Gebelerde Hepatit B, Hepatit C ve HIV Seroprevalansı; Altı yıllık deneyim

Yıl 2020, , 89 - 95, 30.09.2020

İbrahim Kale , Rahime Bayık , Semra Kavas

https://doi.org/10.46969/ezh.742307

Öz

Amaç: 01 Ocak 2014 ile 31 Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında Ümraniye Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nin gebe polikliniğine başvuran gebelerdeki Hepatit B (HBV), Hepatit C (HCV) ve İnsan İmmunyetmezlik Virüsü (HIV) seroprevalansını belirlemek ve yıllara göre vakaların dağılımını ortaya çıkarmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Hastanemizin gebe polikliniğine başvuran gebelerden alınan kan örneklerinden çalışılan Hepatit B yüzey antijen (HBsAg), Hepatit B yüzey antijen antikoru (Anti-HBs), Hepatit C virüs antikoru (Anti-HCV) ve HIV antikoru (Anti-HIV) sonuçları hastane kayıtlarından retrospektif olarak tarandı. Anti-HIV reaktivitesi olan hastalara yapılan Line Immunassay doğrulama testi sonuçlarına hastane kayıtlarından ulaşıldı.
Bulgular: 11,263 gebede Anti-HBs bakılmış, 3898 gebede sonuç pozitif olarak gelmiştir (%34,61), 55,639 gebede HBsAg bakılmış, 822 gebede sonuç pozitif olarak gelmiştir (%1,48), 47,990 gebede Anti-HCV bakılmış, 159 gebede (%0,33) sonuç pozitif olarak gelmiştir. 44,107 gebede Anti-HIV bakılmış, 40 gebede sonuç reaktif olarak gelmiştir (%0,09). Anti-HIV reaktif gelen 40 gebede doğrulama line immunassay yöntemi ile yapılmıştır ve 5 gebede HIV enfeksiyonu kesin olarak doğrulanmıştır (%0,01). 2014 ile 2019 yılları arasında yıllara sırası ile göre seropozitiflik oranları Anti-HBs için %26,16, %28,94, %32,20, %34,82, %39,66, %41,73; HBsAg için %1,54, %1,52, %1,46, %1,53, %1,45, %1,36; Anti-HCV için %0,25, %0,40, %0,32, %0,39, %0,29, %0,32 ve Anti-HIV için %0 %0,07, %0,13, %0,07, %0,15, %0,17 olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Antenatal dönemde gebeler HBV, HCV ve HIV açısından taranmalıdır. HCV ve HIV için gebelikte erken tanı ve tedavi enfeksiyonların uzun dönem komplikasyonlarının önlenmesi ve anneden bebeğe olan geçişin azaltılması için önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antenatal tarama, gebelik, Hepatit B Virüsü, Hepatit C Virüsü, İnsan İmmun Yetmezlik Virüsü

Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV seroprevalence in pregnant women: Six years of experience.

Öz

Aim: To determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in pregnant women who presented to the pregnancy outpatient clinic at Umraniye Training and Research Hospital between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019, and to reveal the distribution of cases by year.
Material and method: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antigen-antibody (Anti-HBs), hepatitis C virus antibody (Anti-HCV), and HIV antibody (Anti-HIV) results from blood samples taken from pregnant women admitted to our hospital’s pregnancy outpatient clinic were retrospectively scanned. The results of the line immunoassay validation test performed on patients with Anti-HIV reactivity were obtained from hospital records.
Results: Anti-HBs values were examined in 11,263 pregnant women, and positive results were found in 3,898 (34.61%). HBsAg values were examined in 55,639 pregnant women, with positive results in 822 (1.48%). Anti-HCV values were examined in 47,990 pregnant women, and the results were positive in 159 (0.33%). Anti-HIV values were examined in 44,107 pregnant women, and the result was found to be reactive in 40 (0.09%). HIV infection was confirmed in 5 pregnant women (0.01%). The seropositivity rates by year between 2014 and 2019 were 26.16%, 28.94%, 32.20%, 34.82%, 39.66%, and 41.73% for Anti-HBs; 1.54%, 1.52%, 1.46%, 1.53%, 1.45%, and 1.36% for HBsAg; 0.25%, 0.40%, 0.32%, 0.39%, 0.29%, and 0.32% for Anti-HCV; and 0%, 0.07%, 0.13%, 0.07%, 0.15%, and 0.17% for Anti-HIV.
Conclusion: During the antenatal period, pregnant women should be screened for HBV, HCV and HIV. Early diagnosis and treatment of HCV and HIV in pregnancy is vital to prevent long-term complications of infections and to reduce the transmission from the mother to the infant.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antenatal screening, pregnancy, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, Human immunodeficiency virus

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