Risk Assessment and Skin Test Outcomes in Contrast Media Hypersensitivity: A Single-Center Study

Filiz Sadi Aykan; Fatih Çölkesen; Mehmet Kılınç; Recep Evcen; Eray Yıldız; Ferhat Sağun; Şevket Arslan

doi:10.18621/eurj.1798798

Risk Assessment and Skin Test Outcomes in Contrast Media Hypersensitivity: A Single-Center Study

Abstract

Objectives: Contrast media can cause adverse reactions ranging from mild skin symptoms to anaphylaxis. Although the pathophysiology is not fully understood, various risk factors have been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors and skin tests in patients experiencing hypersensitivity reactions to contrast media.

Methods: A total of 52 patients were included in the study. Patients experiencing contrast media-induced hypersensitivity reactions were evaluated for demographic and clinical characteristics, the type of contrast media used, and skin tests. They were compared with patients without a history of reactions. The patient group experiencing reactions was further divided into two groups: those with and without atopic disease.

Results: The patient group experiencing reactions was older. Comorbidity was high, and cardiovascular disease was the most common. Reactions were most frequently immediate and grade 1 and 2 in severity. The skin was most commonly affected, and anaphylaxis was detected in 28.6%. Approximately one-third had comorbid atopic disease, and respiratory system diseases and Hashimoto's thyroiditis were significantly more common in this group. In the group without comorbid atopic disease, malignancy and psychiatric disorders were more common, but not significantly so. Skin tests were negative in all groups.

Conclusions: Hypersensitivity reactions related to contrast medium use are increasing. Unnecessary examinations and tests cause delays in patient follow-up and treatment. All physicians must recognize and appropriately manage patients and reactions at high risk for contrast medium-related hypersensitivity reactions. We believe our study will contribute to the literature in managing and raising awareness of these reactions.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the Necmettin Erbakan University Non-Drugs and Medical Device Research Ethics Committee (Decision No: 2023/4679-188; date: 15.12.2023). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Informed consent was waived because of the retrospective nature of the study and the analysis used anonymous clinical data.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Allergy

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Filiz Sadi Aykan ^*
0000-0002-8941-5573
Türkiye

Fatih Çölkesen
0000-0002-6595-1267
Türkiye

Mehmet Kılınç
0000-0003-1117-6872
Türkiye

Recep Evcen
0000-0002-6124-5816
Türkiye

Eray Yıldız
0000-0002-9596-1773
Türkiye

Ferhat Sağun
0000-0003-3752-8469
Türkiye

Şevket Arslan
0000-0002-0343-0159
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

December 2, 2025

Publication Date

January 4, 2026

Submission Date

October 7, 2025

Acceptance Date

November 8, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 12 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.1798798

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA44MK78MZ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

AMA

1.Sadi Aykan F, Çölkesen F, Kılınç M, et al. Risk Assessment and Skin Test Outcomes in Contrast Media Hypersensitivity: A Single-Center Study. Eur Res J. 2026;12(1):97-107. doi:10.18621/eurj.1798798