Elektrikli Araç Şarj İstasyonlarının Konumlandırılması ve Enerji Şebekesi Üzerine Etkisi Konulu Derleme Çalışması

Abstract

Dünyanın birçok ülkesinde satış rakamları hızla büyüyen elektrikli araçlar, son on yılda otomotiv sektöründe yükselen bir trende sahiptir. Elektrikli araçların yaygınlaşmasında önemli bir yere sahip olan hızlı şarj istasyonları çok kısa sürede elektrikli araçları hızlı bir şekilde şarj edebilmektedir. Günümüz elektrikli araçlarında daha büyük kapasitelerde bataryalar mevcut olup ilk çıkan elektrik araçlara nazaran şarj kapasitesi ciddi ölçüde artmıştır. Birçok elektrikli aracın aynı anda veya öngörülemeyen zaman dilimlerinde şarj olması elektrik arz ve talebinde çok büyük farklara neden olmaktadır. Bu farklar dikkate alınmadan şarj istasyonlarının kurulumu gerçekleştiğinde yüksek hızlarda şarj olan araçlar şebekede gerilim dengesizliğine ve güç kayıplarına neden olup enerji şebekesini olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Hem şebekede alınacak önlemler ve yatırım kararları hem de hızlı şarj istasyonlarının şebekeye olası olumsuz etkisi nedeniyle doğru yerde konumlandırılmaları büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmayla, elektrikli araç şarj sistemleri ve bu sistemlerin enerji şebekesi üzerine etkileri ile ilgili son on yılda öne çıkan çalışmalar detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak şarj istasyonlarının enerji şebekesine etkisinin azaltılarak en uygun noktaya konumlandırılması ile ilgili veriler çalışmayla sunulmuştur.

Keywords

• Elektrikli Araç Şarj İstasyonları
• Şarj İstasyonlarının Konumlandırılması
• Şarj İstasyonlarının Enerji Şebekesine Etkileri

A Review on Locating the Electric Vehicle Charging Stations and Their Effect on the Energy Network

Abstract

Electric vehicles, whose sales figures are growing rapidly in many countries of the world, have had a rising trend in the automotive industry in the last decade. Having an important place in the widespread use of electric vehicles, fast charging stations can quickly recharge electric vehicles in a very short time. Today's electric vehicles have larger battery capacities and their charging capacities have increased significantly compared to the first electric vehicles. Charging many electric vehicles at the same time or in unforeseen time periods causes huge differences in electricity supply and demand. When the charging stations are installed without considering these differences, vehicles charging at high speeds can cause voltage imbalance and power losses and adversely affect the energy network. It is of great importance that both the precautions and investment decisions to be taken in the network and the fast charging stations are located in the right place due to their possible adverse impact on the network. With this study, the prominent studies in the last decade on electric vehicle charging systems and the effects of these systems on the energy network have been examined in detail. As a result, data on the locating charging stations to the most appropriate point by reducing their effect on the energy network is presented.

Keywords

• Electric Vehicle Charging Stations
• Locating Charging Stations
• Impact of Charging Stations on the Energy Grid

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