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<article  article-type="review-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>dpüijses</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Uluslararası Sosyal ve Ekonomik Çalışmalar Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2757-6582</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.62001/gsijses.1588077</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Microeconomics (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Mikro İktisat (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Causality of Gross Capital Formation in Terms of Various Variables</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Brüt Sermaye Oluşumunun Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından Nedenselliği</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4533-4103</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Baş</surname>
                                    <given-names>Metin</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KÜTAHYA DUMLUPINAR ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-2819</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Oğuz</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ahmet</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20241231">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>31</month>
                    <year>2024</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>5</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>447</fpage>
                                        <lpage>460</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20241119">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>19</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20241228">
                        <day>12</day>
                        <month>28</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2020, Uluslararası Sosyal ve Ekonomik Çalışmalar Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Uluslararası Sosyal ve Ekonomik Çalışmalar Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Gross capital represents all assets of a country&#039;s economy. Gross capital formation is known to be a critical indicator for sustaining the growth dynamics of an economy. All studies conducted in Turkey examine the relationship between gross capital formation and various macroeconomic variables and the causality of economic growth. In this context, in this study, financial freedom, exports, inflation, and unemployment variables that may impact gross capital are considered and their relationships are analyzed. In the study, it is found that there is no Granger causality relationship from gross capital formation to financial freedom and exports. Still, there is a causality relationship from gross capital formation to inflation, and unemployment. In addition, it is determined that there is no Granger causality relationship from inflation rate and unemployment to gross capital formation. All of these results were determined at the 5% significance level and determined that the relationships were unidirectional.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de 1995-2022 dönemlerini kapsayan yıllık veriler kullanılarak Türkiye ekonomisinde brüt sermaye oluşumu, finansal özgürlük, ihracat, enflasyon ve işsizlik arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisini incelenmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler ve kaynakları worldbank ve heritage. org kaynağından alınmıştır.Türkiye’de 1995-2022 döneminde brüt sermaye oluşumu ve bağımsız değişkenler arasında uzun dönem eşbütünleşme olduğu serilerin uzun dönemde birbirini etkilediğini ifade etmek mümkündür.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>mal ve hizmet ihracatı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  finansal
özgürlük</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Brüt Sermaye</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Enfllasyon</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>trade in goods and services</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  financial freedom</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Gross Capital</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Inflation</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
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