Meme Kanserli Kadınlarda Tedavi Süresince Beslenme Durumu ve Yaşam Kalitesi Etkilenir mi?: Takip Çalışması

Abstract

Amaç: Meme kanseri kadınlar arasında en yaygın kanserlerden biridir. Teşhis ve tedavisi bireyin yaşamını çeşitli yönlerini önemli ölçüde etkileyebilir. Bu çalışmada yeni tanı almış meme kanserli kadınların cerrahi öncesi (T1), tedavi öncesi (T2), tedavinin altıncı ayı (T3) ve on ikinci ayında (T4) beslenme durumu, beslenme sorunları ve yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışma prospektif olarak planlanmıştır. Araştırmaya ilk kez meme kanser tanısı almış 19-64 yaş arası kadın bireyler dâhil edilmiştir. Beslenme durumunun değerlendirmesinde Hasta Odaklı Subjektif Global Değerlendirme (PG-SGA) kullanılmıştır. Yaşam kalitesi, Avrupa Kanser Araştırma ve Tedavi Organizasyonu Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği-Kanser 30 ile Avrupa Kanser Araştırma ve Tedavi Organizasyonu Meme Kanserine Özgü Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 23 programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 45,4±9,5 yıl olan meme kanser tanılı 32 kadın katılmıştır. Hastalara en sık uygulanan cerrahi yöntem (%31,2) modifiye radikal mastektomidir. Cerrahiden sonra kadınların %62,5’i kemoterapi ve %37,5’i kemoradyoterapi almıştır. T1 döneminde meme kanserli kadınların tümünün beslenme durumu iyi beslenmiş olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bununla birlikte orta malnütrisyonlu veya malnütrisyon şüphesi olan bireylerin oranı T2, T3 ve T4 dönemlerinde sırasıyla %3,2, %12,5 ve %3,2’dir. PG-SGA puanı ile genel sağlık durumu/yaşam kalitesi puanı arasında T2 (rho=-0,496, p=0,004) ve T3 (rho=-0,427, p=0,015) dönemlerinde negatif yönde orta düzeyde ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç: İzlem süresince meme kanserli kadınlarda malnütrisyon oranının düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ancak beslenme durumu ve yaşam kalitesi arasında ilişki bulunmuştur. Meme kanseri tanısı almış kadınların karşılaşabilecekleri beslenme ve psikolojik sorunlarının onkoloji alanında bilgi ve deneyimi olan sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından takip edilmesi beslenme durumu ve yaşam kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi açısından önemlidir.

Keywords

• meme kanseri
• beslenme durumu
• yaşam kalitesi

Are Nutritional Status and Quality of Life Affected in the Treatment Process of Women with Breast Cancer?: Follow-up Study

Abstract

Objectives: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers among women. Diagnosis and treatment could significantly impact various aspects of life. This study aims to evaluate nutritional status, nutritional problems, and quality of life (QL) of women diagnosed with BC before surgery (T1), before treatment (T2), at the sixth (T3), and at the twelfth month of treatment (T4). Materials and Methods: The study was prospectively planned. Women aged between 19 and 64, who were newly diagnosed with BC were included. Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) was used to assess the nutritional status. QL was evaluated using the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire 30 and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire and Breast Cancer. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23. Results: A total of 32 patients participated. The mean age was 45.4±9.5 years. The most performed surgical method was modified radical mastectomy (31.2%). After surgery, 62.5% of women received chemotherapy, while 37.5% received chemoradiotherapy. At T1, all patients were evaluated as well-nourished. However, at T2, T3, and T4, 3.2%, 12.5%, and 3.2% of patients had moderate malnutrition. A moderate negative correlation was found between PG-SGA and QL score at T2 (rho=-0.496, p=0.004) and T3 (rho=-0.427, p=0.015). Conclusions: Malnutrition rate was found to be low in women with BC. However, nutritional status was associated with QL. It is crucial that nutritional and psychological issues should be monitored by health professionals to improve nutritional status and QL.

Keywords

• quality of life
• breast cancer
• nutritional status

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