A Review about Deep Learning Methods and Applications

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 47 - 64, 27.12.2017

Abdulkadir Şeker , Banu Diri Hasan Hüseyin Balık

Öz

Artificial neural networks were used in the solution of many
problems in the field of machine learning. However, in the period called
"AI Winter", studies in this area have come to a halt due to
especially hardware limitations and other problem. Artificial neural networks,
which started to become a popular area at beginning of the 2000s, have switched
from shallow networks to deep networks thanks to GPU developments. This
approach has been successfully used in a wide range of fields from image
processing to natural language processing, from medical applications to
activity identification. In this study, it is described the history of the deep
learning, methods and the implementations separated by the application areas.
In addition, information has been given to the libraries used in recent years
and working groups focused on deep learning. The aim of this study both
explains the developments in deep learning to researchers and provides possible
fields study with deep learning.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Deep learning, Feature engineering, Artificial neural networks

Derin Öğrenme Yöntemleri Ve Uygulamaları Hakkında Bir İnceleme

Öz

Makine öğrenmesi alanında yapay sinir ağları birçok problemin çözümünde sıklıkla kullanılmıştır. Ancak ―Yapay Zeka Kış Uykusu‖ olarak da adlandırılan dönemde başta donanımsal kısıtlamalar ve diğer problemler sebebiyle bu alandaki çalışmalar durma noktasına gelmiştir. 2000’lerin başında tekrar gözde bir alan olmaya başlayan yapay sinir ağları, GPU gelişmeleriyle birlikte sığ ağlardan derin ağlara geçiş yapmıştır. Bu yaklaşım görüntü işlemeden, doğal dil işlemeye, medikal uygulamalardan aktivite tanımaya kadar oldukça geniş bir yelpazede başarıyla kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, derin öğrenmenin tarihçesi, kullanılan yöntemler ve uygulama alanlarına göre ayrılmış çalışmalar anlatılmıştır. Ayrıca son yıllarda kullanılan kütüphaneler ve derin öğrenme üzerine yoğunlaşan çalışma grupları hakkında da bilgiler verilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hem araştırmacılara derin öğrenme konusundaki gelişmeleri anlatmak, hem de derin öğrenme ile çalışılacak muhtemel konuları vermektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Derin öğrenme, Özellik mühendisliği, Yapay sinir ağları

Kaynakça

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