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Development and Integration of Inkjet-Printed Strain Sensors for Angle Measurement of an Origami-Based Delta Mechanism

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 295 - 304, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.17350/HJSE19030000283

Öz

An origami-based parallel mechanism is an excellent solution for various applications where small-scale, low profile and foldability are needed. These mechanisms are composed of rigid and flexible layers designed according to layer-by-layer fabrication methods. In addition, it becomes important to design functional layers that provide user feedback. Here, the design and fabrication of an origami-based 3 Degree-of-Freedom (DoF) Delta mechanism, which has the same traditional kinematics as a Delta mechanism, are presented. A sensor layer was designed composed of 3 strain gauges to measure the angular position of the actuated arm of the mechanism. The strain-gauge patterns were printed on a special Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using Silver nanoparticle ink with a commercial desktop printer. The integration of these sensors has been studied by placing them in different locations between rigid layers. The sensors' outputs were presented when subjected to step and sinusoidal inputs of the actuated arm. The experiment results show that the developed sensor layer can track the angular position changes of the actuated lower arm, which is a promising result to be used in a control loop in the feature.

Destekleyen Kurum

Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK)

Proje Numarası

216M193

Kaynakça

  • López M, Castillo E, García G, Bashir A. Delta robot: Inverse, direct, and intermediate Jacobians. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 220 (2006) 103–109.
  • Vischer P, Clavel R, Argos A. Novel 3-DoF Parallel Wrist Mechanism. The International Journal of Robotics Research 19 (2000) 5–11.
  • Rey L and Clavel R The Delta Parallel Robot. Parallel Kinematic Machines, 53 (1999) 401–417.
  • Pernette E, Henein S, Magnani I, Clavel R. Design of parallel robots in microrobotics. Robotica, 15 (1997) 417–420.
  • Codourey A, Perroud S, Mussard Y. Miniature Reconfigurable Assembly Line for Small Products. Paper presented at Precision Assembly Technologies for Mini and Micro Products. 19-21 February, Bad Hofgastein. Springer, pp. 193–200, 2006.
  • Tanikawa T et al. Design of 3DOF Parallel Mechanism with Thin Plate for Micro Finger Module in Micro Manipulation. Paper presented at IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, Lausanne, 30 September-04 October, pp. 1778–1783, 2002.
  • Whitney J P et al. Pop-up book MEMS. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 21 (2011) 115021–115027.
  • Wood R J. Design, fabrication, and analysis of a 3DOF, 3cm flapping-wing MAV. 2007 Paper presented at IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, San Diego, 29 October-2 November pp. 1576–1581, 2007.
  • Birkmeyer P, Peterson K and Fearing RS. DASH: A dynamic 16g hexapedal robot. Paper presented at IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, St. Louis, 10-15 October pp. 2683–2689, 2009.
  • Baisch AT, Ozcan O, Goldberg B, Ithier D, Wood RJ. High speed locomotion for a quadrupedal microrobot. The International Journal of Robotics Research. 33 (2014) 1063–1082.
  • Zhakypov Z, Mori K, Hosoda K et al. Designing minimal and scalable insect-inspired multi-locomotion millirobots. Nature. 571 (2019) 381–386.
  • Jafferis NT, Helbling EF, Karpelson M, et al. Untethered flight of an insect-sized flapping-wing microscale aerial vehicle. Nature 570 (2019) 491–495.
  • Russo S, Ranzani T, Gafford J, Walsh CJ and Wood RJ. Soft pop-up mechanisms for micro surgical tools: Design and characterization of compliant millimeter-scale articulated structures. Paper presented at IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Stokholm, 16-21 May, pp. 750–757, 2016.
  • Gafford J et al. Snap-On Robotic Wrist Module for Enhanced Dexterity in Endoscopic Surgery. Paper presented at IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Stokholm, 16-21 May, pp. 4398–4405, 2016.
  • Salerno M, Zhang K, Menciassi A and Dai JS. A novel 4-DOFs origami enabled, SMA actuated, robotic end-effector for minimally invasive surgery. Paper presented at IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), Hong Kong, 31 May – 7 June pp. 2844–2849, 2014.
  • Temel FZ, McClintock H, Doshi N, Koh JS, and Wood RJ. The MilliDelta: A High-Bandwidth, High-Precision, Millimeter-Scale Delta Robot. Science Robotics. 3 (2018).
  • Mintchev S, Salerno M, Cherpillod A et al. A portable three-degrees-of-freedom force feedback origami robot for human–robot interactions, Nature Machine Intelligence 1 (2019) 584–593.
  • Kalafat MA, Sevinç H, Samankan S, Altınkaynak A, and Temel Z. A Novel Origami-Inspired Delta Mechanism With Flat Parallelogram Joints. ASME. J. Mechanisms Robotics. 13 (2021) 021005.
  • Firouzeh A, Amon-Junior AF, Paik J. Soft piezoresistive sensor model and characterization with varying design parameters. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 233 (2015) 158–168.
  • Kwak B, Bae J. Compliant mechanosensory composite (CMC): a compliant mechanism with an embedded sensing ability based on electric contact resistance. Smart Materials and Structures 27 (2018) 125003.
  • Maddipatla D, Narakathu BB, Atashbar M. Recent Progress in Manufacturing Techniques of Printed and Flexible Sensors: A Review. Biosensors 10 (2020) 199.
  • Ando B, Baglio S. All-inkjet printed strain sensors. IEEE Sensors Journal 13 (2013) 4874–4879.
  • Sun X, Felton SM, Wood RJ, Kim S. Printing angle sensors for foldable robots. Paper presented at IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), Hamburg, 28 September-2 October, pp. 1725-1731, 2015.
  • Vadgama N, Steimle J. Flexy: Shape-customizable, single-layer, inkjet printable patterns for 1d and 2d flex sensing. Paper presented at Eleventh International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction, Yokohama, 20-23 March, pp.153-162, 2017.
  • Ando B, Baglio S, Bulsara AR, Emery T, Marletta V, Pistorio A. Low-Cost Inkjet Printing Technology for the Rapid Prototyping of Transducers. Sensors 17 (2017) 748.
  • Correa JE, Toombs J, Toombs N, Ferreira PM. Laminated Micro-Machine: Design and Fabrication of a Flexure-Based Delta Robot. Journal of Manufacturing Processes 24 (2016) 370–375.
Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 295 - 304, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.17350/HJSE19030000283

Öz

Proje Numarası

216M193

Kaynakça

  • López M, Castillo E, García G, Bashir A. Delta robot: Inverse, direct, and intermediate Jacobians. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 220 (2006) 103–109.
  • Vischer P, Clavel R, Argos A. Novel 3-DoF Parallel Wrist Mechanism. The International Journal of Robotics Research 19 (2000) 5–11.
  • Rey L and Clavel R The Delta Parallel Robot. Parallel Kinematic Machines, 53 (1999) 401–417.
  • Pernette E, Henein S, Magnani I, Clavel R. Design of parallel robots in microrobotics. Robotica, 15 (1997) 417–420.
  • Codourey A, Perroud S, Mussard Y. Miniature Reconfigurable Assembly Line for Small Products. Paper presented at Precision Assembly Technologies for Mini and Micro Products. 19-21 February, Bad Hofgastein. Springer, pp. 193–200, 2006.
  • Tanikawa T et al. Design of 3DOF Parallel Mechanism with Thin Plate for Micro Finger Module in Micro Manipulation. Paper presented at IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, Lausanne, 30 September-04 October, pp. 1778–1783, 2002.
  • Whitney J P et al. Pop-up book MEMS. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 21 (2011) 115021–115027.
  • Wood R J. Design, fabrication, and analysis of a 3DOF, 3cm flapping-wing MAV. 2007 Paper presented at IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, San Diego, 29 October-2 November pp. 1576–1581, 2007.
  • Birkmeyer P, Peterson K and Fearing RS. DASH: A dynamic 16g hexapedal robot. Paper presented at IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, St. Louis, 10-15 October pp. 2683–2689, 2009.
  • Baisch AT, Ozcan O, Goldberg B, Ithier D, Wood RJ. High speed locomotion for a quadrupedal microrobot. The International Journal of Robotics Research. 33 (2014) 1063–1082.
  • Zhakypov Z, Mori K, Hosoda K et al. Designing minimal and scalable insect-inspired multi-locomotion millirobots. Nature. 571 (2019) 381–386.
  • Jafferis NT, Helbling EF, Karpelson M, et al. Untethered flight of an insect-sized flapping-wing microscale aerial vehicle. Nature 570 (2019) 491–495.
  • Russo S, Ranzani T, Gafford J, Walsh CJ and Wood RJ. Soft pop-up mechanisms for micro surgical tools: Design and characterization of compliant millimeter-scale articulated structures. Paper presented at IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Stokholm, 16-21 May, pp. 750–757, 2016.
  • Gafford J et al. Snap-On Robotic Wrist Module for Enhanced Dexterity in Endoscopic Surgery. Paper presented at IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Stokholm, 16-21 May, pp. 4398–4405, 2016.
  • Salerno M, Zhang K, Menciassi A and Dai JS. A novel 4-DOFs origami enabled, SMA actuated, robotic end-effector for minimally invasive surgery. Paper presented at IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), Hong Kong, 31 May – 7 June pp. 2844–2849, 2014.
  • Temel FZ, McClintock H, Doshi N, Koh JS, and Wood RJ. The MilliDelta: A High-Bandwidth, High-Precision, Millimeter-Scale Delta Robot. Science Robotics. 3 (2018).
  • Mintchev S, Salerno M, Cherpillod A et al. A portable three-degrees-of-freedom force feedback origami robot for human–robot interactions, Nature Machine Intelligence 1 (2019) 584–593.
  • Kalafat MA, Sevinç H, Samankan S, Altınkaynak A, and Temel Z. A Novel Origami-Inspired Delta Mechanism With Flat Parallelogram Joints. ASME. J. Mechanisms Robotics. 13 (2021) 021005.
  • Firouzeh A, Amon-Junior AF, Paik J. Soft piezoresistive sensor model and characterization with varying design parameters. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 233 (2015) 158–168.
  • Kwak B, Bae J. Compliant mechanosensory composite (CMC): a compliant mechanism with an embedded sensing ability based on electric contact resistance. Smart Materials and Structures 27 (2018) 125003.
  • Maddipatla D, Narakathu BB, Atashbar M. Recent Progress in Manufacturing Techniques of Printed and Flexible Sensors: A Review. Biosensors 10 (2020) 199.
  • Ando B, Baglio S. All-inkjet printed strain sensors. IEEE Sensors Journal 13 (2013) 4874–4879.
  • Sun X, Felton SM, Wood RJ, Kim S. Printing angle sensors for foldable robots. Paper presented at IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), Hamburg, 28 September-2 October, pp. 1725-1731, 2015.
  • Vadgama N, Steimle J. Flexy: Shape-customizable, single-layer, inkjet printable patterns for 1d and 2d flex sensing. Paper presented at Eleventh International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction, Yokohama, 20-23 March, pp.153-162, 2017.
  • Ando B, Baglio S, Bulsara AR, Emery T, Marletta V, Pistorio A. Low-Cost Inkjet Printing Technology for the Rapid Prototyping of Transducers. Sensors 17 (2017) 748.
  • Correa JE, Toombs J, Toombs N, Ferreira PM. Laminated Micro-Machine: Design and Fabrication of a Flexure-Based Delta Robot. Journal of Manufacturing Processes 24 (2016) 370–375.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Merve Acer Kalafat 0000-0002-5203-7775

Proje Numarası 216M193
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Ekim 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Acer Kalafat M. Development and Integration of Inkjet-Printed Strain Sensors for Angle Measurement of an Origami-Based Delta Mechanism. Hittite J Sci Eng. 2022;9(4):295-304.

Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.