Kadınlarda Üriner İnkontinans ve Benlik Saygısı Arasındaki İlişki

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, idrar kaçırmanın benlik saygısı üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktadır. Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan bu araştırma, bir sağlık ocağına başvuran 252 kadın ile yapılmıştır. Veriler, Uluslararası İnkontinans Anketi Kısa Formu (ICIQ-SF) ve Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği (RSES) ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Üriner inkontinansı olan kadınlar orta düzeyde benlik saygısına sahipken, üriner inkontinansı olmayan kadınlar yüksek düzeyde benlik saygısına sahipti. Korelasyon analizinde ICIQ-SF ile RSES (toplam, pozitif, negatif) arasında negatif ve orta düzeyde anlamlılık bulundu (p=0,001). Sonuç: Sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından üriner inkontinansın sorgulanması, hastaların erken teşhis edilmesi, bilinçlendirilmesi ve tedavi hakkında bilgilendirilmesi hastaların yaşam kalitelerinin ve benlik saygılarının artmasına katkı sağlayabilir.

Keywords

• Kadın cinsiyet
• İdrar kaçırma
• Benlik saygısı.

The Relationship Between Urinary Incontinence and Self-Esteem of Woman

Abstract

Objectives: In this study, urinary incontinence and self-esteem in women were investigated. Methods: This research is of descriptive type. The sample consisted of 252 female patients who applied to the family health center. The data was collected with the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Results: Women with urinary incontinence had a moderate level of self-esteem, while women without urinary incontinence had a high level of self-esteem. In the correlation analysis, a negative, moderately highly significant relationship was found between ICIQ-SF and RSES (p=0.001). Conclusion: Questioning urinary incontinence by healthcare professionals, early diagnosis of patients, raising awareness, and informing them about treatment may contribute to the improvement of patients' quality of life and self-esteem.

Keywords

• female gender
• urinary incontinence
• self esteem

References

1. Amanak, K., Sevı̇l, Ü. (2020). Comparison of Life satisfaction and social anxiety levels in women with and without urinary ıncontinence. Journal of Duzce University Health Sciences Institute, 10(2):217-222.
2. Aoki, Y., Brown, H. W., Brubaker, L., Cornu, J. N., & Daly, J. O. (2017). Urinary incontinance in women. Nature Reviews. Disease Primers, 3: 17042. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2017.42.
3. Avery, K., Donovan, J., Peters, T.J., Shaw, C., Gotoh, M., Abrams, P. (2004). ICIQ: a brief and robust measure for evaluating the symptoms and impact of urinary incontinence. Neurourology and Urodynamics, 23(4): 322-30. doi: 10.1002/nau.20041. PMID: 15227649.
4. Aylaz, R., Işık, K., Bayır, B., & Yetiş, G. (2016). The effect of urinary incontinance on quality of life in women 65 years and older. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2): 19-25.
5. Aynacı, G. (2020). Women with Hidden urinary incontinence waiting to be discovered: a snapshot from a developing country. Journal of Basic Clinical Health Sciences, 1: 7-14.
6. Biswas, B., Bhattacharyya, A., Dasgupta, A., Karmakar, A., Mallick, N., & Sembiah, S. (2017). Urinary incontinence, its risk factors, and quality of life: A study among women aged 50 years and above in a rural health facility of West Bengal. Journal of Mid-Life Health, 8(3): 130-136.
7. Boylu, İ., Dağlar, G. (2019). Kadınlarda üriner inkontinans ve damgalanma. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(2): 58-63.
8. Çetinel, B., Özkan, B., & Can, G. (2004). ICIQ-SF türkçe versiyonu validasyon (geçerlilik) çalışması. Türk Üroloji Dergisi, 30(3): 332-338.

9. Chiu, M., Wong, H. T., & Yang, X. (2020). Distress due to urinary problems and psychosocial correlates among retired men in Hong Kong. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7): 2533. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072533.
10. Choi, H., Park, J. Y., Yeo, J. K., Oh, M. M., Moon du, G., Lee, J. G., Bae, J. H. (2015). Population-based survey on disease insight, quality of life, and health-seeking behavior associated with female urinary incontinence. International Neurourology Journal, 19: 39-46. https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.2015.19.1.39.
11. Clucas, C. (2020). Understanding self-respect and its relationship to self-esteem. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 46(6): 839-855.
12. Elbana, H., Salama, A., & Barakat, M. (2018). Effect of urinary incontinance on quality of life and self esteem of postmenopausal women. American Journal of Nursing Science, 7(5): 182-191. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20180705.15.
13. García, J. A., Olmos, F. C., Matheu, M. L., Carreño, T. P. (2019). Self esteem levels vs global scores on the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Heliyon, 5: e01378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01378.
14. Gümüşsoy, S., Kavlak, O., Dönmez, S. (2019). Investigation of body image, self‐esteem, and quality of life in women with urinary incontinence. International Journal of Nursing Practice, e12762. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12762.
15. Hepper, E. G. (2016). Self-Esteem. In: Howard S. Friedman (Editor), Encyclopedia of Mental Health, 2nd Edition, Vol 4, Waltham, MA: Academic Press, pp. 80-91.
16. Hsieh CH, Su TH, Chang ST, Lin SH, Lee MC, & Lee MY. (2017). Prevalence of and attitude toward urinary incontinance in postmenopausal women. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 100(2): 171-174.
17. İrer, B., Şen, V., Demir, Ö., Bozkurt, O., Esen, A. (2018). Üriner inkontinans alt tiplerinin yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkileri: Doktora başvurmada üriner inkontinans alt tipinin önemi var mı? Ortadoğu Tıp Dergisi, 10(1): 8-12.
18. Jurášková, M., Piler, P., Kukla, L., Švancara, J., Daňsová, P., Hruban, L., Kandrnal. V., & Pikhart, H. (2020). Association between stress urinary incontinance and depressive symptoms after birth: The Czech ELSPAC Study. Scientific Reports, 10: 6233. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62589-5.
19. Kadıoğlu, M., Kızılkaya Beji, N. (2016). Üriner inkontinansın tedavisinde önerilen yaşam biçimi uygulamalarına güncel yaklaşım. Sağlık Bilimleri ve Meslekleri Dergisi, 3(3): 201-207.
20. Kuoch, K. L. J., Hebbard, G.S., O’Connell, H. E., Austin, D. W., Knowles, S.R. (2019). Urinary and faecal incontinence: psychological factors and management recommendations. New Zealand Medical Journal, 132: 1503.
21. Lee, H.Y., Rhee, Y., & Choi, K.S. (2021). Urinary incontinance and the association with depression, stress, and self-esteem in older Korean Women. Scientific Reports, 11: 9054. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88740-4.
22. Lim, R., Liong, M. L., Leong, W. S., Lau, Y. K., Khan, N. A. K., & Yuen, K. H. (2017). The impact of stress urinary incontinence on individual components of quality of life in Malaysian women. Urology, 112: 38–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2017.10.019
23. O’Reilly, N., Nelson, H. D., Conry, J. M., Frost, J., Gregory, K. D., Kendig, S. M., Phipps, M., Salganicocoff, A., Ramos, D., Zahn, C., & Qaseem, A. (2018). Screening for urinary incontinance in women: A recommendation from the women’s preventive services initiative. Annals of Internal Medicine, 169(5): 320-328. https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0595.
24. Öz, Ö., & Altay, B. (2017). Üriner inkontinans risk faktörleri ve hemşirelik yaklaşımı. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1): 34-37.
25. Özcan, A., Avcı, I.A. (2021). Impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life among older adults living in a rural area of Turkey. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47(6): 43-52. https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20210510-03.
26. Saboia, D.M., Firmiano, M. L. V., Bezerra, K. C., Vasconcelos, J. A. N., Oriá, M. O. B., Vasconcelos, C. T. M. (2017). Impact of urinary incontinance types on women's quality of life. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, 21: 51:e03266. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2016032603266.
27. Sinclair, A. J., Ramsay, I. N. (2011). The psychosocial impact of urinary incontinence in women. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist, 13: 143–148.
28. Southall, K., Tuazon, J. R., Djokhdem, A. H., Heuvel, E. A., Wittich, W., Jutai, J. W. (2017). Assessing the stigma content of urinary incontinance intervention outcome measures. Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering, 4: 1-13.
29. Tezcan, B. (2009). Obez Bireylerde Benlik Saygısı, Beden Algısı ve Travmatik Geçmiş Yaşantılar. Uzmanlık Tezi, T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Ruh sağlığı ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul.
30. Uğurlucan, F. G., Comba, C., Emegil, Ş., Yalçın, Ö. (2016). Thoughts and attitudes toward urinary incontınence in Turkey. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 79; 141–146.
31. Woods, N. F., Mitchell, E. S. (2013). Consequences of incontinence for women during the menopausal transition and early postmenopause: observations from the Seattle Midlife Women’s Health Study. Menopause, 20: 915-920.