Improving Ballistic Properties to Low Alloy Steel by Surfacing with Welding

Abstract

While many methods were used in the development of armor materials, welding was preferred in this study. Although welding is a process that mainly used for the purpose of joining two parts, it has become one of the methods that directly affect and improve the properties of the parts today. Sufacing is a type of welding method that covering surface of worn or produced metal parts with hardfacing electrodes to increase wear resistance, service life or other properties. In this study, the properties of S355JR low alloy steel plate were increased by surfacing with E Fe 14 hardfacing electrodes and its ballistic performance and hardness properties were investigated. Electric arc welding (SMAW) was done manually with a 4 mm diameter Fe-Cr-C based covered electrodes. Welding process was done in the form of double pass, by rotating 90 degrees between layers. Chemical composisiton of the consumable increased the mechanical properties of the material in electric arc welding. For this reason, in this study, it is aimed to develop a replacement product for the armors used today while reducing weight, and to reuse these electrodes for repair purposes, since it is not possible to repair the armors after they are hit. After hardfacing, the hardness value increased approximately 8 times. In ballistic performance, it has absorbed the kinetic energy of the bullet at 820 m/s, which is suitable for protection at NATO STANAG III, EN 1522 FB7, VPAM 9 levels.

Keywords

• hardfacing
• surfacing welding
• ballistic
• ballistic protection
• hardness

Düşük Alaşımlı Çeliklere Kaynakla Kaplama Yapılarak Balistik Özellik Kazandırılması

Abstract

Zırh malzemelerinin geliştirilmesinde birçok yöntem kullanılırken, bu çalışmada kaynak yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Kaynak yöntemi, esas olarak iki parçayı birleştirme amacıyla kullanılsa da günümüzde sadece birleştirme yöntemi olmaktan çıkmış parça özelliklerini direkt etkileyen yöntemler arasına girmiştir. Kaplama kaynağı, sert dolgu elektrotları ile aşınmış ya da üretilen metal parçaların yüzeyinin kaplanarak aşınma dayanımı, çalışma ömrü ya da diğer özellikleri artırılması suretiyle uygulanan bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışmada, S355JR düşük alaşımlı çelik plakanın özellikleri geliştirilerek balistik performansı ve sertlik özellikleri incelenmiştir. S355JR plakanın özelliklerini geliştirmek için elektrik ark kaynağı ile kaplama işlemi uygulanmıştır. Elektrik ark kaynağı, 4 mm çapında Fe-Cr-C esaslı örtülü elektrot ile elle yapılmıştır. Kaynak işlemi çift paso şeklinde yapılmış, pasolar arası 90 derece döndürülerek yapılmıştır. Elektrik ark kaynağında elektrot elementleri malzemenin mekanik özelliklerini artırmıştır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada ağırlık düşürülürken günümüzde kullanılan zırhlara hem ikame ürün geliştirilmek istenmiş hem de zırhlar isabet aldıktan sonra tamiri mümkün olmadığı için tamir amaçlı bu elektrotlardan yararlanılarak tekrar kullanılması hedeflenmiştir. Sert dolgu kaplama sonrası, sertlik değeri yaklaşık 8 kat artış göstermiştir. Balistik performansta ise, NATO STANAG III, EN 1522 FB7, VPAM 9 seviyelerinde korumaya uygun olduğu 820 m/s hızdaki mermi kinetik enerjisini absorbe etmiştir.

Keywords

• Sert dolgu
• Kaplama kaynağı
• Balistik
• Balistik koruma
• sertlik

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