Invasive micropapillary type male breast cancer: a case report

Abstract

Male breast cancer is rarely seen and peaks at the age of 71. Hyperestrogenism, gonadal dysfunction, obesity, and alcohol are among the risk factors for male breast cancer. In hereditary cases, BRCA2 mutation is often observed. The most common symptom is a painless mass that is palpable behind the nipple. Most male breast cancers are ductal carcinomas (81%), papillary carcinomas (13%), and mucinous carcinomas (6%). The invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast is important due to its high rate of lymphnode metastasis, recurrence, and distant metastasis. Mortality is 50% higher in men with lymphnode involvement compared to non-involved cases. Furthermore, as the number of affected lymphnodes increases, the prognos is worsens. In this study, we examined a case of invasive micropapillary type male breast cancer with clinical presentation as a palpable mass, lymphnode involvement, and aimed to highlight the radiological considerations that need attention.

Keywords

• Breast cancer
• male breast cancer
• micropapillary type cancer

References

1. 1. Fentiman IS, Fourquet A, Hortobagyi GN. Male breast cancer. Lancet. 2006;367(9510):595-604. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68226-3.
2. 2. Giordano SH, Cohen DS, Buzdar AU, Perkins G, Hortobagyi GN. Breast carcinoma in men: a population-based study. Cancer. 2004;101(1):51-57. doi: 10.1002/cncr.20312.
3. 3. Johansen Taber KA, Morisy LR, Osbahr AJ 3rd, Dickinson BD. Male breast cancer: risk factors, diagnosis, and management (Review). Oncol Rep. 2010;24(5):1115-1120. doi: 10.3892/or_00000962.
4. 4. Appelbaum AH, Evans GF, Levy KR, Amirkhan RH, Schumpert TD. Mammographic appearances of male breast disease. Radiographics. 1999;19(3):559-568. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.19.3.g99ma01559.
5. 5. Dizen H, Karayiğit A, Özdemir DB, et al. [Clinical and pathological characteristics in male breast cancer: examination of 16 cases]. Ankara Eğt Arş Hast Derg. 2021; 54(2): 321-325. doi: 10.20492/aeahtd.932468.
6. 6. Siriaunkgul S, Tavassoli FA. Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast. Mod Pathol. 1993 Nov;6(6):660-2.
7. 7. Tan PH, Ellis I, Allison K, et al; WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board. The 2019 World Health Organization classification of tumours of the breast. Histopathology. 2020;77(2):181-185. doi: 10.1111/his.14091.
8. 8. Günhan-Bilgen I, Zekioglu O, Ustün EE, Memis A, Erhan Y. Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast: clinical, mammographic, and sonographic findings with histopathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002;179(4):927-931. doi: 10.2214/ajr.179.4.1790927.

9. 9. Luna-Moré S, Gonzalez B, Acedo C, Rodrigo I, Luna C. Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast. A new special type of invasive mammary carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract. 1994;190(7):668-674. doi: 10.1016/S0344-0338(11)80745-4.
10. 10. Fu L, Ikuo M, Fu XY, Liu TH, Shinichi T. [Relationship between biologic behavior and morphologic features of invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi. 2004;33(1):21-25. [Article in Chinese]
11. 11. Yalaza M, İnan A, Bozer M. Male Breast Cancer. J Breast Health. 2016;12(1):1-8. doi: 10.5152/tjbh.2015.2711.
12. 12. Giordano SH, Buzdar AU, Hortobagyi GN. Breast cancer in men. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137(8):678-687. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-137-8-200210150-00013.
13. 13. Guinee VF, Olsson H, Moller T, et al. The prognosis of breast cancer in males. A report of 335 cases. Cancer. 1993;71(1):154-161. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19930101)71:1<154::aid-cncr2820710125>3.0.co;2-#.
14. 14. Anderson WF, Althuis MD, Brinton LA, Devesa SS. Is male breast cancer similar or different than female breast cancer? Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2004;83(1):77-86. doi: 10.1023/B:BREA.0000010701.08825.2d.
15. 15. Friedman LS, Gayther SA, Kurosaki T, et al. Mutation analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in a male breast cancer population. Am J Hum Genet. 1997;60(2):313-319.
16. 16. Gokce H, Durak MG, Akin MM, et al. Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast: a clinicopathologic study of 103 cases of an unusual and highly aggressive variant of breast carcinoma. Breast J. 2013;19(4):374-381. doi: 10.1111/tbj.12128.
17. 17. Tsushimi T, Mori H, Harada T, Ikeda Y, Ohnishi H. Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast in a male patient: Report of a case. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2013;4(11):988-991. doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2013.09.001.
18. 18. Coyle EA, Taj H, Comba I, Vasquez J, Zayat V. Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma: A Rare Case of Male Breast Cancer. Cureus. 2020;12(9):e10571. doi:10.7759/cureus.10571.