Perspectives of oral antidiabetics in the physical inactivity and its sequelae-Relations to the circulating myokines (Irisin and myostatin): A review

Year 2025, Volume: 45 Issue: 4, 353 - 366, 01.12.2025

Marwan Al-nimer , Vian Esmail

https://doi.org/10.52794/hujpharm.1568079

Abstract

ABSTRACT
There are interactions between the effects of oral antidiabetics on physical activity, sarcopenia, dysmobility syndrome, and circulating myokine levels. The geriatric population with type 2 diabetes mellitus are more likely to develop sarcopenia or dysmobility because they are physically inactive due to metabolic dysfunction. In this review, we examined appropriate testing for sarcopenia or dysmobility syndrome (muscle wasting and osteoporosis) and levels of myokines or exerkines, notably irisin and myostatin, which indicate the level of physical activity. Our data showed that the effects of oral antidiabetics on skeletal muscle volume, strength, and bone mineral density were inconsistent. Furthermore, certain oral antidiabetics aggravate sarcopenia in sedentary people, whereas others require physiotherapy. An intriguing discovery is that some oral antidiabetics considerably boost circulating irisin levels associated with greater physical activity and skeletal muscle strength. Exercise rehabilitation is recommended to counteract the detrimental effects of certain oral antidiabetics on sarcopenia or dysmobility syndrome. Exogenous irisin and myostatin inhibitors supplementation is still in the experimental phase.

Keywords

Oral antidiabetics , Physical activity , Sarcopenia , Dysmobility syndrome , Myokines

Ethical Statement

This is a narrative review that it does not require ethical statement as our committees informed us

Supporting Institution

University of Diyala

Thanks

I appreciate your cooperation

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