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Synthesis, Characterization, Anti-bacterial and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Bismuth(III) Complexes Based on 5-chloro-2-mercaptobenzothiazole

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 225 - 233, 28.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.17350/HJSE19030000275

Öz

Bismuth, known as a heavy metal, is excluded from this class due to its low toxicity. Due to this feature, bismuth containing compounds have always been interesting compounds in the field of medicinal chemistry. For this reason, the discovery of new bismuth compounds and the investigation of their biological properties are very important for this field. In this study, three new bismuth(III) compounds formulated as [Bi(L)2X3] (L: 5-chloro-2-mercaptobenzothiazole (ClMBZT); X: Cl, Br, and I) were synthesized for the first time and, the molecular structure of them were elucidated by a series of spectroscopic techniques. Thermal stability and degradation steps of the title compounds were analyzed by Thermogravimetric-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA). The antibacterial study has been conducted against six strains bacteria, and the results indicated that bismuth(III) compounds generally showed more effective antibacterial activity than free ligand. The anti-inflammatory potential of bismuth(III) compounds was investigated through in vitro lipoxygenase enzyme inhibition studies. The results show that bismuth(III) compounds have higher anti-inflammatory potential than free ligand.

Destekleyen Kurum

Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Tekirdag Namık Kemal University

Proje Numarası

NKUBAP.01.DS.19.196

Kaynakça

  • Aslanidis P, Hatzidimitriou AG, Andreadou EG, Pantazaki AA, Voulgarakis N. Silver(I) complexes of N-methylbenzothiazole-2-thione: Synthesis, structures and antibacterial activity. Mater Sci Eng C. 2015;50:187-193. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2015.02.014
  • Lobana TS, Sultana R, Butcher RJ, et al. Heterocyclic-2-thione derivatives of silver(I): Synthesis, spectroscopy and structures of mono- and di-nuclear silver(I) halide complexes. J Organomet Chem. 2013;745-746(3):460-469. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.08.020
  • Owczarzak AM, Kubicki M, Kourkoumelis N, Hadjikakou SK. Stabilization of poly-iodides: structural influences of the cationic disulfides of 2-mercapto-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-pyrimidine and 2-mercatpo-pyrimidine. RSC Adv. 2012;2(7):2856. doi:10.1039/c2ra00013j
  • Verginadis II, Karkabounas S, Simos Y, et al. Anticancer and cytotoxic effects of a triorganotin compound with 2-mercapto-nicotinic acid in malignant cell lines and tumor bearing Wistar rats. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 42 (2011) 253–261 doi:10.1016/j.ejps.2010.11.015
  • Hadjikakou SK, Ozturk II, Xanthopoulou MN, et al. Synthesis, structural characterization and biological study of new organotin(IV), silver(I) and antimony(III) complexes with thioamides. J Inorg Biochem. 2008;102(5-6):1007-1015. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.12.027
  • Banti CN, Giannoulis a. D, Kourkoumelis N, et al. Mixed ligand–silver(i) complexes with anti-inflammatory agents which can bind to lipoxygenase and calf-thymus DNA, modulating their function and inducing apoptosis. Metallomics. 2012;4(6):545. doi:10.1039/c2mt20039b
  • Velalopoulou Α, Batsala GK, Kourkoumelis N, Karkabounas S, Evangelou a., Hadjikakou SK. Photo-activated metallotherapeutics: copper(I) or silver(I) mixed ligand complexes with 2-mercaptopyrimidine and triphenylphosphine. Med Chem Res. 2012;22(5):2260-2265. doi:10.1007/s00044-012-0219-3
  • Xanthopoulou MN, Hadjikakou SK, Hadjiliadis N, et al. Biological studies of new organotin(IV) complexes of thioamide ligands. Eur J Med Chem. 2008;43(2):327-335. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.03.028
  • Xanthopoulou MN, Hadjikakou SK, Hadjiliadis N, et al. Synthesis, structural characterization, and biological studies of six- and five-coordinate organotin(IV) complexes with the thioamides 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 5-chloro-2-mercaptobenzothiazole, and 2-mercaptobenzoxazole. Inorg Chem. 46(4) (2007) :1187-1195. doi:10.1021/ic061601f
  • Saczewski F, Dziemidowicz-Borys E, Bednarski PJ, Grünert R, Gdaniec M, Tabin P. Synthesis, crystal structure and biological activities of copper(II) complexes with chelating bidentate 2-substituted benzimidazole ligands. J Inorg Biochem. 100(8) (2006) 1389-1398. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2006.04.002
  • Arjmand F, Mohani B, Ahmad S. Synthesis, antibacterial, antifungal activity and interaction of CT-DNA with a new benzimidazole derived Cu(II) complex. Eur J Med Chem. 40(11) (2005) 1103-1110. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2005.05.005
  • Hadjikakou SK, Antoniadis CD, Aslanidis P, Cox PJ, Tsipis AC. An Exploration of the Structural and Bonding Variability in Mixed-Ligand Benzimidazole-2-thione(bromo)(triarylphosphane)dicopper(I) Complexes with Diamond-Shaped Cu2(?-X)2 Core Structures. Eur J Inorg Chem. 2005(8) (2005) 1442-1452. doi:10.1002/ejic.200400827
  • González VM, Fuertes M a, Pérez-Alvarez MJ, et al. Induction of apoptosis by the bis-Pt(III) complex [Pt(2)(2-mercaptopyrimidine)(4)Cl(2)]. Biochem Pharmacol. ;60(3) (2000) 371-379. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10856432
  • Raper ES. Tetrakis (1-methylimidazoline-2-thione)-μ2-bis(1-methylimidazoline-2-thione)-di-copper(I) Tetrafluoroborate: Preparation, Thermal Analysis and Crystal Structure, Inorganica Chim Acta 143 (1988) 95-100.
  • Raper ES. Copper complexes of heterocyclic thioamides and related ligands. Coord Chem Rev. 129(1-2) (1994) 91-156. doi:10.1016/0010-8545(94)85019-4
  • Hadjikakou SK, Ozturk II, Banti CN, Kourkoumelis N, Hadjiliadis N. Recent advances on antimony(III/V) compounds with potential activity against tumor cells. J Inorg Biochem. 153 (2015) 293-305. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.06.006
  • Mohan R. Green bismuth. Nat Chem. 2(4) (2010) 336. doi:10.1038/nchem.609
  • Kowalik M, Masternak J, Barszcz B. Recent Research Trends on Bismuth Compounds in Cancer Chemoand Radiotherapy. Curr Med Chem. 26(4) (2017) 729-759. doi:10.2174/0929867324666171003113540
  • Salvador JA, Figueiredo SA, Pinto RM, Silvestre SM. Bismuth compounds in medicinal chemistry. Future Med Chem. 4(11) (2012) 1495-1523. doi:10.4155/fmc.12.95
  • Ozturk II, Banti CN, Kourkoumelis N, et al. Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of antimony(III) or bismuth(III) chloride complexes with dithiocarbamate ligands derived from thiuram degradation. Polyhedron. 67 (2014) 89-103. doi:10.1016/j.poly.2013.08.052
  • Nomiya K, Sekino K, Ishikawa M, et al. Syntheses, crystal structures and antimicrobial activities of monomeric 8-coordinate, and dimeric and monomeric 7-coordinate bismuth(III) complexes with tridentate and pentadentate thiosemicarbazones and pentadentate semicarbazone ligands. J Inorg Biochem. 98(4) (2004) 601-615. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2004.01.011
  • Zhang N, Tai Y, Li M, Ma P, Zhao J, Niu J. Main group bismuth(III), gallium(III) and diorganotin(IV) complexes derived from bis(2-acetylpyrazine)thiocarbonohydrazone: synthesis, crystal structures and biological evaluation. Dalton Trans. 43(13) (2014) 5182-5189. doi:10.1039/c4dt00077c
  • Yarar S, Ozturk II, Banti CN, et al. Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxic properties of bismuth(III) chloride complexes with heterocyclic thioamides. Inorganica Chim Acta. 471 (2018) 23-33. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2017.10.026
  • Ozturk II, Sirinkaya ET, Cakmak M, et al. Structural and biological features of bismuth ( III ) halide complexes with heterocyclic thioamides. J Mol Struct. 1227 (2021) 129730. doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129730
  • Ozturk II, Banti CN, Hadjikakou SK, Panagiotou N, Tasiopoulos AJ. Structural architectures and biological properties of main group bismuth(III) iodide complexes with heterocyclic thioamides. Inorganica Chim Acta. (2019) 497. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2019.119094
  • Aygun O, Grześkiewicz AM, Banti CN, Hadjikakou SK, Kubicki M, Ozturk II. Monomeric octahedral bismuth(III) benzaldehyde-N1-alkyl thiosemicarbazones: synthesis, characterization and biological properties. Polyhedron. 215 (2022) 115683. doi:10.1016/j.poly.2022.115683
  • Ozturk II, Banti CN, Hadjikakou SK, Panagiotou N, Tasiopoulos AJ. Bismuth(III) halide complexes of aromatic thiosemicarbazones: Synthesis, structural characterization and biological evaluation. Polyhedron. 208 (2021) 115388. doi:10.1016/j.poly.2021.115388
  • Ucar O, Grześkiewicz AM, Banti C, Hadjikakou SK, Ozturk II. Structural characterization and biological evaluation of antimony(III) and bismuth(III) complexes with imidazolidine-2-thione. J Mol Struct. (2021) 1235. doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130270
  • Ali I, Wani WA, Saleem K. Empirical formulae to molecular structures of metal complexes by molar conductance. Synth React Inorganic, Met Nano-Metal Chem. 43(9) (2013) 1162-1170. doi:10.1080/15533174.2012.756898
  • Ippolito G, Leone S, Lauria FN, Nicastri E, Wenzel RP. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the superbug. Int J Infect Dis. 14 (2010) S7-S11. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2010.05.003
  • Yordanov D, Strateva T. Pseudomonas aeruginosa – a phenomenon of bacterial resistance. J Med Microbiol. 58(9) (2009) 1133-1148. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.009142-0
  • Poorabbas B, Mardaneh J, Rezaei Z, et al. Nosocomial Infections: Multicenter surveillance of antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Gram negative rods isolated from blood and other sterile body fluids in Iran. Iran J Microbiol. 7(3) (2015) 127-135.
  • Zhang Q, Yue C, Zhang Y, et al. Six metal-organic frameworks assembled from asymmetric triazole carboxylate ligands: Synthesis, crystal structures, photoluminescence properties and antibacterial activities. Inorganica Chim Acta. 473 (2018) 112-120. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2017.12.036
  • Tweedy BG. Plant Extracts with Metal Ions as Potential Antimicrobial Agents. Phytopathology. 55 (1964) 910-918.
  • Knapp MJ, Klinman JP. Kinetic Studies of Oxygen Reactivity in Soybean Lipoxygenase-1 †. Biochemistry. 42 (2003) 11466-11475.
  • Pidgeon GP, Lysaght J, Krishnamoorthy S, et al. Lipoxygenase metabolism: Roles in tumor progression and survival. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 26(3-4) (2007) 503-524. doi:10.1007/s10555-007-9098-3
  • Balas VI, Verginadis II, Geromichalos GD, et al. Synthesis, structural characterization and biological studies of the triphenyltin(IV) complex with 2-thiobarbituric acid. Eur J Med Chem. 46(7) (2011) 2835-2844. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.04.005
  • Banti CN, Papatriantafyllopoulou C, Manoli M, Tasiopoulos AJ, Hadjikakou SK. Nimesulide Silver Metallodrugs, Containing the Mitochondriotropic, Triaryl Derivatives of Pnictogen; Anticancer Activity against Human Breast Cancer Cells. Inorg Chem. 55 (2016) 8681–8696. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01241
Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 225 - 233, 28.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.17350/HJSE19030000275

Öz

Proje Numarası

NKUBAP.01.DS.19.196

Kaynakça

  • Aslanidis P, Hatzidimitriou AG, Andreadou EG, Pantazaki AA, Voulgarakis N. Silver(I) complexes of N-methylbenzothiazole-2-thione: Synthesis, structures and antibacterial activity. Mater Sci Eng C. 2015;50:187-193. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2015.02.014
  • Lobana TS, Sultana R, Butcher RJ, et al. Heterocyclic-2-thione derivatives of silver(I): Synthesis, spectroscopy and structures of mono- and di-nuclear silver(I) halide complexes. J Organomet Chem. 2013;745-746(3):460-469. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.08.020
  • Owczarzak AM, Kubicki M, Kourkoumelis N, Hadjikakou SK. Stabilization of poly-iodides: structural influences of the cationic disulfides of 2-mercapto-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-pyrimidine and 2-mercatpo-pyrimidine. RSC Adv. 2012;2(7):2856. doi:10.1039/c2ra00013j
  • Verginadis II, Karkabounas S, Simos Y, et al. Anticancer and cytotoxic effects of a triorganotin compound with 2-mercapto-nicotinic acid in malignant cell lines and tumor bearing Wistar rats. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 42 (2011) 253–261 doi:10.1016/j.ejps.2010.11.015
  • Hadjikakou SK, Ozturk II, Xanthopoulou MN, et al. Synthesis, structural characterization and biological study of new organotin(IV), silver(I) and antimony(III) complexes with thioamides. J Inorg Biochem. 2008;102(5-6):1007-1015. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.12.027
  • Banti CN, Giannoulis a. D, Kourkoumelis N, et al. Mixed ligand–silver(i) complexes with anti-inflammatory agents which can bind to lipoxygenase and calf-thymus DNA, modulating their function and inducing apoptosis. Metallomics. 2012;4(6):545. doi:10.1039/c2mt20039b
  • Velalopoulou Α, Batsala GK, Kourkoumelis N, Karkabounas S, Evangelou a., Hadjikakou SK. Photo-activated metallotherapeutics: copper(I) or silver(I) mixed ligand complexes with 2-mercaptopyrimidine and triphenylphosphine. Med Chem Res. 2012;22(5):2260-2265. doi:10.1007/s00044-012-0219-3
  • Xanthopoulou MN, Hadjikakou SK, Hadjiliadis N, et al. Biological studies of new organotin(IV) complexes of thioamide ligands. Eur J Med Chem. 2008;43(2):327-335. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.03.028
  • Xanthopoulou MN, Hadjikakou SK, Hadjiliadis N, et al. Synthesis, structural characterization, and biological studies of six- and five-coordinate organotin(IV) complexes with the thioamides 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 5-chloro-2-mercaptobenzothiazole, and 2-mercaptobenzoxazole. Inorg Chem. 46(4) (2007) :1187-1195. doi:10.1021/ic061601f
  • Saczewski F, Dziemidowicz-Borys E, Bednarski PJ, Grünert R, Gdaniec M, Tabin P. Synthesis, crystal structure and biological activities of copper(II) complexes with chelating bidentate 2-substituted benzimidazole ligands. J Inorg Biochem. 100(8) (2006) 1389-1398. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2006.04.002
  • Arjmand F, Mohani B, Ahmad S. Synthesis, antibacterial, antifungal activity and interaction of CT-DNA with a new benzimidazole derived Cu(II) complex. Eur J Med Chem. 40(11) (2005) 1103-1110. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2005.05.005
  • Hadjikakou SK, Antoniadis CD, Aslanidis P, Cox PJ, Tsipis AC. An Exploration of the Structural and Bonding Variability in Mixed-Ligand Benzimidazole-2-thione(bromo)(triarylphosphane)dicopper(I) Complexes with Diamond-Shaped Cu2(?-X)2 Core Structures. Eur J Inorg Chem. 2005(8) (2005) 1442-1452. doi:10.1002/ejic.200400827
  • González VM, Fuertes M a, Pérez-Alvarez MJ, et al. Induction of apoptosis by the bis-Pt(III) complex [Pt(2)(2-mercaptopyrimidine)(4)Cl(2)]. Biochem Pharmacol. ;60(3) (2000) 371-379. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10856432
  • Raper ES. Tetrakis (1-methylimidazoline-2-thione)-μ2-bis(1-methylimidazoline-2-thione)-di-copper(I) Tetrafluoroborate: Preparation, Thermal Analysis and Crystal Structure, Inorganica Chim Acta 143 (1988) 95-100.
  • Raper ES. Copper complexes of heterocyclic thioamides and related ligands. Coord Chem Rev. 129(1-2) (1994) 91-156. doi:10.1016/0010-8545(94)85019-4
  • Hadjikakou SK, Ozturk II, Banti CN, Kourkoumelis N, Hadjiliadis N. Recent advances on antimony(III/V) compounds with potential activity against tumor cells. J Inorg Biochem. 153 (2015) 293-305. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.06.006
  • Mohan R. Green bismuth. Nat Chem. 2(4) (2010) 336. doi:10.1038/nchem.609
  • Kowalik M, Masternak J, Barszcz B. Recent Research Trends on Bismuth Compounds in Cancer Chemoand Radiotherapy. Curr Med Chem. 26(4) (2017) 729-759. doi:10.2174/0929867324666171003113540
  • Salvador JA, Figueiredo SA, Pinto RM, Silvestre SM. Bismuth compounds in medicinal chemistry. Future Med Chem. 4(11) (2012) 1495-1523. doi:10.4155/fmc.12.95
  • Ozturk II, Banti CN, Kourkoumelis N, et al. Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of antimony(III) or bismuth(III) chloride complexes with dithiocarbamate ligands derived from thiuram degradation. Polyhedron. 67 (2014) 89-103. doi:10.1016/j.poly.2013.08.052
  • Nomiya K, Sekino K, Ishikawa M, et al. Syntheses, crystal structures and antimicrobial activities of monomeric 8-coordinate, and dimeric and monomeric 7-coordinate bismuth(III) complexes with tridentate and pentadentate thiosemicarbazones and pentadentate semicarbazone ligands. J Inorg Biochem. 98(4) (2004) 601-615. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2004.01.011
  • Zhang N, Tai Y, Li M, Ma P, Zhao J, Niu J. Main group bismuth(III), gallium(III) and diorganotin(IV) complexes derived from bis(2-acetylpyrazine)thiocarbonohydrazone: synthesis, crystal structures and biological evaluation. Dalton Trans. 43(13) (2014) 5182-5189. doi:10.1039/c4dt00077c
  • Yarar S, Ozturk II, Banti CN, et al. Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxic properties of bismuth(III) chloride complexes with heterocyclic thioamides. Inorganica Chim Acta. 471 (2018) 23-33. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2017.10.026
  • Ozturk II, Sirinkaya ET, Cakmak M, et al. Structural and biological features of bismuth ( III ) halide complexes with heterocyclic thioamides. J Mol Struct. 1227 (2021) 129730. doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129730
  • Ozturk II, Banti CN, Hadjikakou SK, Panagiotou N, Tasiopoulos AJ. Structural architectures and biological properties of main group bismuth(III) iodide complexes with heterocyclic thioamides. Inorganica Chim Acta. (2019) 497. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2019.119094
  • Aygun O, Grześkiewicz AM, Banti CN, Hadjikakou SK, Kubicki M, Ozturk II. Monomeric octahedral bismuth(III) benzaldehyde-N1-alkyl thiosemicarbazones: synthesis, characterization and biological properties. Polyhedron. 215 (2022) 115683. doi:10.1016/j.poly.2022.115683
  • Ozturk II, Banti CN, Hadjikakou SK, Panagiotou N, Tasiopoulos AJ. Bismuth(III) halide complexes of aromatic thiosemicarbazones: Synthesis, structural characterization and biological evaluation. Polyhedron. 208 (2021) 115388. doi:10.1016/j.poly.2021.115388
  • Ucar O, Grześkiewicz AM, Banti C, Hadjikakou SK, Ozturk II. Structural characterization and biological evaluation of antimony(III) and bismuth(III) complexes with imidazolidine-2-thione. J Mol Struct. (2021) 1235. doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130270
  • Ali I, Wani WA, Saleem K. Empirical formulae to molecular structures of metal complexes by molar conductance. Synth React Inorganic, Met Nano-Metal Chem. 43(9) (2013) 1162-1170. doi:10.1080/15533174.2012.756898
  • Ippolito G, Leone S, Lauria FN, Nicastri E, Wenzel RP. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the superbug. Int J Infect Dis. 14 (2010) S7-S11. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2010.05.003
  • Yordanov D, Strateva T. Pseudomonas aeruginosa – a phenomenon of bacterial resistance. J Med Microbiol. 58(9) (2009) 1133-1148. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.009142-0
  • Poorabbas B, Mardaneh J, Rezaei Z, et al. Nosocomial Infections: Multicenter surveillance of antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Gram negative rods isolated from blood and other sterile body fluids in Iran. Iran J Microbiol. 7(3) (2015) 127-135.
  • Zhang Q, Yue C, Zhang Y, et al. Six metal-organic frameworks assembled from asymmetric triazole carboxylate ligands: Synthesis, crystal structures, photoluminescence properties and antibacterial activities. Inorganica Chim Acta. 473 (2018) 112-120. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2017.12.036
  • Tweedy BG. Plant Extracts with Metal Ions as Potential Antimicrobial Agents. Phytopathology. 55 (1964) 910-918.
  • Knapp MJ, Klinman JP. Kinetic Studies of Oxygen Reactivity in Soybean Lipoxygenase-1 †. Biochemistry. 42 (2003) 11466-11475.
  • Pidgeon GP, Lysaght J, Krishnamoorthy S, et al. Lipoxygenase metabolism: Roles in tumor progression and survival. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 26(3-4) (2007) 503-524. doi:10.1007/s10555-007-9098-3
  • Balas VI, Verginadis II, Geromichalos GD, et al. Synthesis, structural characterization and biological studies of the triphenyltin(IV) complex with 2-thiobarbituric acid. Eur J Med Chem. 46(7) (2011) 2835-2844. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.04.005
  • Banti CN, Papatriantafyllopoulou C, Manoli M, Tasiopoulos AJ, Hadjikakou SK. Nimesulide Silver Metallodrugs, Containing the Mitochondriotropic, Triaryl Derivatives of Pnictogen; Anticancer Activity against Human Breast Cancer Cells. Inorg Chem. 55 (2016) 8681–8696. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01241
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

İbrahim İsmet Öztürk 0000-0003-3164-0038

Muazzez Gürgan Eser 0000-0002-2966-1510

Proje Numarası NKUBAP.01.DS.19.196
Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Eylül 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 9 Ağustos 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Öztürk İİ, Gürgan Eser M. Synthesis, Characterization, Anti-bacterial and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Bismuth(III) Complexes Based on 5-chloro-2-mercaptobenzothiazole. Hittite J Sci Eng. 2022;9(3):225-33.

Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.