Postmenopozal Dönemdeki Kadınlarda Fiziksel Aktivite Profili ve Menopozal Semptomlar

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma postmenopozal dönemdeki kadınların fiziksel aktivite profilini incelemeyi ve bu dönemdeki kadınlarda fiziksel aktivite seviyesi ile menopozal semptomların şiddeti arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçladı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya 125 postmenopozal kadın dahil edildi (yaş: 56,69±4,93 yıl, beden kütle indeksi: 30,28±5,10 kg/m2). Fiziksel aktivite seviyesi Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (UFAA) ile, menopoz semptomları şiddeti Menopoz Semptomları Değerlendirme Ölçeği (MSDÖ) ile ve fiziksel aktivite bariyerleri ise araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan bir anket ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Postmenopozal kadınların 51’i (%40,8) inaktif, 57’si (%45,6) minimal aktif ve 17’si (%13,6) çok aktif fiziksel aktivite seviyesine sahipti. En fazla bildirilen fiziksel aktivite bariyerleri ‘’Benimle fiziksel aktivite yapacak arkadaşım yok.’’, ‘’Ailesel sorumluluklarımdan dolayı düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapamıyorum.’’, ‘’Fiziksel aktivite yapmak için enerjim yok/çok yoruluyorum.’’ ve ‘’Serbest zamanlarımda fiziksel aktivite yapmak yerine dinlenmeyi/diğer sosyal aktiviteleri yapmayı tercih ediyorum.’’ şeklindeydi. UFAA puanı ile sırasıyla MSDÖ toplam, somatik, psikolojik ve ürogenital puanları arasında negatif yönde bir ilişki görüldü (rho=-0,412, p<0,001; rho=-0,261, p=0,001; rho=-0,364, p<0,001; rho=-0,327, p<0,001). Sonuç: Bu çalışma ile postmenopozal dönemdeki kadınlarda fiziksel aktivite seviyesi azaldıkça menopozal semptomların şiddetinin arttığı görüldü. Postmenopozal kadınlarda ailevi sorumluluklar, fiziksel aktivite partnerinin yokluğu, enerji düşüklüğü/çabuk yorulma ve dinlenme/sosyal aktivite tercihinin baskınlığı fiziksel aktivite için önde gelen bariyerlerdi.

Keywords

• Bariyerler
• fiziksel aktivite
• kadın sağlığı
• postmenopoz.

Physical Activity Profile and Menopausal Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the physical activity profile of postmenopausal women and investigate the relationship between physical activity level and the severity of menopausal symptoms during this period. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 125 postmenopausal women (age: 56.69±4.93 years, body mass index: 30.28±5.10 kg/m2). The level of physical activity with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), menopause symptoms severity with the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), and barriers to physical activity with a questionnaire formed by researchers. Results: 51 (40.8%) of postmenopausal women were inactive, 57 (45.6%) of them were minimally active, and 17 (13.6%) of them had very active physical activity levels. The most frequently reported physical activity barriers were "I don't have friends to do physical activity with me.", "I can't do regular physical activity due to my family responsibilities.", "I don't have the energy to do a physical activity/I'm too tired." and "I prefer to rest or social activities instead of physical therapy.” A negative correlation was observed between IPAQ score and MRS total, somatic, psychological, and urogenital scores, respectively (rho=-0.412, p<0.001; rho=-0.261, p=0.001; rho=-0.364, p<0.001; rho=-0.327, p<0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that as the physical activity level decreased, the severity of menopausal symptoms increased in postmenopausal women. Family responsibilities, absence of a physical activity partner, low energy/fatigue, and predominance of rest/social activity preference were the leading barriers to physical activity in postmenopausal women.

Keywords

• Barriers
• physical activity
• women
• post menopause

References

1. Alpözgen, A. Z., & Özdinçler, A. R. (2016). Fiziksel aktivite ve koruyucu etkileri: Derleme. Sağlık Bilimleri ve Meslekleri Dergisi, 3(1), 66-72. https://doi.org/10.17681/hsp.18017
2. Badon, S. E., Nance, N., Fogelberg, R., Quesenberry, C., Hedderson, M. M., & Avalos, L. A. (2021). Lifestyle-related education and counseling resource utilization and cardiovascular biomarkers in midlife women with low physical activity. Preventive medicine reports, 23, 101401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101401
3. Bekmezci, E., & Altuntuğ, K. (2020). Menopoz ile ilişkili semptomlara yönelik kanıta dayalı uygulamaların incelenmesi. Genel Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(3), 167-174. https://doi.org/10.51123/jgehes.2020.7
4. Bruce, D., & Rymer, J. (2009). Symptoms of the menopause. Best practice & research Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology, 23(1), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2008.10.002
5. Dąbrowska-Galas, M., Dąbrowska, J., Ptaszkowski, K., & Plinta, R. (2019). High physical activity level may reduce menopausal symptoms. Medicina, 55(8), 466. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55080466
6. El Hajj, A., Wardy, N., Haidar, S., Bourgi, D., Haddad, M. E., Chammas, D. E., . . . Papazian, T. (2020). Menopausal symptoms, physical activity level and quality of life of women living in the Mediterranean region. PloS one, 15(3), e0230515. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230515
7. Ertüngealp, E. (2003). Türkiye Menopoz ve Osteoporoz Derneği & Türk Jinekoloji Derneği “Hormon Replasman Tedavisi” Konsensus Grubu Kararları. J Turkish German Gynecol Assoc, 4(1), 7-8. https://www.jtgga.org/articles/turkiye-menopoz-ve-osteoporoz-dernegi-and-turk-jinekoloji-dernegi-hormon-replasman-tedavisi-konsensus-grubu-kararlari/doi/12698
8. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G* Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175-191. https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/BF03193146

9. Grindler, N. M., & Santoro, N. F. (2015). Menopause and exercise. Menopause, 22(12), 1351-1358. https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000000536
10. Hayran, M., & Hayran, M. (2011). Saglik arastirmalari icin temel istatistik. Ankara, Turkey: Omega Arastirma, 29-30.
11. Hill, K. (1996). The demography of menopause. Maturitas, 23(2), 113-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-5122(95)00968-X
12. Im, E. O., Chang, S. J., Ko, Y., Chee, W., Stuifbergen, A., & Walker, L. (2012). A national internet survey on midlife women’s attitudes toward physical activity. Nursing Research, 61(5), 342-352. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNR.0b013e31825da85a
13. Im, E. O., Chee, W., Lim, H.-J., Liu, Y., & Kim, H. K. (2008). Midlife women’s attitudes toward physical activity. Journal of obstetric, gynecologic & neonatal nursing, 37(2), 203-213. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2008.00219.x
14. Javadivala, Z., Allahverdipour, H., Jafarabadi, M. A., & Emami, A. (2020). An Interventional strategy of physical activity promotion for reduction of menopause symptoms. Health promotion perspectives, 10(4), 383. https://doi.org/10.34172/hpp.2020.57
15. Joseph, R. P., Ainsworth, B. E., Keller, C., & Dodgson, J. E. (2015). Barriers to physical activity among African American women: an integrative review of the literature. Women & health, 55(6), 679-699. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2015.1039184
16. Kılıç, S. (2016). Cronbach'ın alfa güvenirlik katsayısı. Journal of Mood Disorders, 6(1), 47-48. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20160307122823
17. Koca, C., Henderson, K. A., Asci, F. H., & Bulgu, N. (2009). Constraints to leisure-time physical activity and negotiation strategies in Turkish women. Journal of Leisure Research, 41(2), 225-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2009.11950167
18. Mansikkamäki, K., Raitanen, J., Malila, N., Sarkeala, T., Männistö, S., Fredman, J., . . . Luoto, R. (2015). Physical activity and menopause-related quality of life–A population-based cross-sectional study. Maturitas, 80(1), 69-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.09.009
19. Mirzaiinjmabadi, K., Anderson, D., & Barnes, M. (2006). The relationship between exercise, body mass index and menopausal symptoms in midlife Australian women. International journal of nursing practice, 12(1), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2006.00547.x
20. Moreno, J. P., & Johnston, C. A. (2014). Barriers to physical activity in women. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 8(3), 164-166. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827614521954
21. Organization, W. H. (1996). Research on the menopause in the 1990s: report of a WHO scientific group. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/41841
22. Öc, G. (2005). Menopoz semptomları değerlendirme ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun güvenirlik ve geçerliliği. Hemşirelik Forumu Dergisi, 3, 30-35. https://toad.halileksi.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/menopoz-semptomlari-degerlendirme-olcegi-toad.pdf
23. Özgen, H., & Seda, S. (2022). Postmenopozal kadinlarda fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin fonksiyonel kapasite, kardiyovasküler risk faktörleri, menopozal semptomlar ve yaşam kalitesi ile ilişkisi. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi, 8(2), 194-201. https://doi.org/10.53394/akd.1057897
24. Saglam, M., Arikan, H., Savci, S., Inal-Ince, D., Bosnak-Guclu, M., Karabulut, E., & Tokgozoglu, L. (2010). International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Perceptual and motor skills, 111(1), 278-284. https://doi.org/10.2466/06.08.PMS.111.4.278-284
25. Savcı, S., Öztürk, M., Arıkan, H., İnal İnce, D., & Tokgözoğlu, L. (2006). Physical activity levels of university students. Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology, 34(3), 166-172. https://archivestsc.com/jvi.aspx?un=TKDA-46330
26. Shin, C.-N., Lee, Y.-S., & Belyea, M. (2018). Physical activity, benefits, and barriers across the aging continuum. Applied Nursing Research, 44, 107-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2018.10.003
27. Stensland, S. H., & Margolis, S. (1990). Simplifying the calculation of body mass index for quick reference. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 90(6). https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/19911436585
28. Tan, M. N., Kartal, M., & Guldal, D. (2014). The effect of physical activity and body mass index on menopausal symptoms in Turkish women: a cross-sectional study in primary care. BMC women's health, 14(1), 1-9. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6874/14/38
29. Taşkıran, G., & Özgül, S. (2021). Individual characteristics associated with menopausal symptom severity and menopause-specific quality of life: a rural perspective. Reproductive Sciences, 28(9), 2661-2671. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-021-00545-y
30. Utian, W. H. (1999). The International Menopause menopause-related terminology definitions. Climacteric, 2(4), 284-286. https://doi.org/10.3109/13697139909038088
31. Vallance, J. K., Murray, T. C., Johnson, S. T., & Elavsky, S. (2011). Understanding physical activity intentions and behavior in postmenopausal women: an application of the theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 18, 139-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-010-9100-2
32. Vehid, S., Aran, S. N., Köksal, S., Işiloglu, H., & Senocak, M. (2006). The prevalence and the age at the onset of menopause in Turkish women in rural area. Saudi medical journal, 27(9), 1381-1386. PMID: 16951777
33. Warburton, D. E., & Bredin, S. S. (2017). Health benefits of physical activity: a systematic review of current systematic reviews. Current opinion in cardiology, 32(5), 541-556. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCO.0000000000000437
34. Williams, B. R., Bezner, J., Chesbro, S. B., & Leavitt, R. (2006). The effect of a walking program on perceived benefits and barriers to exercise in postmenopausal African American women. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 29(2), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.1519/00139143-200608000-00001
35. Yılmaz, S., Arslan, I., & Yengil Taci, D. (2021). The effect of physical activity and depressive mood on menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 75(7), e14247. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.14247
36. Yurtçiçek, S., Şahin, N., & Miral, M. (2018). Fiziksel aktivite engelleri ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Akademik Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 6(71), 396-404. https://doi.org/10.16992/ASOS.13736