Composition and Bioactivities of n-Hexane Extract from Jatropha integerrima Aerial Parts in Vietnam

Year 2025, Volume: 45 Issue: 3, 200 - 210, 01.09.2025

Ty Viet Pham , Long Le Thanh , Ha Thu Le , Duc Viet Ho , Hanh Nhu Thi Hoang

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties of the n-hexane fraction extracted from the aerial parts of Jatropha integerrima. Aerial parts of the plant were harvested from Quang Tri, Vietnam, and extracted with n-hexane. The chemical composition of the n-hexane fraction was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant potential was measured by the DPPH assay, anti-inflammatory effects were assessed through nitric oxide inhibition in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells, and antimicrobial activity was determined using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. GC-MS analysis revealed 27 compounds in the n-hexane fraction, representing 99.3% of the total. Major constituents included methyl palmitate (25.6%), methyl oleate (22.1%), methyl linoleate (12.8%), methyl stearate (12.1%), palmitic acid (5.2%), and stearic acid (4.2%). The n-hexane extract showed weak antioxidant activity (IC50 = 1624.64 ± 24.96 µg/mL), strong anti-inflammatory effects (IC50 = 185.91 ± 8.08 µg/mL), and moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 512 µg/mL). According to the results, there is hope for the semi-volatile and GC-MS-detectable lipophilic components in the J. integerrima n-hexane extract to be investigated further as potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial agents.

Keywords

Jatropha integerrima , Antioxidant , Anti-Inflammatory , Antimicrobial , GC-MS

Ethical Statement

The authors have completely observed ethical issues including double publication, plagiarism, and data fabrication.

Project Number

This research was supported by Hue University (ID No. DHH2024-02-185)

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