Review of Energy Saving Phase Change Materials for Frozen Storage of Butchery Animal Meat and Meat Products

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 122 - 132, 30.09.2022

Tuğba Güngör Ertuğral

Öz

Raw meat creates an ideal environment for growth of microbial and mesophilic bacteria expecially due to nutrients and pH value. Therefore shelf life of meat is short. Cooling and freezing are generally used to prevent spoilage caused by microorganisms. Cold storage systems developed for this purpose are systems that cool with electricity and petroleum-derived fuels. Phase change materials (PCM), which have become the focus of attention in recent years, store the ambient heat for a certain period of time and protect the storage temperature by returning the latent heat energy stored to the environment in case the temperature decreases or increases. In addition, a cold storage with PCM feature supported by different systems (solar energy, wind energy, etc.) can provide 100% green energy system, energy efficiency and minimize damage to environment without using electricity and petroleum fuel. This study is a compilation research examining environmentally friendly organic salt solutions, commercialized PCMs and organic PCMs that can be used in food packaging or storage materials for cold and frozen storage of meat and meat products at temperatures between -12 and -30 ºC.

Anahtar Kelimeler

PCM, food safety, freezing storage, nanotecnology.

Kasaplık Hayvan Et ve Et Ürünlerinin Dondurulmuş Muhafazası için Enerji Tasarrufu Sağlayabilen Faz Değişim Malzemelerinin Gözden Geçirilmesi

Öz

Çiğ et, içerdiği besin maddeleri ve pH değerinin uygunluğu sebebi ile mikrobiyal ve özellikle de mezofilik bakteri gelişimine ideal ortamı oluşturması sebebiyle raf ömrü kısa olan gıda maddelerinden biridir. Mikroorganizma kaynaklı bozulmaların önüne geçmek amacıyla genelde soğutma ve dondurarak saklama işlemleri uygulanmaktadır. Bu amaçla geliştirilen soğuk hava depoları elektrik ve petrol türevi yakıtlarla soğutan sistemlerdir. Son yıllarda ilgi odağı olan faz değişim materyali (FDM) ise belirli bir süre ortam ısısını depolar ve sıcaklık değişimlerinde bu enerjiyi ortama geri vererek muhafaza sıcaklığını koruyabilir. Ayrıca farklı sistemlerle (güneş enerjisi, rüzgâr enerjisi vb.) desteklenen FDM özellikli bir soğuk hava deposu elektrik ve petrol yakıtı kullanmaksızın %100 yeşil enerji sistemi enerji verimliliği sağlayarak çevreye verilebilecek zararı en aza indirebilir. Bu çalışma, -12 ile -30 ºC arasındaki sıcaklıklarda et ve et ürünlerinin soğukta ve dondurarak saklanmasında gıda ambalajları veya depo materyallerinde uygulanabilir çevre dostu organik tuz çözeltileri, ticarileştirilmiş FDM’ler ve organik FDM’leri inceleyen derleme niteliğinde bir araştırmadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

FDM, gıda güvenliği, dondurarak depolama, nanoteknoloji

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