Improvement of the cardiorespiratory endurance, perception of the effort and walking performance of the old people of the hospice Saint Marc of Kingasani by the practice of the adapted physical activities

Abstract

Objective: To verify the effects of functional rehabilitation associated with a program of physical activities adapted to the biomechanical parameters and perception of the effort of the elderly.

Methods: A longitudinal experimental study of 30 elderly people living in the old people's home was conducted during a 6-month period from July 2017 to January 2018. It consisted in evaluating the biomechanical parameters and perception of the effort of older people a functional rehabilitation program associated with the practice of adapted physical activities.The parametric t test of student was used to compare the averages of different parameters of study before and after the intervention program.The statistical test results used were interpreted at the p <0.05 significance level for statistical decision making.

Results: After 6 months of intervention, the elderly significantly improved their biomechanical parameters: balance (p = 0.002), rate (p < 0.01), walking speed (p = 0.03), strength and muscular strength of the limbs lower (p = 0.041), perception with effort (p = 0.03). This program also allowed them to reduce their risk of falling (p = 0.057) and to increase their motor autonomy (p = 0.003).

Conclusion: This study shows that a biomechanical evaluation associated with functional rehabilitation improves the balance and motor autonomy of the elderly, which leads to an improvement in their quality of life.

Keywords

• Endurance,perception of the effort,walking performance

References

1. [1] Vaillant J. Kinesitherapy and improvement of the control of the balance of the elderly subjects effects of cognitive treatments, manual and instrumental, Thesis, To obtain the degree of Doctor of the University Grenoble 1 - Joseph Fourier, December 6, 2004.
2. [2] Butler JP, Fujii M, Sasaki H. Balanced aging, or successful aging? Geriatr Gerontol Int 2011;11:1-2.
3. [3] Dargent G. Prevention of falls in the elderly. Leuven Med 1998.
4. [4] King AC. Interventions to promote physical activity by older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001;56 Spec No 2:36-46.
5. [5] Keegan TH, Kelsey JL, Sidney S, Quesenberry CP Jr. Foot problems as risk factors of fractures. Am J Epidemiol 2002;155:926-31.
6. [6] Pfitzenmeyer P. Assessment of the risk of falling. Physiotherapy, Masson, Paris, 2002.
7. [7] Lord SR, Menz HB, Sherrington C. Home environment risk factors for falls in older people and the effectiveness of home modifications. Age Aging 2006;35 Suppl 2:ii55-9.
8. [8] High Authority of Health, Recommendation for clinical practice. Prevention of accidental falls in the elderly. Argument, November 2005.

9. [9] Mathias S, Nayak US, Isaacs B. Balance in elderly patients: the "get-up and go" test. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1986;67:387-9.
10. [10] Salma SS, Coelho FGM, Gobbi S, Stella F. [Effects of physical activity on cognitive functions, balance and risk of falls in elderly patients with Alzheimer's dementia]. Rev Bras Fisioter 2010;14:68-74. [Article in Portuguese]
11. [11] Rydwik E, Frandin K, Akne G. Effects of physical training on physical performance in institutionalised elderly patients (70+) with multiple diagnoses. Age and Ageing 2004;33:13-23.
12. [12] Trost SG, Owen N, Bauman AE, Sallis JF, Brown W. Correlates of adults’ participation in physical activity: review and update. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002;34:1996-2001.
13. [13] Giaccardi Y, Laassel M. Evaluation of the risk of falling in EHPAD by GAITRite walking track, 3rd Annual Meeting of FFAMCO, 19 and 20 May 2015.
14. [14] Tinetti ME, McAvay G, Claus E. Does multiple risk factor reduction explain the reduction in fall rate in the Yale FICSIT Trial? Frailty and Injuries Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques. Am J Epidermiol 1996;144:389-99.
15. [15] Soares MA, Sacchelli T. [Effects of physical therapy on balance of elderly people]. Rev Neurocienc 2008;16:97-100. [Article in Portuguese]
16. [16] Robertson MC, Campbell AJ, Gardner MM, Devlin N. Preventing injuries in older people by a meta-analysis of individual-level data. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50:905-11.
17. [17] Kirby M, Denihan A, Bruce I, Coakley D, Lawlor BA. The clock drawing test in primary care: Sensitivity in dementia detection and speci fi city against normal and depressed elderly. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2001;16:935-40.
18. [18] Taylor A, Cable N, Faulkner G, Hillsdon M, Narici M, van der Bij A. Physical activity and older adults: a review of health benefits and the effectiveness of interventions. J Sports Sci 2004;22:703-25.
19. [19] Manckoundia P. Physiotherapy in Geriatrics, 3rd ed, Masson Paris, 2012.
20. [20] Straube A, Botzel K, Hawken M, Paulus W, Brandt T. Postural control in the ederly: differential effect of visual, vestibular and soma to sensory inputs. In: Amblard B, Berthoz A, Clarac F eds. Posture and gait: development, adaptation and modulation. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1988: 105,114.
21. [21] Kemoun G. Physiology of walking: Particularities in the elderly. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - The Letter. 2001.
22. [22] Saint-Jean O, Yvain F. Economic consequences of falls in elderly patients . In: The fall of the elderly. Jacquot JM, Strubel D, Pelissier J (Eds). Masson; Paris, 2011.
23. [23] Rivier E. Falls evaluation in geriatrics pocket guide, Rehabilitation Center of the Canton of Vaud Label CTR, Vaud, First edition - Vevey. 2007.
24. [24] Direction générale de la santé publique. La prévention des chutes dans un continuum de services pour les aînés vivant à domicile. Santé et Services sociaux du Québec, 2004.
25. [25] Buranello MC, Campos SA, Quemelo PR, Silva AV. Equilíbrio corporal e risco de quedaemidosas que praticamatividadesfísicas e sedentárias. Rev Bras Cienc Enve Hum 2011;8:313-23.
26. [26] Guerra Jimenez G, Perez Fernández N. Reduction in posterior semicirculargain by age in video head impulse testing. Observational study. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 2016;67:15-22.
27. [27] Horak FB, Wrisley DM, Frank J. The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) to differentiate balance deficits. Phys Ther 2009;89:484-98.