<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>esosder</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1304-0278</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">1304-0278</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Cahit AYDEMİR</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17755/esosder.526335</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Studies on Education</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF A HIGHER EDUCATION DISTANCE EAP COURSE BY USING THE ADDIE MODEL</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>YÜKSEK ÖĞRETİMDE  UZAKTAN EĞİTİM  YOLUYLA AKADEMİK AMAÇLARA YÖNELİK KURSUN  ADDIE MODELİ KULLANILARAK  HAZIRLANMASI VE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3224-7609</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Koc</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ebru</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>INONU UNIVERSITY</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20200126">
                    <day>01</day>
                    <month>26</month>
                    <year>2020</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>19</volume>
                                        <issue>73</issue>
                                        <fpage>522</fpage>
                                        <lpage>531</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20190212">
                        <day>02</day>
                        <month>12</month>
                        <year>2019</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20191226">
                        <day>12</day>
                        <month>26</month>
                        <year>2019</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2002, Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2002</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Due to inadequate support, most university students have difficultywith writing academic texts, such as research articles and dissertations.Therefore, the aim of this research is to design a web-based academic writing coursefor university students by usingthe ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development,Implementation and Evaluation)model, which is supported by individualinstructional and socio-cultural theories on the design of online instruction.The first group of participants in the study included undergraduate andgraduate students studying in a variety of departments at a state university inTurkey. The second group of participants included university instructors. Todiagnose the needs of the students, semi-structured questions were askedininterview sessions.Additionally, a questionnaire was used. Afterdiagnosis of the students’academic writing needs,course content andmaterials were designed for topicssuch as formality, paraphrasing, and theIMRaD (Introduction, Method Results and Discussion) model. The data collected withthe questionnaire were analysed through item analysis. The frequencies andpercentages of responses to each item in the questionnaire werecalculated.Content analysis was used to analyse the transcribedinterview data. Thefindings elucidate how the current academic online courses can be implemented moreefficiently.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Üniversite öğrencilerinin bir çoğu yeterli desteğialamadıkları için araştırma makalesi, araştırma önerisi, makale, ve tez gibiakademik textlerin hazımında zorlanmaktadır.Bu çalışmanın amacı ADDIE ( İhtiyaçAnalizi, Dizayn, Geliştirme, Uygulama,değerlendirme) modelini kullanaraküniversite öğrencilerinin akademik yazımbilgi ve becerilerini geliştirmeye yönelik geliştirilen web-tabanlı akademik yazım kursunun geliştirme, uygulama vedeğerlendirme süreçlerini açıklamaktir.. Çalışmanınbirinci grup katılımcılarını Turkiyedeki bir devlet üniversitesinde kursa kayıtolan lisans ve lisansüstü öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır... Diğer katılımcı grup is bu üniversite öğretim elemanlarınıkapsamaktadır. Çalışmanın ilk aşaması olan ‘ihtiyac analizi’ safhasında,öğrencilere yarı yapılandıırlmış sorular sorularak akademik yazım ile ilgiliihtiyaçları belirlenmiştir. Verileriçerik analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Bunun yanında araştırmacı tarafındangeliştirilen bir anket hem öğrenci hem de öğretim elemanları grubundakikatılımcılara uygulanmıştır. Öğrencilerin ihtiyacları belirlendikten sonraprogram içeriği ve kullanılacak ders materyallari geliştirilmiş ,programuzaktan öğretim formatında uygulanmış,ve program sonrası katılımcılarla yüzyüzgörüşmeler yapılarak programın etkililiği değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlarkatılımcıların bir çoğunun programla ilgili positif dönüt verdiğinigöstermiştir. Ayrıca, programındaha etkili olabilmesi için katılımcıların önerilerini debelirtilmiştir.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>academic writing</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  distance</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  university students</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>: akademik yazım</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  uzaktan öğrenim</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  üniversite öğrencileri</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Al Fadda, H. (2012). Difficulties in academic writing: From the perspective of King Saud University postgraduate students. English Language Teaching, 5(3),123-130</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Allen, E. .and  Seaman, J. (2013).. Changing course: ten years of tracking online education in the United States. Retrived from http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED541571.pdf . 28 May 2018.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Archer,A..L. and  Hughes, C.A. (2011).. Explicit instruction: Effective and efficient teaching.  New York: Guilford Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Blue, G.M. (1993). Nothing succeeds like linguistic competence: The role of language in academic success. Review of English Language Teaching, 3, 4-13.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Carrasco, B. and  Johnson,S. M.(2015).. Hybrid language teaching in practice: perceptions, reactions, and results. New York: Springer.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Chang, C. &amp; Kuo C. (2011). A corpus-based approach to online materials development for writing research articles. English for Specific Purposes, 30, 222-234.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ferguson, G., Pérez-Llantada, C., Plo, R. (2011) English as an international language of scientific publication: a study of attitudes.World Englishes,30,1, 41-59.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Flowerdew, J. (1999). Problems in writing for scholarly publication in English: The case of Hong Kong. Journal of Second Language Writing, 3, 243-264.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hess, S. T. M. (2012). The relationship between academic writing experience and academic publishing for graduate physics students. Unpublished  doctoral dissertation,. Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dick, W., and Carey, L. (2004). The systematic design of instruction. Allyn &amp; Bacon; 6 edition.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Garbus, J. (2005) Tutoring graduate students in the writing centre. Academic Exchange Quarterly, 9(3),172-175.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Issa, N., Schuller, M., Santacaterina, S., Shapiro, M., Wang, E., Mayer, R. E., and Da Rosa, D. A. (2011). Applying multimedia design principles enhances learning in medical education. Medical Education, 45, 818–826.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Khalil, M. K.  and . Elkhider, I.A.  ( 2016).. Aplying learning theories and instructional design models for effective instruction. Advances in Physiology Education, 40, 147-156.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hall, A. (2007). Vygotsky hoes online: Learning design from a Socio-cultural perspective, learning and socio-cultural theory: Exploring modern Vygotskian. International Workshop, 1(1), 94-107.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">.Hannover Research Report (2011). Distance Education Models and Best Practices. Retrevieved fromhttps://www.imperial.edu/ivc/files/Distance_Education_Models_and_Best_Practices.pdf . on  15 April 2018.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Jordan, R.R. (1999). Academic writing course: Study skills in English. – Essex: Pearson Education Ltd.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Keong, C.Y ., &amp; Mussa, H.I. (2015). Academic writing difficulties of Iraqi postgraduate students in Malaysia. International Journal of Education and Research, 3,</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kim, K. J., &amp; Bonk, C. J. (2006). The future of online teaching and learning in higher education: The Survey Says...Educause Quarterly, 29(4)</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kim, Kyong-Jee. and Curtis J. Bonk. (2006) The Future of Online Teaching and Learning in Higher Education.  The Survey Says.”  Educause Quarterly, 29(4),22-30  Retrieved from    https://er.educause.edu/~/media/files/article-downloads/eqm0644.pdf    on 10 April 2018.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kotzee, B., &amp; Johnston, R. (2011). Can&#039;t string a sentence together&quot;? UK employers&#039; views of graduates&#039; writing skills. Industry and Higher Education, 25(1), 45-52.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kwan, B.S.C. (2008) The nexus of reading, writing and researching in the doctoral undertaking of humanities and social sciences: Implications for literature reviewing. English for Specific Purposes, 27 (1), 42–56.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kim, K. J., &amp; Bonk, C. J. (2006). The future of online teaching and learning in higher education: The Survey Says...Educause Quarterly, 29(4).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Langum, Virginia. and Kirk,Sullivan.(2017). Writing academic English as a doctoral student in Sweden: Narrative perspectives.  Journal of Second Language Writing,.35,, 20-25.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Levinson, A.(2010).  Where is evidence-based instructional design in medical education curriculum development?.Medical Education, 44, 536–537.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Liu, M., &amp; Braine G. (2005). Cohesive features in argumentative writing produced by Chinese undergraduates. System, 33, 623-636.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Melles, G. (2008). Teaching critical appraisal skills to postgraduate, English as a second language, engineering students. Australasian Journal of Engineering Education, 14(2), 23-32.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Negretti, R. and Kuteeva, M.(2011).  Fostering metacognitive genre awareness in L2 academic  reading and writing: A case study of pre-service English teachers. Journal of Second  Language Writing, 2, 95-110.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Okamura, A. (2006). Two types of strategies used by Japanese scientists, when writing research articles in English. System, 34, 68-79.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Paltridge, B. (2018). Graduate student writing. In J. I. Liontas (Ed.), The TESOL encyclopaedia of English language teaching. Malden, MA:</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Prast, E.J.;Weijer-Bergsma, E. van de;Kroesbergen, E.H.;Luit, J.E.H. van. (2018). Differentiated instruction in primary mathematics: Effects of teacher professional development on student achievement.  Learning and Instruction, 54, 22-34.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rivera, J.H.. (2017). The blended learning environment: A viable alternative for special needs Students. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 5(2), 79-84.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rubio, F., &amp; Thoms, J. J. (2012). Hybrid language teaching and learning: Looking forward. In F. Rubio &amp; J. J. Thoms (Eds.), Hybrid language teaching and learning: Exploring, pedagogical and curricular issues (pp. 1–9). Boston, MA: Heinle Cengage Learning.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Scott, S.E. &amp; Palincsar, A.S. (2009). Sociocultural theory .In M. Anderman &amp; L. H. Anderman (Eds.) Psychology of classroom learning: An encyclopaedia. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Siragusa, L. (2006). Quality e-learning: An instructional design model for online learning in higher education. Western Australian Institute for Educational Research Forum.  Perth: Edith Cowan University.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Shaw, P. (1991). Science research students’ composing processes. English for Specific Purposes, 10, 189 –206.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tomlinson, C..A. (2014).The differentiated classroom (2nd ed.). ASCD, Alexandria, VA.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press Yugianingrum (2010). Producing an English academic paper: Process, problems, and solutions, US-China Foreign Language, 8, 39-49.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
