A bibliometric analysis of studies conducted over the last 10 years on cardiovascular disease risk identification and prevention in primary care

Abstract

Objective: This bibliometric analysis was conducted to determine the trends of studies on cardiovascular disease risk identification and prevention in primary care from 2013 to 2024 and visualize the latest developments.

Methods: The data were collected in February-March 2024 from the database “Web of Science Core Collection,” the analysis was carried out using the VOSviewer program. The change in the number of publications of the published articles by year, author, country, and institution citation analyses, country, institution, and author collaboration analyses, journal and author co-citation analyses, and keyword analyses were evaluated.

Results: Five hundred and ninety-two authors from 64 countries and 377 institutions contributed to 443 studies published in 80 journals between 2013 and 2024 on determining and preventing cardiovascular disease risk in primary care. "BMC Family Practice" was the journal in which most articles were published, and "Circulation" was the most cited. The first three countries that support published articles most are the United States, England, and Australia. Focusing on the topics "blood-pressure control", "coronary-artery calcium", "physician-pharmacist collaboration", "low-density lipoprotein cholesterol", "health-risk assessment", "pollution", "primary care", "coronary heart disease", "prevention", "cardiovascular disease" and "mortality" will help fill the gap in the field.

Conclusions: This bibliometric analysis has shown increasing interest in studies related to cardiovascular disease risk and prevention in primary care. Primary prevention guidelines are important resources in addressing risk factors. Global collaborations and long-term studies are necessary in this field, led by developed countries with a high disease burden.

Keywords

• Cardiovascular diseases
• bibliometrics
• primary care
• CVD risk
• risk identification
• risk prevention
• data visualization

References

1. 1. World Health Organization. Cardiovascular diseases 2024 [cited 2024 February 9]. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/cardiovascular-diseases#tab=tab_1.
2. 2. Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, et al; GBD-NHLBI-JACC Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Writing Group. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990-2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76(25):2982-3021. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.010.
3. 3. Joseph P, Leong D, McKee M, et al. Reducing the Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease, Part 1: The Epidemiology and Risk Factors. Circ Res. 2017;121(6):677-694. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.308903.
4. 4. World Health Organization. Prevention of cardiovascular disease: guidelines for assessment and management of total cardiovascular risk. Geneva: World Health Organization press; 2007.
5. 5. Otgontuya D, Oum S, Palam E, Rani M, Buckley BS. Individual-based primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in Cambodia and Mongolia: early identification and management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:254. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-254.
6. 6. Damen JA, Hooft L, Schuit E, et al. Prediction models for cardiovascular disease risk in the general population: systematic review. BMJ. 2016;353:i2416. doi: 10.1136/bmj.i2416.
7. 7. Lloyd-Jones DM, Wilson PW, Larson MG, et al. Framingham risk score and prediction of lifetime risk for coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol. 2004;94(1):20-24. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.03.023.
8. 8. Conroy RM, Pyörälä K, Fitzgerald AP, et al; SCORE project group. Estimation of ten-year risk of fatal cardiovascular disease in Europe: the SCORE project. Eur Heart J. 2003;24(11):987-1003. doi: 10.1016/s0195-668x(03)00114-3.

9. 9. Piepoli MF, Hoes AW, Agewall S, et al. 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts) Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Atherosclerosis. 2016 Sep;252:207-274. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.05.037.
10. 10. Mosca L, Benjamin EJ, Berra K, et al; American Heart Association. Effectiveness-based guidelines for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in women--2011 update: a guideline from the American Heart Association. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57(12):1404-1423. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.02.005.
11. 11. Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, et al; Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice; European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Atherosclerosis. 2012;223(1):1-68. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.05.007.
12. 12. ESC Kılavuzları. Avrupa Klinik Uygulamada Kardiyovasküler Hastal›klardan Korunma K›lavuzu: Özet. Türk Kardiyol Dern Ars.2008;Suppl 1:153-192
13. 13. Maroney K, Laurent J, Alvarado F, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of church-based interventions to improve cardiovascular disease risk factors. Am J Med Sci. 2023;366(3):199-208. doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2023.05.010.
14. 14. Gaziano TA. Reducing the growing burden of cardiovascular disease in the developing world. Health Aff (Millwood). 2007;26(1):13-24. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.26.1.13.
15. 15. Pennant M, Davenport C, Bayliss S, Greenheld W, Marshall T, Hyde C. Community programs for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review. Am J Epidemiol. 2010;172(5):501-516. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwq171.
16. 16. Soltani S, Saraf-Bank S, Basirat R, et al. Community-based cardiovascular disease prevention programmes and cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health. 2021;200:59-70. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.09.006.
17. 17. Erhan T, Dirik D, Eryilmaz İ. [A Bibliometric Analysis using VOSviewer of Publications on Post-Truth]. Sosyal Mucit Academic Review. 2023;4(2):164-88. doi: 10.54733/smar.1271369 [Article in Turkish]
18. 18. Donthu N, Kumar S, Pandey N, Lim W. (2021). Research Constituents, Intellectual Structure, and Collaboration Patterns in Journal of International Marketing: An Analytical Retrospective. J Int Market. 2021;29(2):1-25. doi: 10.1177/1069031X211004234.
19. 19. Donthu N, Kumar S, Mukherjee D, Pandey N, Lim WM. How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines. J Bus Res. 2021;133:285-296. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070.
20. 20. Eck NJv, Waltman L. VOSviewer Manual. 2023.
21. 21. Aria M, Cuccurullo C. bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. J Informetrics. 2017;11(4):959-975. doi: 10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007
22. 22. Flora GD, Nayak MK. A Brief Review of Cardiovascular Diseases, Associated Risk Factors and Current Treatment Regimes. Curr Pharm Des. 2019;25(38):4063-4084. doi: 10.2174/1381612825666190925163827.
23. 23. Kumar S. Ethical Concerns in the Rise of Co-Authorship and Its Role as a Proxy of Research Collaborations. Publications. 2018;6(3):37. doi: 10.3390/publications6030037
24. 24. American Heart Association (AHA). CDC Prevention Programs 2024 [cited 2024 March 12]. Available from: https://www.heart.org/en/get-involved/advocate/federal-priorities/cdc-prevention-programs.
25. 25. Health AIo, Welfare. Prevention of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and chronic kidney disease: targeting risk factors. Canberra: AIHW; 2009
26. 26. Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, et al. 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019;140(11):e596-e646. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678.
27. 27. Zhang K, Brook RD, Li Y, Rajagopalan S, Kim JB. Air Pollution, Built Environment, and Early Cardiovascular Disease. Circ Res. 2023;132(12):1707-1724. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.123.322002.
28. 28. Wang L, Wang S, Song C, et al. Bibliometric analysis of residual cardiovascular risk: trends and frontiers. J Health Popul Nutr. 2023;42(1):132. doi: 10.1186/s41043-023-00478-z.
29. 29. GBD 2017 Risk Factor Collaborators. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet. 2018;392(10159):1923-1994. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32225-6.
30. 30. GBD 2013 Risk Factors Collaborators. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015;386(10010):2287-323. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00128-2.
31. 31. Micha R, Peñalvo JL, Cudhea F, Imamura F, Rehm CD, Mozaffarian D. Association Between Dietary Factors and Mortality From Heart Disease, Stroke, and Type 2 Diabetes in the United States. JAMA. 2017;317(9):912-924. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.0947.