<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="reviewer-report"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>geosound</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Geosound</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1019-1003</issn>
                                                                                                        <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Çukurova Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>General Geology</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Genel Jeoloji</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Environmental Effects of Rare Earth Element (REE) Uranium</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Nadir Toprak Elementi (NTE)  Uranyumun Çevre Üzerine Olan Etkileri</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2015-2223</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Savcı</surname>
                                    <given-names>Serpil</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>YOZGAT BOZOK ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1167-0574</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kırat</surname>
                                    <given-names>Güllü</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>YOZGAT BOZOK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK-MİMARLIK FAKÜLTESİ, JEOLOJİ MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20221230">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2022</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>56</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>81</fpage>
                                        <lpage>91</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20220909">
                        <day>09</day>
                        <month>09</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20221220">
                        <day>12</day>
                        <month>20</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1986, Geosound</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1986</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Geosound</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Rare earth elements (REE) or lanthanides refer to 15 elements with atomic numbers from 57 to 71 in the periodic table. REEs, which are used in many areas from the aviation and automobile industry to mobile phones, spread easily to the environment and pose a great threat to the ecosystem due to their radioactive properties. Uranium is an element used for special requirements in industrial applications (petroleum, catalysis, etc.). When considered in terms of human health, uranium can cause cancer in bones, liver and lung. In this study, the environmental effects of Uranium, which is an important REE, and its risks on human health were evaluated.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Nadir toprak elementleri (NTE) veya lantanitler, periyodik cetvelde atom numaraları 57’den 71’e kadar olan 15 elementi ifade etmektedir. Havacılık ve otomobil sektöründen, cep telefonlarına kadar pek çok alanda kullanılan NTE’leri çevreye kolayca yayılmakta ve radyoaktif özelliklerinden dolayı ekosistem için büyük bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Uranyum endüstriyel uygulamalarda (petrol, kataliz vb.) özel gereksinimler için kullanılan bir elementtir. İnsan sağlığı açısından düşünüldüğünde ise Uranyum kemiklerde, karaciğer ve akciğerde kansere sebep olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada önemli bir NTE’i olan Uranyumun çevresel etkileri ve insan sağlığı üzerine olan riskleri değerlendirilmiştir.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Uranyum</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  NTE</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  çevre kirliliği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  insan sağlığı</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Uranium</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  REE</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  environmental pollution</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  human health</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                    <funding-group specific-use="FundRef">
                    <award-group>
                                                    <funding-source>
                                <named-content content-type="funder_name">yokyok</named-content>
                            </funding-source>
                                                                    </award-group>
                </funding-group>
                                </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aires, U.R.V., Santos, B.S.M., Coelho, C.D., da Silva, D.D., Calijuri, M.D., 2018. Changes in land use and land cover as a result of the failure of a mining tailings dam in Mariana, MG, Brazil. Land Use Pol. 70: 63–70.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ATSDR, 2013. Toxicological Profile for Uranium. ATSDR Report. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences. Environmental Toxicology Branch, Atlanta, USA .</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akash, S., Sivaprakash, B., Vadivel Raja, V. C., Rajamohan, N., Muthusamy, G., 2022. Remediation techniques for uranium removal from polluted environment – Review on methods, mechanism and toxicology, Environmental Pollution 302: 119068.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Arogunjo, A. M., Höllriegl V., Giussani, A., Leopold, K., Gerstmann, U., Veronese I., Oeh, U., 2009 Uranium and thorium in soils, mineral sands, water and food samples in a tin mining area in Nigeria with elevated activity, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 100: 232–240.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Babayan, G., Sakoyan, A., Sahakyan, G., 2019. Drinking water quality and health risk analysis in the mining impact zone, Armenia. Sustainable Water Resources Management 5: 1877–1886.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bergmann, M., Sobral, O., Pratas, J., Graça, M.A., 2018. Uranium toxicity to aquatic invertebrates: a laboratory assay. Environ. Pollut. 239: 359–366.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Chen, L., Liu, J., Zhang,W., Zhou, J., Luo, D., Li, Z., 2021. Uranium(U) source, speciation, uptake, toxicity and bioremediation strategies in soil-plant system: a review. J. Hazard. Mater. 413, 125319.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Duggal, V., Rani, A., Mehra, R., Saini, K., Bajwa, B.S., 2017. Assessment of age-dependent radiation dose and toxicity risk due to intake of uranium through the ingestion of groundwater from Northern Rajasthan, India. Toxicol. Environ. Chem. 99, 3:516–524.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">European Commission (EU), 1998. The Drinking Water Directive 98/83/EC.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Flett, L., Claire L. McLeod, Jessica L. McCarty, Barry J. Shaulis, Justin J. Fain, Mark P.S. Krekeler, 2021. Monitoring uranium mine pollution on Native American lands: Insights from tree bark particulate matter on the Spokane Reservation, Washington, USA. Environmental Research 194: 110619.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Giere, R., Kaltenmeier, R., Pourcelot, L., 2012. Uranium oxide and other airborne par- ticles deposited on cypress leaves close to a nuclear facility. J. Environ. Monit. 14:1264–1274.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Godoy, J.M., Ferreira, P.R., de Souza, E.M., da Silva, L.I., Bittencourt, I.C.S., Fraifeld, F., 2019. High uranium concentrations in the groundwater of the Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, Mountainous Region. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 30: (2).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Guilmette, R.A., Miller, G., Parkhurst, M.A., 2009. Capstone depleted uranium aerosol biokinetics, concentrations and doses. Health Physics 96, 328-342.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Jain, V. K., Pandya, R A, Pillai, S G., Shrivastav, P S, 2006. Simultaneous preconcentration of uranium(VI) and thorium(IV) from aqueous solutions using a chelating calix[4] arene anchored chloromethylated, Talanta 70: 257–266.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Karpas, Z., 2014. Analytical Chemistry of Uranium. Environmental, Forensic, Nuclear and Toxicological Applications. CRC Press, Taylor &amp; Francis Group, 6000, Broken Sound Parkway NW ISBN 13—978-1-4822-2060-2.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Liu, Y., Becker, B., Burdine, B., Sigmon, G.E., Burns, P.C., 2017. Photocatalytic decomposition of Rhodamine B on uranium-doped mesoporous titanium dioxide. RSC Adv. 7, 34: 21273–21280.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ME, 2015. Rules on DrinkingWater Quality and Inspection, Etc (In Korean). Ministry of Environment in Korea, Seoul.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nilchi, A., T. Shariati Dehaghan, S., Garmarodi, R., 2013. Kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics for uranium and thorium ions adsorption from aqueous solutions by 
crystalline tin oxide nanoparticles, Desalination 321: 67–71.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Noli, F., Argyro Dafnomili, Georgios Sarafidis, Catherine Dendrinou-Samara, Nikolaos Pliatsikas, Maria Kapnisti, 2022. Uranium and Thorium water decontamination via novel coated Cu-based nanoparticles; the role of chemistry and environmental implications, Science of the Total Environment 838:156050.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pal, S., Mandal, I., 2019. Impact of aggregate quarrying and crushing on socio-ecological components of Chottanagpur plateuar fringe area of India. Environmental Earth Sciences 78, 661.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Reta, G. , Dong, X. , Li, Z. , Su, B. , Hu, X. , Bo, H. , Yu, D. , Wan, H. , Liu, J. , Li, Y. , Xu, G. , Wang, K. , Xu, S. , 2018. Environmental impact of phosphate mining and benefi- ciation: review. Int. J. Hydrol. 2, (4): 424–431.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Shin, W., Jungsun Oh, Sungwook Choung, Byong-Wook Cho, Kwang-Sik Lee, Uk Yun, Nam-Chil Woo, Hyun Koo Kim, 2016. Distribution and potential health risk of groundwater uranium in Korea, Chemosphere 163:108-115.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">U.S. Environmental Protection Agancy (EPA), 2021. Drinking Water Requirements for States
and PublicWater Systems: Drinking Water Regulations. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Washington, DC.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">US EPA, Environmental Protection Agancy 2009. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. Washington DC.
Vigier, J.F., Freis, D., P¨oml, P., Prieur, D., Lajarge, P., Gardeur, S., et al., 2018. Optimization of uranium-doped americium oxide synthesis for space application. Inorg. Chem. 57 (8): 4317–4327.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wang, Z., Zhang, L., Zhang, K., Lu, Y., Chen, J., Wang, S., Hu, B., Wang, X., 2022. Application of carbon dots and their composite materials for the detection and removal of radioactive ions: a review. Chemosphere 287, 132313.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Winde, F., Brugge, D., Nidecker, A., Ruegg, U., 2017. Uranium from Africa-An overview on past and current mining activities: Re-appraising associated risks and chances in a global context, Journal of African Earth Sciences 129:759-778.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">WHO, 2011. Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, fourth ed. (Geneva).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Xiao, F., Li, H., Xie, P., Liu, J., Du, W., Li, L., Yang, S., Wu, Z., 2022. Colloidal templating of highly ordered porous amidoxime-functionalized hydrogel for intelligent treatment of
uranium contaminated water. Chem. Eng. J. 431, 134141.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zamora, M.L.L., Zielinski, J.M., Moodie, G.B., Falcomer, R.A.F., Hunt, W.C., Capello, K., 2009. Uranium in drinking water: renal effects of long-term ingestion by an aboriginal community. Arch. Environ. Occup. Health 64 (4): 228–241.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zoriy, P., Ostapczuk, P., Dederichs, H., Höbig, J., Lennartz, R., Zoriy, M., 2010. Biomonitoring of environmental pollution by thorium and uranium in selected regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 101:414-420.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
