Growth and Yield Variance and Heritability Estimates among Some Local and Improved Varieties of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranean L. Verdc)

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 3, 1084 - 1092, 01.09.2024

Barka Mshelmbula , Umar Daniya , Godwin Ogah , Festus Akomolafe , Namson Tsaku Amadu , Beckley Ikhajiagbe

https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1377913

Öz

The current investigation demonstrated that all the seeds taken into consideration generally had different varietal characteristics with the exception of several growth characteristics, notably the stem girth where the improved varieties outperformed the local Bambara nuts. The local Bambara nut varieties (Jan Iri) had the highest parameters measured compared to others. The huge variation in yield component recorded for this variety made the promise it displayed astounding. Due to the importance of the genotype-by-environment interaction on the expression of all the examined characters, the phenotypic coefficients of variation for each character were all more significant than the genotypic coefficients of variation. Three examined features, including number of pods per plant, number of pods per plot, and number of seeds per plot, all had high heritability estimates (84.96, 99.24, and 99.35, respectively). The quantity of seeds produced by each plant and the dried weight of each plot were moderately recorded at 32.48 and 38.63, respectively. Number of pods per plot (140.01) and number of seeds per plot (176.83) both showed strong genetic advance and with high heritability also. However, fresh weight per plot (109.12) revealed low heredity along with high genetic advance. Looking at the number of seeds per plant, the number of pods per plant, and the number of seeds per plant, a substantial positive association was found.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Growth, Yield, Heritability, Varieties, Bambara nuts

Kaynakça

• [1] Aremu, M. O., Olaefe, K. A., Akintayo, E. T., “Chemical composition and physiochemical characteristics of two varieties of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea)”, Journal of Applied Science, 6: 1900-1903, (2006).
• [2] PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa)., “In: Brink, M., and Belay, G. (eds). Cereals and pulses”, 213-217, 2006.
• [3] Rachie, K. O., Silvestre, P., “In: Leakey, C. L. A. and Wills, J. B. (eds.) Food crop of low and tropics”, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 41-44, (1977).
• [4] Linnemann, A. R., Azam-Ali, S. A., “Underutilized crops, pulses and vegetables. In: Williams, J. T. (ed.) Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea)”, Chapman and Hall, London, 13-57, (1993).
• [5] Massawe, F. J., Dickson, M., Roberts, J. A., Azam-Ali, S. N., “Genetic diversity in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L) verdc.). Land races revealed by AFLP Markers”, Journal of Life Science, 3: 34-39, (2002).
• [6] Baudoin, J. P., Mergeai, G., “Grain legumes in Crop production in Tropical Africa”, International Journal of Plant Science, 5: 313 – 317, (2001).
• [7] Abdullah, N., Rafii, Y. M., Ithnin, M., Saleh, G., Latif, M. A., “Genetic Variability of Oil Palm Parental Genotypes and Performance of Its’ Progenies as Revealed by Molecular Markers and Quantitative Traits”, Comptes Rendus Biologies, 334: 290–299, (2011).
• [8] Ibrahim, Y., “Alhaji Dr. Isa Mustapha Agwai 1st The sixteenth Emir of Lafia, Jos Nigeria Fab Aried”, World Journal of Science, 4: 77-82, (2019).
• [9] National Population Commission, NPC., “Annual Census Report, Abuja, Nigeria”, (2006).
• [10] SAS Institute, SAS/STAT. “User’s guide version 9.6th edition”, SAS Institute Carry NC, (2002).
• [11] Pranesh, H., Nandini, R., Chandra, K., Rangaiah, S., Nagaraju, N., “Character association and path analysis of yield and yield components in M3 generation of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) verdc.) treated with ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS)”, International Journal of Pure and Applied Bioscience, 5(3): 306–311, (2007).
• [12] Mshelmbula, B. P., Jummai, B. F., Mallum, S. M., Zacharia, R., “Studies on four cultivars of Groundnut (Arachis hypogeae) grown in mubi, Adamawa State of Nigeria”, Nigeria Journal of Technological Resource, 12: 1-4, (2017).
• [13] Mshelmbula, B. P., Ibrahim, A. A., Anoliefo, G. O., Ikhajiagbe, B., Wante, S. P., “Comparative study of some selected introduced varieties of groundnut Arachis hypogea L.) in Lafia”, Research Journal of Chemical sciences, 12(3): 1-6, (2022).
• [14] Nkot, L., Nwaga, D., Ngakou, A., Fankem, H., Etoa, F., “Variation in nodulation and growth of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) on oxisols from land use systems of the humid forest zone in southern Cameroon”, African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(20): 3996-4003, (2011).
• [15] Gondwe, T. M., Alamu, E. O., Mdziniso, P., Maziya-Dixon, B., “Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) for food security: an evaluation of end-user traits of improved varieties in Swaziland”, Science Reports, 9(1): 1–6, (2019).
• [16] Owusu, E. Y., Akromah, R., Denwar, N. N., Adjebeng-Danquah, J., Kusi, F., Haruna, M., “Inheritance of early maturity in some cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) genotypes under rain fed conditions in northern Ghana”, Advances in Agriculture, 5: 45-51, (2018).
• [17] Olasan, J. O., Aguoru, C. U., Omoigui, L. O., Danmaigona, C., Ugbaa, M. S., “Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Using Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Segmentation”, Proceedings of the Genetic Society of Nigeria 41st Annual Conference, University of Agriculture Makurdi, Makurdi, 427-436, (2017).
• [18] Nigam, S. N., “Some Strategic Issues in Breeding for High and Stable Yield in Groundnut in India”, Journal of Oilseeds Research, 17: 1-10, (2001).
• [19] Swank, J. C., Egli, B. D., Pfeiffer, T. W., “Seed growth characteristics of soybean genotypes differing in duration of seed fill”, Crop Science, 27: 85-89, (2013).
• [20] Emmanuel Y. O., Benjamin, K., Francis, K., Mohammed, H., Richard, A. A., Patrick, Attamah, G. A., Emmanuel, K. S., Munatu, I., “Genetic variability, heritability and correlation analysis among maturity and yield traits in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) in Northern Ghana”, Heliyon, 7: 1-9, (2021).
• [21] Hamidou, F., Ratnakumar, P., Halilou, O., Mponda, O., Kapewa, T., Monyo, E., Faye, I., Ntare, B., Nigam, S., Upadhyaya, H., “Selection of intermittent drought tolerant lines across years and locations in the reference collection of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”, Field Crop Resources, 126: 189–199, (2012).
• [22] Singh, B. D., “Plant Breeding: Principles and Methods”, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 23-32, (2001).
• [23] Johnson, H.W., Robinson, H. F., Comstock, R. E., “Estimatesofgeneticandenviron-mental variability in soybean”, Agronomy Journal, 47: 314—318, (1955).
• [24] Ajayi, A.T., Gbadamosi, A.E., “Genetic variability, character association and yield potentials of twenty five accessions of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)”, Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra, 5(2): 1–16, (2020).