Early graft failure after coronary artery bypass grafting: diagnosis and treatment

Year 2016, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 85 - 92, 04.07.2016

Tamer Turk

https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.2016.5000183008

Abstract

Early postoperative graft failure after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is still a significant problem that results in high morbidity and mortality. Different therapeutic options are available to manage this complication which include reoperation, balloon angioplasty, angioplasty along with stenting and conservative medical management. Herein, we review the existing literature in diagnosis and treatment options for overcoming early graft failure immediately following CABG.

Keywords

Coronary artery bypass grafting, graft failure, percutaneous intervention

References

• FitzGibbon GM, Kafka HP, Leach AJ, Keon WJ, Hooper GD, Burton JR. Coronary bypass graft fate and patient outcome: angiographic follow-up of 5,065 grafts related to survival and reoperation in 1,388 patients during 25 years. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996;28:616-26.
• Khan NE, De Souza A, Mister R, Flather M, Clague J, Davies S, et al. A randomized comparison of off-pump and on-pump multivessel coronary artery bypass surgery. N Engl J Med 2004;350:21-8.
• Puskas JD, Williams WH, Mahoney EM, Huber PR, Block PC, Duke PG, et al. Off-pump vs conventional coronary artery bypass grafting: early and 1-year graft patency, cost, and quality-of-life outcomes: a randomized trial. JAMA 2004;291:1841-9.
• Fabricius AM, Gerber W, Hanke M, Garbade J, Autschbach R, Mohr FW. Early angiographic control of perioperative ischemia after coronary artery bypass grafting. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2001;19:853-8.
• Kim KB, Kim JS, Kang HJ, Koo BK, Kim HS, Oh BH, et al. Ten-year experience with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: lessons learned from early postoperative angiography. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010;139:256-62.
• Thielmann M, Massoudy P, Jaeger BR, Neuhauser M, Marggraf G, Sack S, et al. Emergency re-revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention, reoperation, or conservative treatment in patients with acute perioperative graft failure following coronary artery bypass surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2006;30:117-25.
• Wiklund L, Johansson M, Brandrup-Wognsen G, Bugge M, Radberg G, Berglin E. Difficulties in the interpretation of coronary angiogram early after coronary artery bypass surgery on the beating heart. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2000;17:46-51.
• Jokinen JJ, Werkkala K, Vainikka T, Perakyla T, Simpanen J, Ihlberg L. Clinical value of intra-operative transit-time flow measurement for coronary artery bypass grafting: a prospective angiography-controlled study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2011;39:918-23.
• Thielmann M, Massoudy P, Marggraf G, Knipp S, Schmermund A, Piotrowski J, et al. Role of troponin I, myoglobin, and creatine kinase for the detection of early graft failure following coronary artery bypass grafting. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2004;26:102-9.
• Thielmann M, Massoudy P, Schmermund A, Neuhauser M, Marggraf G, Kamler M, et al. Diagnostic discrimination between graft-related and non-graft-related perioperative myocardial infarction with cardiac troponin I after coronary artery bypass surgery. Eur Heart J 2005;26:2440-7.
• Rasmussen C, Thiis JJ, Clemmensen P, Efsen F, Arendrup H C, Saunamaki K, et al. Significance and management of early graft failure after coronary artery bypass grafting: feasibility and results of acute angiography and re-revascularization. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 1997;12:847-52.
• Holmvang L, Jurlander B, Rasmussen C, Thiis JJ, Grande P, Clemmensen P. Use of biochemical markers of infarction for diagnosing perioperative myocardial infarction and early graft occlusion after coronary artery bypass surgery. Chest 2002;121:103-11.
• Carrier M, Pellerin M, Perrault LP, Solymoss BC,Pelletier LC. Troponin levels in patients with myocardial infarction after coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg 2000;69:435-40.
• Lindahl B, Venge P, Wallentin L. Early diagnosis and exclusion of acute myocardial infarction using biochemical monitoring: The BIOMACS Study Group; biochemical markers of acute coronary syndromes. Coron Artery Dis 1995;6:321-8.
• Desai NDD, Miwa S, Kodama D, Koyama T, Cohen G, Pellitier MP, et al. A randomized comparison of intraoperative indocyanine green angiography and transit-time flow measurement to detect technical errors in coronary bypass grafts. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006;132:585-94.
• Di Giammarco G, Canosa C, Foschi M, Rabozzi R, Marinelli D, Masuyama S, et al. Intraoperative graft verification in coronary surgery: increased diagnostic accuracy adding high-resolution epicardial ultrasonography to transit-time flow measurement. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2014;45:e41-e45.
• Becit N, Erkut B, Ceviz M, Unlu Y, Colak A, Kocak H. The impact of intraoperative transit time flow measurement on the results of on-pump coronary surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2007;32:313-8.
• Singh SK, Desai ND, Chikazawa G, Tsuneyoshi H, Vincent J, Zagorski BM, et al . The Graft Imaging to Improve Patency (GRIIP) clinical trial results. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010;139:294-301.
• Handa T, Orihashi K, Nishimori H, Fukutomi T, Yamamoto M, Kondo N, et al. Maximal blood flow acceleration analysis in the early diastolic phase for in situ internal thoracic artery bypass grafts: a new transit-time flow measurement predictor of graft failure following coronary artery bypass grafting. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2015;20:449-57.
• Zhao DX, Leacche M, Balaguer J M, Boudoulas K D, Damp JA, Greelish JP, et al. Routine intraoperative completion angiography after coronary artery bypass grafting and 1-stop hybrid revascularization: results from a fully integrated hybrid catheterization laboratory/operating room. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009;53:232-41.
• Levine S, Mendoza CE, Virani SS, Barquet G, Purow J, Katariya K, et al. Rescue percutaneous coronary intervention for graft failure immediately after coronary artery bypass grafting: case report and review of literature. J Cardiac Surg 2008;23:709-12.
• Hanratty CG, Koyama Y, Ward MR. Angioplasty and stenting of the distal coronary anastomosis for graft failure immediately after coronary artery bypass grafting. Am J Cardiol 2002;90:1009-11.
• Laflamme M, DeMey N, Bouchard D, Carrier , Demers P, Pellerin M, et al. Management of early postoperative coronary artery bypass graft failure. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2012;14:452-456.
• Price MJ, Housman L, Teirstein PS. Rescue percutaneous coronary intervention early after coronary artery bypass grafting in the drug-eluting stent era. Am J Cardiol 2006;97:789-91.
• Petzold T, Feindt P, Sunderdiek U, Boeken U, Fischer Y, Gams E. Heart type fatty acid binding protein (hFABP) in the diagnosis of myocardial damage in coronary artery bypass grafting. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2001;19:859–64.
• Bhagavan NV, Lai EM, Rios PA, Yang J, Ortega-Lopez AM, Shinoda H, et al. Evaluation of human serum albumin cobalt binding assay for the assessment of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction. Clin Chem 2003;49:581-5.
• Sinha MK, Gaze DC, Tippins JR, Collinson PO, Kaski JC. Ischemia modified albumin is a sensitive marker of myocardial ischemia after percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation 2003;107:2403–5.
• Dauerman HL, Cutlip DE, Selke FW. Intracoronary thrombolysis in the treatment of graft closure immediately after CABG. Ann Thorac Surg 1996;62:280-3.