gummfd Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 1300-1884 1304-4915 Gazi Üniversitesi 10.17341/gazimmfd.1802830 Multiple Criteria Decision Making Industrial Engineering Packaging, Storage and Transportation (Excl. Food and Agricultural Products) Çok Ölçütlü Karar Verme Endüstri Mühendisliği Paketleme, Depolama ve Taşımacılık (Gıda ve Tarım Ürünleri hariç) Evaluation of sustainable last-mile delivery vehicles using the neutrosophic fuzzy SAW method Nötrosofik bulanık SAW yöntemi ile sürdürülebilir son adım teslimat araçlarının değerlendirilmesi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0008-5182 Elmacıoğlu Nimet https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-6666 Demirel Neslihan KAYSERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK, MİMARLIK VE TASARIM FAKÜLTESİ, ENDÜSTRİ MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ 03 31 2026 41 1 609 624 10 13 2025 01 23 2026 Copyright © 1986, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 1986 Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi

To mitigate traffic congestion, operational inefficiencies, and environmental externalities caused by conventional delivery vehicles in parcel distribution, sustainable and smart urban solutions, such as electric delivery vehicles, autonomous ground transporters, and cargo trams, have recently come to the fore. In this study, the Neutrosophic Fuzzy Simple Additive Weighting (NF-SAW) method is employed to evaluate sustainable last-mile delivery alternatives. The analysis is conducted based on fourteen criteria spanning environmental, economic, social, and operational dimensions. The results indicate that the highest criterion weights are assigned to energy savings (T4), development investments (T7), and air pollution (T5). Applying these weights in the decision-making process shows that autonomous ground vehicles (Alt4) achieve the highest overall performance, while conventional delivery methods (Alt1) rank the lowest. These findings reveal that autonomous, ground-based solutions align strongly with urban logistics sustainability objectives and underscore the need for policymakers to promote such innovative alternatives.

Paket teslimatında geleneksel taşıma araçlarının yol açtığı trafik sıkışıklığı, operasyonel verimsizlik ve çevresel dışsallıkları azaltmaya yönelik olarak son dönemde elektrikli teslimat araçları, otonom yer taşıtları ve kargo tramvayları gibi sürdürülebilir ve akıllı kentsel çözümler öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sürdürülebilir son adım teslimat alternatiflerinin değerlendirilmesinde Nötrosofik Bulanık Basit Toplamlı Ağırlıklandırma (NB-SAW) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Analiz çevresel, ekonomik, sosyal ve operasyonel boyutları kapsayan on dört kriter temelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre önem ağırlığı en yüksek kriterler; enerji tasarrufu (T4), geliştirme yatırımları (T7) ve hava kirliliği (T5) olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu ağırlıkların karar sürecine uygulanmasıyla yapılan performans sıralamasında otonom yer taşıtları (Alt4) en yüksek toplam performansı sergilerken geleneksel teslimat yöntemleri (Alt1) en düşük performansa sahip alternatif olarak belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, özellikle otonom kara tabanlı çözümlerin kentsel lojistikte sürdürülebilirlik hedefleriyle güçlü bir uyum gösterdiğini ve politika yapıcıların bu tür yenilikçi uygulamaları teşvik etmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

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