Assessment of Hearing and Language Development in Individuals with Cleft Lip Palate

Yıl 2017, , 72 - 85, 29.12.2017

Şadiye Bacık Tırank , Melis Keskin Güzide Atalık , Gurbet Şahin Kamışlı Hakan Tutar Bülent Gündüz

https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.363278

Öz

Objectives: Most children with cleft palate±lip
 have conductive-type hearing loss due to otitis media in the  first
years of life. Due to not presenting required interventions can affect language
development negatively. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the hearing and
determine the type of hearing loss and to evaluate the linguistic skills of
children with palate and lips without hearing loss.

Materıals and Methods: The study was conducted in
ENT, Audiology and Speech Disorders department at Gazi University  between
April 2014 and June 2017. 30 patient  aging range from 2 to 20,  with
cleft lip±palate were included in the study. First, hearing assessments were
performed and  hearing loss type were identified  if persons have
hearing loss, type of hearing loss were identified. Then, language assessments
were made on 2-7 year old children who have no hearing loss.

Results: Among persons who have hearing loss (%30), it was observed that,
 88% of cases have conductive type and  12% of cases
have.sensorineural hearing loss.

Receptive and expressive language assesment
were conducted to 11 cases between the ages of 2 to 7. It was observed that 3
(%27) participant had receptive language delay and 7 (%63) had delays in
expressive language skills.

Conclusion: Regular otological and audiologic
follow-up is important for children with cleft lip±palate. The high rate of
language impairment in children with Cleft palate ± lip without hearing loss
emphasizes that there is need to assess language development of these children.
The study reveals, there is  need for these children to be monitored by a
multidisciplinary team.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cleft Lip and Palate, Hearing Loss

Damak ± Dudak Yarıklı Bireylerde İşitme ve Dil Gelişiminin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Damak ± dudak yarıklı çocukların büyük kısmında yaşamlarının ilk
yıllarında otitis mediaya bağlı iletim tip işitme kaybı görülür. Bu duruma
gerekli müdahalelerin yapılmayarak işitme kayıplı geçirilen sürenin uzaması ya
da işitme kaybının kalıcı hale dönüşmesi dil gelişimini olumsuz yönde
etkileyebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada amacımız ünitemize başvuran damak ± dudak
yarıklı bireylerin işitmelerini değerlendirerek, kayıp varsa işitme kaybı
tipini belirlemek ve işitme kaybı olmayan damak ± dudak yarıklı çocukların dil
becerilerinin değerlendirmektir.

Gereç-Yöntem: Çalışma Nisan 2014 ile Haziran 2017
tarihleri arasında Gazi Üniversitesi KBB Anabilim Dalı Odyoloji, Konuşma, Ses
ve Denge Merkezi’nde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya yaşları 2 ile 20 arasında değişen
30 damak ± dudak yarıklı olgu katılmıştır. Olguların tümü damak ± dudak
açısından cerrahi operasyon geçirmişlerdir. Bireylere önce otolojik muayene ve
odyolojik değerlendirme yapılarak işitme kaybı varsa tipi belirlenmiştir.
İşitme kaybı olmayan 2-7 yaş arası olgulara dil değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan olguların %30’unda
işitme kaybı belirlenmiştir. İşitme kaybı olan olguların

%88’inde iletim tipi işitme kaybı; %12’sinde sensörinöral tip
işitme kaybı görülmüştür.  Dil değerlendirilmesi yapılan 11 olgudan 3’ünde
(%27) alıcı dil becerilerinde gerilik olduğu, 7’sinde (%63) ifade edici dil
becerilerinde gerilik olduğu gözlenmiştir. Sözel dil performansına bakıldığında
vakalardan 4’ünün (%36) dil becerilerinde gerilik olduğu görülmüştür.

Sonuç:  Damak ± dudak yarıklı
olgularda düzenli otolojik ve odyolojik takibi büyük önem taşımaktadır. İşitme
kaybı olmayan damak ± dudak yarıklı çocuklarda yüksek oranda görülen dil
gecikmesi/bozukluğu bu vakalardaki dil gelişimi değerlendirilmesi gereksinimini
vurgulamaktadır. Çalışma bu bireylerin multidisipliner bir ekip tarafından
takip edilmesi ihtiyacını ortaya çıkarmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Damak ± dudak Yarıkları, İşitme Kaybı

Kaynakça

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