Impact of Ovarian Cyst Size on Pregnancy Course and Neonatal Outcomes: Does Size Really Matter?

Dilara Duygulu Bulan; Ruken Dayanan; Merve Ayas Ozkan; Rıfat Taner Aksoy; Ali Turhan Çağlar

doi:10.18621/eurj.1829890

Impact of Ovarian Cyst Size on Pregnancy Course and Neonatal Outcomes: Does Size Really Matter?

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of benign ovarian cyst size on maternal and neonatal outcomes by comparing pregnancies complicated by cysts of different diameters.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 266 pregnant women diagnosed with benign ovarian cysts were categorized into three groups according to cyst diameter: <5 cm, 5–10 cm, and >10 cm. Maternal characteristics, pregnancy complications, delivery outcomes, and neonatal parameters were analyzed. Composite adverse perinatal outcomes (CAPO) included prematurity, low Apgar scores, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, and neonatal morbidities.

Results: Most small cysts (<5 cm) regressed spontaneously, while larger cysts showed significantly higher rates of complications. Cysts >10 cm were associated with increased risks of preterm delivery (23.1%), composite adverse perinatal outcomes (26.9%), and higher incidences of torsion, rupture, and surgical intervention (P<0.05 for all). No significant differences were found among groups regarding Apgar scores, NICU admission, or neonatal morbidities.

Conclusions: While benign ovarian cysts generally do not impair pregnancy outcomes, cyst size is a key determinant of risk. Cysts >10 cm carry a markedly higher likelihood of maternal complications and adverse perinatal outcomes, supporting closer surveillance and individualized, size-based management strategies.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the Ankara Etlik City Hospital Scientific Research Evaluation Ethics Committee No. 2 (Decision No: AEŞH-BADEK2-2025-318; date: 05.08.2025). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Informed consent was waived because of the retrospective nature of the study and the analysis used anonymous clinical data.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Dilara Duygulu Bulan ^*
0000-0001-9983-2306
Türkiye

Ruken Dayanan
0000-0002-8192-8841
Türkiye

Merve Ayas Ozkan
0000-0002-2437-9719
Türkiye

Rıfat Taner Aksoy
0000-0003-3931-4835
Türkiye

Ali Turhan Çağlar
0000-0002-7022-3029
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

January 6, 2026

Publication Date

March 1, 2026

Submission Date

November 25, 2025

Acceptance Date

January 4, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 12 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.1829890

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA29PC97ZR

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Duygulu Bulan, D., Dayanan, R., Ayas Ozkan, M., Aksoy, R. T., & Çağlar, A. T. (2026). Impact of Ovarian Cyst Size on Pregnancy Course and Neonatal Outcomes: Does Size Really Matter? The European Research Journal, 12(3), 297-304. https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.1829890

AMA

1.Duygulu Bulan D, Dayanan R, Ayas Ozkan M, Aksoy RT, Çağlar AT. Impact of Ovarian Cyst Size on Pregnancy Course and Neonatal Outcomes: Does Size Really Matter? Eur Res J. 2026;12(3):297-304. doi:10.18621/eurj.1829890

Chicago

Duygulu Bulan, Dilara, Ruken Dayanan, Merve Ayas Ozkan, Rıfat Taner Aksoy, and Ali Turhan Çağlar. 2026. “Impact of Ovarian Cyst Size on Pregnancy Course and Neonatal Outcomes: Does Size Really Matter?”. The European Research Journal 12 (3): 297-304. https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.1829890.

EndNote

Duygulu Bulan D, Dayanan R, Ayas Ozkan M, Aksoy RT, Çağlar AT (March 1, 2026) Impact of Ovarian Cyst Size on Pregnancy Course and Neonatal Outcomes: Does Size Really Matter? The European Research Journal 12 3 297–304.

IEEE

[1]D. Duygulu Bulan, R. Dayanan, M. Ayas Ozkan, R. T. Aksoy, and A. T. Çağlar, “Impact of Ovarian Cyst Size on Pregnancy Course and Neonatal Outcomes: Does Size Really Matter?”, Eur Res J, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 297–304, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.18621/eurj.1829890.

ISNAD

Duygulu Bulan, Dilara - Dayanan, Ruken - Ayas Ozkan, Merve - Aksoy, Rıfat Taner - Çağlar, Ali Turhan. “Impact of Ovarian Cyst Size on Pregnancy Course and Neonatal Outcomes: Does Size Really Matter?”. The European Research Journal 12/3 (March 1, 2026): 297-304. https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.1829890.

JAMA

1.Duygulu Bulan D, Dayanan R, Ayas Ozkan M, Aksoy RT, Çağlar AT. Impact of Ovarian Cyst Size on Pregnancy Course and Neonatal Outcomes: Does Size Really Matter? Eur Res J. 2026;12:297–304.

MLA

Duygulu Bulan, Dilara, et al. “Impact of Ovarian Cyst Size on Pregnancy Course and Neonatal Outcomes: Does Size Really Matter?”. The European Research Journal, vol. 12, no. 3, Mar. 2026, pp. 297-04, doi:10.18621/eurj.1829890.

Vancouver

1.Dilara Duygulu Bulan, Ruken Dayanan, Merve Ayas Ozkan, Rıfat Taner Aksoy, Ali Turhan Çağlar. Impact of Ovarian Cyst Size on Pregnancy Course and Neonatal Outcomes: Does Size Really Matter? Eur Res J. 2026 Mar. 1;12(3):297-304. doi:10.18621/eurj.1829890