Amyotrofik Lateral Skleroz Patofizyolojisi ve Tedavi Yaklaşımları

Abstract

Ülkemizde her yıl 1500 ile 4500 kişiye tanısı konulan ALS ilerleyici kas fonksiyon kaybı ile kendini gösteren ölümcül bir nörodejeneratif hastalık olarak bilinmektedir. Günden güne bireylerin kendi temel ihtiyaçlarını dahi tek başına karşılayamadığı bu hastalığın patogenezinde glutamat eksitotoksisitesi ve genetik faktörler en önemli etmenler olarak görülmektedir. Birçok semptomatik ve tedaviye yönelik ilaç araştırmaları devam etse de tedavi protokolünde yalnızca FDA onaylı riluzol ve edaravon yer almaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra hem hastalığın önlenmesi ve tedavi edilmesi hem de semptomların iyileştirilmesi ve hastaların yaşam kalitesinin arttırılmasında hücre bazlı tedavilerden ve fitoterapiden de yararlanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile ALS hastalığının patogenezine, tedavisine ve tedavisindeki gelişmelere yer verilerek ilaçların tedavi potansiyelleri incelenmiş ve yeni çalışmalara yol göstermesi amacıyla bir değerlendirme hazırlanmıştır.

Keywords

• Amyotrofik lateral skleroz
• nörodejenerasyon
• patogenez
• riluzol

An Evaluation of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Current Situation in Its Treatment

Abstract

ALS, which is diagnosed in 1500 to 4500 people every year in our country, is known as a fatal neurodegenerative disease manifested by progressive loss of muscle function. Glutamate excitotoxicity and genetic factors are seen as the most important factors in the pathogenesis of this disease, where individuals cannot even meet their own basic needs day by day. Although research on a lot of symptomatic and therapeutic drugs continues, only FDA-approved riluzole and edaravone are included in the treatment protocol. In addition, cell-based therapies and phytotherapy have also been used in both the prevention and treatment of the disease, the improvement of the symptoms, and the improvement of the quality of life of the patients. In this study, the pathogenesis of ALS disease, its treatment, and the development of the treatment were included, the treatment potentials of drugs were examined and an evaluation was prepared to guide future studies.

Keywords

• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• neurodegeneration
• pathogenesis
• riluzole

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