Endokrin Bozucu Kimyasal Maddeler ve Kanser Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi ve Korunma Önerileri

Year 2019, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 44 - 57, 15.01.2019

Büşra Yıldız Fendoğlu Belma Koçer- Gümüşel Pınar Erkekoğlu

Abstract

Günümüzde başta çocuklar olmak üzere toplumun geneli için farklı endokrin bo- zucu kimyasal maddelere (EDCler) maruziyet ile ortaya çıkabilecek patolojik du- rumlar çok geniş bir yelpazede gerçekleşebilir. Başta üreme sistemi olmak üzere, birçok sistem ve organ EDC maruziyetinden etkilenebilir. Kanser hem gelişmiş hem de gelişmekte olan ülkelerde tüm yaş grup ve sosyoekonomik düzeyleri ilgilendiren önemli bir patolojik durumdur. Özellikle son yirmi yılda kanser insidansı dünya genelinde önemli bir artış göstermiştir. 2015 yılında dünya genelinde yaklaşık 8,8 milyon kişi kanserden ölmüştür ve aynı ölen her 6 kişiden birinin kanserden öldüğü ifade edilmektedir. Özellikle endüstrinin geliştiği ülkel- erde kanser insidansındaki artış, birçok farklı EDC’lere tek tek ve karışım halinde maruziyet ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Ancak, EDC’lerin insanlarda hangi kanser- leri ne oranda arttırdığına dair literatürde güvenilir veriler bulunmamaktadır. Bu derleme kapsamında, EDC’lerin kanserle olan ilişkisi kapsamlı bir literatür taraması yapılarak incelenmiştir. Literatürdeki birçok çalışmada meme, prostat, testis, pankreas, Non-Hodgkin lenfoma ve diğer hematopoetik kanserler gibi farklı birçok kanser türünün ortaya çıkışında EDC’lerin etkisinin olabileceği belirtilmiştir. Ayrıca, bu derleme kapsamında toplumun EDC’lerin toksik et- kilerinden korunması, bu bileşiklere karşı toplumun farkındalığın arttırılması ve EDC’lere temas sonrası ortaya çıkabilecek kanser dahil birçok patolojik duru- mun önlenmesini sağlamak amacıyla alınması gereken önlemler sunulmuştur.

Keywords

kanser, endokrin bozucu kimyasal madde, ftalatlar, bisfenol A

Evaluation of the Association between Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Cancer and Prevention Suggestions

Abstract

Today, a wide range pathological conditions can be caused by exposure to en- docrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the general population, particularly in children. The reproductive system is the main target for EDCs whereas several systems and organs can be affected from EDC exposure. Cancer is a pathological condition that affects all of the age groups and socioeconomic classes in both developed and developing countries. Particularly in the last twenty years, cancer incidence is rising throughout the globe. In 2015, nearly 8.8 million people died because of cancer and it is indicated that this corresponds to 1 in 6 of all deaths in the same year. The rise of cancer incidence in particularly industrialized countries is associated with exposure the EDC one by one or in mixtures. However, there is no reliable information in literature about EDCs and how much they can increase different cancer outcomes in humans. In this review, the association of EDCs with cancer is investigated by a comp- rehensive literature evaluation. Several studies in literature indicated that EDCs may have an impact on the outcome of different cancer types, including cancers of breast, pros- tate, testis, pancreas as well as Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and the other type of hematopoietic cancers. In addition, this review also covers and suggests certain precautions for preventing the toxicity of these chemicals, increasing awa- reness of the society against these compounds and preclu- ding several pathological conditions, including cancer after exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals.

Keywords

endocrine system, cancer, endocrine disrupting chemicals, phatalates, bisphenol A

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