Production of NiO/ZnO Nanocomposite Particles by Sol-Gel Technique

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 9 - 15, 29.04.2018

Duygu Yeşiltepe Özçelik , Sebahattin Gürmen

Öz

In recent years, the need for new
generation and critical materials has brought the nanoscale materials to the
center of modern research. In this study, the production of NiO/ZnO
nanocomposite particles by sol-gel method was investigated for using in the
petrochemical and energy sectors. In the initial solutions having a 0.1 M
concentration prepared from the high purity nickel nitrate [Ni(NO₃)₂.6H₂O)]
and zinc nitrate [(Zn(NO₃)₂.6H₂O] salts in mol
(50:50)% and (30:70)%, NiO/ZnO nanocomposite particles were produced by the
calcination process (700 °C, 2 hours) in the final step of the production
process, which started with the use of different precipitation reagents (1 M
NaOH; NH₄OH) and chelating agent (0.1 M C₆H₈O₇).
Within the scope of structural characterization studies of NiO/ZnO
nanocomposite particles: phase analysis by X-ray diffractometry (Rigaku, XRD);
the size and morphology and to determine the qualitative proportions of the
contained elements of the particles with scanning electron microscopy and
energy dispersive spectroscopy (Jeol FEG SEM-EDS); and Fourier Transform
Infrared Spectrometry (Bruker/Alpha-T) 
to determine the bonds that were present, was used. In the sol-gel
method, the effect of the stoichiometry of the prepared starting solution and
the precipitation reagent used in the production step on NiO/ZnO nanocomposite
particle production were investigated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nanocomposite, NiO/ZnO, Sol-Gel Technique

NiO/ZnO Nanokompozit Partiküllerinin Sol-Jel Tekniği İle Üretimi

Öz

Son yıllarda yeni nesil ve kritik
malzemelere duyulan ihtiyaç, nano boyutlu malzemeleri modern araştırmaların
odağına taşımıştır. Bu çalışmada, petrokimya ve enerji sektöründeki kullanımına
yönelik olarak NiO/ZnO nanokompozit partiküllerin sol-jel yöntemiyle üretimi
araştırılmıştır. Yüksek safiyetteki nikel nitrat [Ni(NO₃)₂.6H₂O]
ve çinko nitrat [Zn(NO₃)₂.6H₂O] tuzlarından
molce % (50:50) ve % (30:70)  hazırlanan
0,1 M konsantrasyona sahip başlangıç çözeltilerinde farklı çöktürme reaktifleri
(1 M NaOH; NH₄OH) ve şelat yapıcının (0,1 M C₆H₈O₇)
birlikte kullanılmasıyla başlayan üretim sürecinin son adımındaki kalsinasyon
işlemi (700 °C, 2 saat) ile NiO/ZnO nanokompozit partikülleri üretilmiştir.
NiO/ZnO nanokompozit partiküllerinin yapısal karakterizasyon çalışmaları
kapsamında; X-ışınları faz analizi (XRD, Rigaku), partiküllerin
boyut-morfolojilerinin ve bileşimin kalitatif olarak tanımlanması için taramalı
elektron mikroskobu ve enerji dağılım spektroskopisi (FEG SEM-EDS, Jeol) ve
yapıda var olan bağların tespiti için Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektrometre
(FTIR) teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Sol-gel yönteminde, başlangıç çözeltisinin
stokiometrisi ile üretim aşamasında kullanılan çöktürme reaktifinin NiO/ZnO
nanokompozit partikül üretimindeki etkisi incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nanokompozit, NiO/ZnO, Sol-Jel

Kaynakça

• [1] Dahman, Y., Javaheri, H., Chen, J., Alchikh-Sulaiman, B. (2017). DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-51256-5.00005-8 In book: Nanotechnology and Functional Materials for Engineers Chapter 5, 93-119.
• [2] Shin, W.-K., Cho, J., Kannan, A.G., Lee, Y.-S., Kim, D.-W. (2016). Cross-linked composite gel polymer electrolyte using mesoporous methacrylate-functionalized SiO2 nanoparticles for lithium-ion polymer batteries. Sci. Rep. 6, 26332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep26332.
• [3] Ibrahim Khan, Khalid Saeed, Idrees Khan (2017). Nanoparticles: Properties, applications and Toxicities, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.05.011.
• [4] Yeşiltepe, D. (2017). NiO/ZnO ve NiO/ZnO/Al2O3 Nanokompozit Partiküllerinin Ultrasonik Sprey Piroliz (Usp) Yöntemiyle Üretimi (Yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
• [5] Yılmaz, S., McGlynn E., Bacaksız, E., Cullen, J., Chellappan, R. K. (2012). Structural, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Ni-doped ZnO Micro-rods Grown by The Spray Pyrolysis Method. Chemical Physics Letters, 526, 72-76.
• [6] Kim, K. H., Yoshihara, Y., Abe, Y., Kawamura, M., Kiba, T. (2017). Morphological Characterization of Sphere-like Structured ZnO-NiO Nanocomposites with Annealing Temperatures. Materials Letters, Vol. 186, 364–367.
• [7] K. Prasad, Anal K. Jha (2009). ZnO Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Adsorption Study. Natural Science Vol.1, No.2, 129-135.
• [8] Yeşiltepe, D., Koç, İ., Gürmen, S. (2016). Ultrasonik Sprey Piroliz Tekniği: NiO/ZnO ve Ni/ZnO Nanokompozit Partiküllerinin Üretimi. Metalurji Dergisi, 182, 26-31.
• [9] Dorneanu, P. P., Airinei, A., Olaru, N., Homocianu, M., Nica, V., Doroftei, F. (2014). Preparation and characterization of NiO, ZnO and NiO–ZnO composite nanofibers, by electrospinning method, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 148, 1029-1035.
• [10] Hameed, A., Montini, T., Gombac, V., Fornasiero, P. (2009). Photocatalytic decolourization of dyes on NiO–ZnO nano-composites, Photochemical&Photobiological Sciences,8, 677-682.
• [11] Juma, A. O., Matibini, A. (2017). Synthesis and structural analysis of ZnO-NiO mixed oxide nanocomposite prepared by homogeneous precipitation, Ceramics International, 43, 15424-15430.
• [12] Chen, W. F., Wang, C. H., Sasaki, K., Marinkovic, N., Xu, W., Muckerman, J. T., Zhu, Y., Adzic, R. R. (2013). Highly active and durable nanostructured molybdenum carbide electrocatalysts for hydrogen production, Energy & Environmental Science 6, 943-951.
• [13] Yan, X., Li, Z., Chen, R., Gao, W. (2008). Template Growth of ZnO Nanorods and Microrods with Controllable Densities, Crystal Growth & Design, Vol. 8, No. 7.
• [14] El-Kemary, M., Nagy, N., El-Mehasseb, I. (2013). Nickel oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis and spectral studies of interactions with glucose, Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 16, 1747-1752.
• [15] Shokry, H. H., Elkady, H., M. F., El-Shazly, A. H., Bamufleh, H. (2014). Formulation of Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanopowder into Hybrid Beads for Dye Separation, Journal of Nanomaterials, 1-14.
• [16] Sharma, A., Kumar, P.S. (2011), Synthesis and Characterization of NiO-ZnO Nano Composite, 3, 112-115.
• [17] Alagiri, M., Ponnusamy, S., Muthamizhchelvan, C. (2012). Synthesis and characterization of NiO nanoparticles by sol–gel method, J Mater Sci: Mater Electron, 23, 728–732.