gummfd Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 1300-1884 1304-4915 Gazi Üniversitesi 10.17341/gazimmfd.1250678 Engineering Mühendislik Kimyasal metalurjide çevreci bir yaklaşım: Solvometalurji https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-2075 Çelik Kurtulan Çisem İSTANBUL TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4806-5797 Kaplan Şevki Samet İSTANBUL TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7371-6075 Güloğlu Elif İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ-CERRAHPAŞA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1684-5548 Orhan Gökhan İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ-CERRAHPAŞA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3830-9041 Gürmen Sebahattin İSTANBUL TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7766-1198 Sönmez Mehmet Şeref İSTANBUL TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 05 20 2024 39 4 2643 2654 02 15 2023 10 21 2023 Copyright © 1986, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 1986 Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi

Hidrometalurji metal ekstraksiyonunda sıkça kullanılan etkin ve bilinen bir yöntemdir. Ancak bu sistemlerde kullanılan yüksek miktarda su ve açığa çıkan atık asit miktarı sebebiyle, bilim dünyasında alternatif metot araştırma faaliyetleri her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu noktada literatür incelendiğinde yeşil kimya ve solvometalurji kavramının ön plana çıktığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada solvometalurjik yöntemlerde kullanılan yeşil çözücüler tanımlanmış, iyonik sıvılar ve ötektik altı çözücüler hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Solvometalurjik yöntemlerin birincil hammaddelere uygulandığı örneklere yer verilmiş, bu bağlamda nadir toprak elementlerinin ve bakırın solvometalurjik yöntemlerle eldesi üzerine detaylı açıklamalarda bulunulmuştur. İkincil kaynaklardan hareketle; atık lityum iyon pillerin, floresan lamba atıklarının, hurda NdFeB ve SmCo mıknatısların, maden atıklarından solvometalurjik yöntemler kullanılarak metallerin geri kazanılması hakkında detaylı bilgiler verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; solvometalurjinin hidrometalurjik temelli yöntemlere göre daha az su kullanımı başta olmak üzere üretimde kaynak kullanımını azaltma iddiası taşıdığı, solvometalurjik yöntemlerin uygulandığı birçok proseste gerek çözümlendirme verimleri, gerekse çözelti saflaştırma ve zenginleştirme oranlarının daha yüksek olduğu, bu yöntemlerin oda sıcaklığında çalışma olanağı ve geleneksel yöntemlerle karşılaştırıldığında çok daha düşük enerji tükettiği ifade edilmiştir. Solvometalurjik yöntemlerin araştırıldığı akademik çalışmaların önümüzdeki dönemlerde de artarak devam edeceğinin beklendiği, bununla birlikte yöntemin laboratuvar ölçeğinden yarı-endüstriyel hatta endüstriyel boyuta taşınmasına yönelik çalışmaların kısa-orta vadede artarak devam edeceğinin öngörüldüğü belirtilmiştir.

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