Bitkisel Lipaz Kaynakları ve Kullanım Alanları

Abstract

Enzimler; substrata özgü olan, hücre içinde ve dışında birçok biyolojik reaksiyonda görev alan protein yapısındaki biyokatalizörlerdir. Lipazlar (triaçilgliserol açil hidrolazlar), gliserol ve uzun zincirli yağ asitlerinden oluşan esterlerin hidrolizini ve sentezini katalizleyen enzimlerdir. Diğer sentetik katalizörlere kıyasla toksik olmayan ve çevre dostu olan lipazların kullanımları gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Günümüzde geldiğimiz Endüstri 4.0 sürecine uyum sağlayan gıda, kimya, yakıt, kağıt ve selüloz, ilaç, kozmetik, parfüm ve temizlik endüstrilerinde; gelişen biyoteknolojik uygulamalardan da güç alarak geleneksel yöntemlerin yerine enzimlerin kullanıldığı yeni nesil uygulamalara geçilmiştir. Bu noktada; kullanılan/geliştirilen basit, duyarlı, hızlı ve spesifik enzim saflaştırma metodlarıyla elde edilen aşırı koşullarda sürdürülebilirlik yeteneğine sahip lipazların önemi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bu derlemede, lipaz enziminin uygulama alanlarından bahsedilmiş, üretiminde yüksek enzim maliyetlerini hafifletebilecek doğal kaynakların çeşitliliğine dikkat çekilmiştir.

Keywords

• Enzim
• lipazlar
• triaçilgliseroller
• lipaz kaynakları

Herbal Lipase Sources and Uses

Abstract

Enzymes; They are protein catalyst biocatalysts that are specific to the substrate and are involved in many biological reactions inside and outside the cell. Lipases (triacylglycerol acyl hydrolases) are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis and synthesis of esters consisting of glycerol and long chain fatty acids. The use of non-toxic and environmentally friendly lipases is increasing day by day compared to other synthetic catalysts. In the food, chemical, fuel, paper and cellulose, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, perfume and cleaning industries, which adapt to the Industry 4.0 process we have reached today; By taking power from the developing biotechnological applications, new generation applications were used in which enzymes were used instead of traditional methods. At this point; The importance of lipases that are capable of sustainability in extreme conditions obtained by simple, sensitive, fast and specific enzyme purification methods used / developed is increasing day by day. In this review, the application areas of the lipase enzyme are mentioned and attention is drawn to the diversity of natural resources that can alleviate high enzyme costs in its production.

Keywords

• Enzyme
• lipases
• triacylglycerols
• lipase sources

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