Investigation of Prevalence of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction in University Students

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMJD) in university students.

Material and Method: This study was carried out in 1438 university students (1104 females, 334 males) between the ages of 18 and 25 (20.5±1.5 years). The presence of TMJD was evaluated using the Fonseca’s anamnesis index. The Fonseca Anamnestik Index consists of 10 questions. The participant is asked to answer each question with ‘Yes’ (10 points), ‘No’ (0 points) or ‘Sometimes’ (5 points). According to the obtained score from the questionnaire, individuals were classified as having no TMJD (0-15 points), mild TMJD (20-40 points), moderate TMJD (45-65 points), severe TMJD (70-100).

Results: Out of 1438 participants, 891 (62%) had TMJD and 547 (38%) did not. In those 891 participants with TMJD, the level of the condition was mild in 664 participants (46.2%), moderate in 180 participants (12.5%), and severe in 47 participants (3.3%). In 1104 female participants, TMJD was found in 730 female participants (66.1%) and 374 female participants did not have TMJD (33.9%). Of the 334 male participants, 173 did not have TMJD (51.3%), and 161 had TMJD (48.7%).

Conclusion: The results show that the TMJD prevalence in university students was 62%. In addition, it was found that a significant number of individuals with TMJD were mild TMJD. The prevalence and severity of TMJD were found to be higher in women than in men. 

Keywords

• Temporomandibular Joint Disorders,Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome,prevalance

Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Temporomandibular Eklem Disfonksiyonu Prevalansının Araştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinde temporomandibular eklem disfonksiyonu (TMED) prevalansının araştırılmasıdır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma, 18-25 yaş aralığında (20,5±1,5 yıl) 1104 kadın ve 334 erkek olmak üzere 1438 üniversite öğrencisinin katılımıyla gerçekleşti. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerde TMED varlığı, Fonseca Anamnestik Anketi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Fonseca Anamnestik Anketi 10 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıdan her soruya ‘Evet’ (10 puan), ‘Hayır’ (0 puan) ve ‘Bazen’ (5 puan) olmak üzere cevap vermesi istenir. Anket sonucunda elde edilen skora göre bireyler TMED yok (0-15 puan), hafif TMED’li (20-40 puan), orta şiddette TMED’li (45-65 puan) ve şiddetli TMED’li (70-100) olarak sınıflandırıldı.

Bulgular: Değerlendirilen 1438 bireyden 547’sinde (%38) TMED olmadığı bulunurken, bireylerin 891’inde (%62) TMED olduğu tespit edildi. TMED’li bireylerde TMED şiddeti incelendiğinde, TMED tespit edilen 891 bireyden 664’ünde (%46,2) hafif şiddette TMED, 180’ında orta şiddette TMED (%12,5) ve 47’sinde (%3,3) şiddetli TMED olduğu bulundu. Değerlendirilen 1104 kadın bireyden 730’unda (%66,1) TMED tespit edilirken, 374 kadın bireyde (%33,9) TMED olmadığı bulundu. Değerlendirilen 334 erkek bireyden 173’ünde (%51,3) TMED yok iken, 161 erkek bireyde (%48,7)  TMED olduğu bulundu.

Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlar üniversite öğrencilerinde TMED prevalasının %62 olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, TMED’li bireylerin önemli bir kısmının hafif TMED’li bireylerden oluştuğu tespit edildi. Kadınlarda TMED prevalansının ve şiddetinin erkeklere göre daha fazla olduğu bulundu.

Keywords

• Temporomandibular bozukluk,temporomandibuler eklem disfonksiyon sendromu,prevalans

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