Assessment of Hearing and Language Development in Individuals with Cleft Lip Palate

Abstract

Objectives: Most children with cleft palate±lip  have conductive-type hearing loss due to otitis media in the  first years of life. Due to not presenting required interventions can affect language development negatively. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the hearing and determine the type of hearing loss and to evaluate the linguistic skills of children with palate and lips without hearing loss.

Materıals and Methods: The study was conducted in ENT, Audiology and Speech Disorders department at Gazi University  between April 2014 and June 2017. 30 patient  aging range from 2 to 20,  with cleft lip±palate were included in the study. First, hearing assessments were performed and  hearing loss type were identified  if persons have hearing loss, type of hearing loss were identified. Then, language assessments were made on 2-7 year old children who have no hearing loss.

Results: Among persons who have hearing loss (%30), it was observed that,  88% of cases have conductive type and  12% of cases have.sensorineural hearing loss.

Receptive and expressive language assesment were conducted to 11 cases between the ages of 2 to 7. It was observed that 3 (%27) participant had receptive language delay and 7 (%63) had delays in expressive language skills.

Conclusion: Regular otological and audiologic follow-up is important for children with cleft lip±palate. The high rate of language impairment in children with Cleft palate ± lip without hearing loss emphasizes that there is need to assess language development of these children. The study reveals, there is  need for these children to be monitored by a multidisciplinary team.

Keywords

• Cleft Lip and Palate,Hearing Loss

Damak ± Dudak Yarıklı Bireylerde İşitme ve Dil Gelişiminin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Damak ± dudak yarıklı çocukların büyük kısmında yaşamlarının ilk yıllarında otitis mediaya bağlı iletim tip işitme kaybı görülür. Bu duruma gerekli müdahalelerin yapılmayarak işitme kayıplı geçirilen sürenin uzaması ya da işitme kaybının kalıcı hale dönüşmesi dil gelişimini olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada amacımız ünitemize başvuran damak ± dudak yarıklı bireylerin işitmelerini değerlendirerek, kayıp varsa işitme kaybı tipini belirlemek ve işitme kaybı olmayan damak ± dudak yarıklı çocukların dil becerilerinin değerlendirmektir.

Gereç-Yöntem: Çalışma Nisan 2014 ile Haziran 2017 tarihleri arasında Gazi Üniversitesi KBB Anabilim Dalı Odyoloji, Konuşma, Ses ve Denge Merkezi’nde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya yaşları 2 ile 20 arasında değişen 30 damak ± dudak yarıklı olgu katılmıştır. Olguların tümü damak ± dudak açısından cerrahi operasyon geçirmişlerdir. Bireylere önce otolojik muayene ve odyolojik değerlendirme yapılarak işitme kaybı varsa tipi belirlenmiştir. İşitme kaybı olmayan 2-7 yaş arası olgulara dil değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan olguların %30’unda işitme kaybı belirlenmiştir. İşitme kaybı olan olguların

%88’inde iletim tipi işitme kaybı; %12’sinde sensörinöral tip işitme kaybı görülmüştür.  Dil değerlendirilmesi yapılan 11 olgudan 3’ünde (%27) alıcı dil becerilerinde gerilik olduğu, 7’sinde (%63) ifade edici dil becerilerinde gerilik olduğu gözlenmiştir. Sözel dil performansına bakıldığında vakalardan 4’ünün (%36) dil becerilerinde gerilik olduğu görülmüştür.

Sonuç:  Damak ± dudak yarıklı olgularda düzenli otolojik ve odyolojik takibi büyük önem taşımaktadır. İşitme kaybı olmayan damak ± dudak yarıklı çocuklarda yüksek oranda görülen dil gecikmesi/bozukluğu bu vakalardaki dil gelişimi değerlendirilmesi gereksinimini vurgulamaktadır. Çalışma bu bireylerin multidisipliner bir ekip tarafından takip edilmesi ihtiyacını ortaya çıkarmaktadır.

Keywords

• Damak ± dudak Yarıkları,İşitme Kaybı

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