Buzağılarda Yaşama Gücünün Anahtarı; “Kolostrum”

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 59 Sayı: 1, 67 - 78, 31.07.2018

Mehmet Koyuncu , Merve Karaca

https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.359971

Cited By: 11

Öz

Başarılı  süt üretimi, doğru buzağı yetiştirmeye
dayanır. Yüksek buzağı ölümleri, 
üretimde önemli bir ekonomik sorun yaratmaktadır. Doğum sonrası yaşama
gücü yavruların çevre koşullarına adaptasyonunun belirlenmesinde ve
işletmelerin kârlılığı açısından çok önemlidir. Buzağıların sağlığı ve yaşama
gücü kapsamındaki en önemli faktör, yavrunun doğumunun ilk evrelerinde yeterli
miktar ve kalitedeki kolostrum ile beslenmesidir. Yavrunun doğumu izleyen ilk
birkaç saat içinde kolostrum alması oldukça önemlidir. Kolostrum, meme bezi
gelişiminin ayrı bir fizyolojik ve işlevsel aşamasında üretilir, normal sütten
belirgin olarak farklıdır. Yavru düşük vücut enerji deposu ve serum
immünoglobüllerinden yoksun olarak doğar. Kolostrum yavruya hem enerji hem de
maternal antikorlar sağlar. Geleneksel sütle besleme yapılan yetiştiricilik
sistemlerinde buzağılar doğum ağırlığının %8-10’u düzeyinde süt içmeleri
önerilir. Günümüzde buzağı ölüm oranı artık refah düzeyi ve yönetim kalitesinin
en önemli göstergesi olarak görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Buzağı, kolostrum, yaşam gücü, immünoloji

Key of Survival in Calves; “Colostrum”

Öz

Successful milk production is based on proper calf rearing. High calf mortality is
an important problem of economic loss in production. Postnatal survival rate is
very important in the determination of the adaptation of newborns to the environmental
conditions and the profitability of the enterprises. The most important factor
in dairy calf health and survival is feeding the newborn adequate amounts of
high-quality colostrum early in its life. An important strategy for newborn
receives adequate colostrum during the first two to three hours of life.
Colostrum is produced during a distinct physiological and functional stage of
mammary gland development and differs markedly from normal milk. A neonate is
born with low body energy stores and devoid of serum immunoglobulins. Colostrum
provides the neonates with both energy and maternal antibodies. Traditional
milk feeding systems for dairy calves - 8 to 10% of birth weight. Today, calf
mortality is now considered the most crucial indicator of welfare level; it was
an important indicator of management quality.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Calf, colostrum, survival, immunology, welfare

Kaynakça

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