in Adana, Republic of Turkey. The study data were collected using the “Personel Information Form” and the “Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile Scale (HPLP)”. The study data were evaluated using SPSS 17.0 software. The statistical significance level was set at p<.05.
Results: The mean total HPLP score of the pregnant adolescent was 112.85±15.79. The mean point totals of the subscales of HPLP were 34.66±5.90 (self-actualization), 20.75±5.19 (health responsibility), 7.32±2.78 (physical activity), 16.05±3.11 (nutrition), 19.76±3.50 (interpersonal support), and 14.30±2.72 (stress management). Significant associations were not found between the HPLP with socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics of pregnant adolescent (p>.05).
Conclusion: The health behavior of pregnant adolescent was intermediate level. Health care professionals should teach antenatal follow-up and healthy lifestyle behaviors according to adolescent pregnancies. Additionally, support programs should be organized to ensure that pregnant adolescents take responsibility for their own health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Health-promoting lifestyles, pregnant adolescents, health status

Kaynakça

• American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology [ACOG]. (2020). Physical activity and exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 135 (4), 178-88. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000003772
• Aksungur, A., Göktaş, B., Önder, Ö. R., & Cankul, İ. H. (2011). Assessment of healthy living behaviors of students. Ankara Journal of Health Services, 10 (1), 1-11.
• Aşcı, Ö., & Rathfisch, G. (2016). Effect of lifestyle interventions of pregnant women on their dietary habits, lifestyle behaviours, and weight gain: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 7(35), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-016-0044-2
• Aydın, D. (2013). Adolescence pregnancy and adolescence motherhood. Anatolian Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences, 16(4), 250-254.
• Bozhüyük, A., Özcan, S., Kurdak, H., Akpınar, E., Saatçi, E., & Bozdemir, N. (2012). Healthy life style and family medicine. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 6(1), 13-21.
• Cihangiroğlu, Z., & Deveci, S. E. (2011). Fırat University Elazığ Healthy lifestyle behaviors and affecting factors of health school students. Fırat Medical Journal, 16(2), 78-83.
• Coşkun, M. (2016). The effects of social support level perceived during pregnancy on healthy lifestyle behaviours. Unpublished master thesis. Koç University, Turkey.
• Dağdeviren, Z., & Şimşek, Z. (2013). Health promotion behaviors and related factors of high school students in Şanlıurfa. TAF Prev Med Bull, 12(2), 135-142. https://doi.org/10.5455/pmb. 1343653881
• Dil, S., Şentürk, S. G., & Girgin, B. A. (2015). Relationship between risky health behaviours and some demographic characteristics of adolescents' self-esteem and healthy lifestyle behaviours in
• Çankırı. Anatolia Psychiatry Journal, 16 (1), 51-59. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.151320
• Esin, M. N. (1999). Turkish adaptation of the scale of healthy lifestyle behaviours. Nursing Bulletin, 12, 87-96.
• Gharaibeh, M., Al-Ma’aitah, R., & Al Jada N. (2005). Lifestyle practices of Jordian pregnant women. Int Nurs Rev, 52(2), 92-100. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-7657.2005.00257.x
• Hargreaves, D., Mates, E., Menon, P., Alderman, H., Devakumar, D., Fawzi, W., Greenfield, G., Hammoudeh, W., He, S., Lahiri, A., Liu, Z., Nguyen, P. H., Sethi, V., Wang, H., Neufeld, L. M., & Patton, G. C. (2022). Strategies and interventions for healthy adolescent growth, nutrition, and development. Lancet, 399 (10320), 198–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01593-2
• Havlioğlu, S., & Koruk, İ. (2013). The quality of life and problematic behaviours among adolescent migrant seasonal farm workers. Turkish Public Health Journal, 11(1), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.173073
• İlhan, N., Batmaz, M., & Akhan, L. U. (2010). Healthy lifestyle behaviors of university students. Maltepe University Nursing Science and Art Review, 3(3), 34-44.
• Kara Uzun, A., & Șimşek Orhon, F. (2013). Influences of adolescent pregnancy on maternal and infant health. Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Magazine, 66(1), 19-24. https://doi.org/10.1501/Tıpfak_000000836
• Karaahmetoğlu, G., Soğuksu, S., & Softa, H. K. (2014). Nursing investigating healthy life style behaviours of first and fourth year nursing students and affecting factors. Erciyes University Medical Science Journal, 2(2), 26-42.
• Karadamar, M., Yiğit, R., & Sungur, M. A. (2014). Evaluation of healthy lifestyle behaviours in adolescents. Anatolian Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences, 17(3), 131-139.
• Karaca Saydam, B., Bozkurt, O. D., Hadımlı, A. P., Can, H. O., & Soğukpınar, N. (2007). Evaluation of the effects of self-care capacity on healthy life style behaviors in risky pregnant. Perinatal Journal, 15(3), 131-139.
• Kavlak, O., Atan, S. U., Şirin, A., Şen, E., Güneri, S. E., & Dağ, H. Y. (2013). Pregnant Turkish women with low income: Their anxiety, health-promoting lifestyles, and related factors. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 19 (5), 507-515. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12093
• Kostak, M. A., Kurt, S., Süt, N., Akarsu, Ö., & Ergül, G. D. (2014). Healthy lifestyle behaviors of nursing and classroom teaching students. TAF Prev Med Bull 13(3), 189-196. https://doi.org/10.5455/pmb 1-1362174271
• Lin, Y. H., Tsai, E. M., Chan, T. F., Chou, F. H., & Lin, Y. L. (2009). Health promoting lifestyles and related factors in pregnant women. Chang Gung Med J, 32(6), 650-661.
• Lucia, L., Kaiser Christina, G., & Campbell, C. (2014). Nutrition and lifestyle for a healthy pregnancy outcome. Practice Paper of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 114 (9), 1447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2014.07.001
• Musavian, A. S., Pasha, A., Rahebi, S-M., Roushan, Z. A., & Ghanbari, A. (2014). Health promoting Behaviors Among Adolescents: A Cross-sectional study. Nurs Midwifery Stud, 3(1), e14560. https://doi.org/10.17795/nmsjournal14560
• Onat, G., & Aba, Y. A. (2014). Health-promoting lifestyles and related factors among pregnant women. Turk J Public Health, 12(2), 69-79. https://doi.org/10.20518/thsd.69694
• Özdemir, F., Nazik, E., & Pasinlioğlu, T. (2010). Determination of the motherly reactions to adolescents experience of menarche. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 24 (11), 21-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2009.09.001
• Özyazıcıoğlu, N., Kılıç, M., Erdem, N., Yavuz, C., & Afacan, S. (2011). Determinants of nursing students' healthy life style. International Journal of Human Sciences, 8(2), 277-290.
• Şimşek, H., Öztoprak, D., İkizoğlu, E., Safalı, F., Yavuz, Ö., & Onur, Ö. (2012). Healthy lifestyle behaviours and related factors of medical school students. Deu Med J, 26(3), 151-157.
• Turkey Demographic and Health Survey [TDHS]. (2018). (2018, May 15). Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Ankara, Turkey. http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/TNSA2018_ Results presentation2122014.pdf
• World Health Organization [WHO]. (2023). (2023, September 2). Global health estimates 2019: deaths by cause, age, sex, by country and by region, 2000–2019. Geneva: WHO; 2023. https://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates/en/index1.html
• World Health Organization [WHO]. (2020). (2018, May 15). World health statistics 2020: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals. https://www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/2020/en/