A Qualitative Research on the Work-related Thoughts and Expectations of Individuals Diagnosed with Schizophrenia

Abstract

The aim of study is to understand work-related thoughts and expectations of ten participants who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia and will start to working life for the first time. This study was conducted with 10 people diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-V and who were successful in the Disabled Public Personnel Selection Exam. In the study, in-depth interview method was used. After the evaluation of qualitative data; 5 themes were determined: 1) expectations about the new work, 2) difficulties about the working life, 3) fears about the new work, 4) effects of the disease on the work life, 5) benefits of work, 6) maintenance of treatment after starting work. In the light of these data, it can be suggested to develop employment programs by considering the difficulties that individuals with schizophrenia may experience regarding work.

Keywords

• Schizophrenia
• working life
• employment
• stimatization

Şizofreni Olan Bireylerin Çalışma İle İlgili Düşünce ve Beklentileri Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ilk defa çalışma hayatına başlayacak olan on katılımcının çalışma ile ilgili düşünce ve beklentilerini anlamaya yöneliktir. Çalışmaya DSM-V’ye göre, şizofreni tanısı almış ve Engelli Kamu Personeli Seçme Sınavında (E-KPSS) başarılı olan 10 kişi katıldı. Çalışmada derinlemesine görüşme yöntemi kullanıldı. Nitel verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda 5 tema belirlenmiştir: 1) yeni iş yaşamıyla ilgili beklentiler, 2) çalışma hayatıyla ilgili yaşanabilecek zorluklar ve yapabilecekleri işler, 3) yeni işle ilgili korkular, 4) hastalığın iş yaşamına etkileri, 5) çalışmanın faydaları, 6) işe başladıktan sonra tedaviyi sürdürme. Bu veriler ışığında, şizofreni tanısı olan bireylerin çalışmayla ilgili yaşayabilecekleri zorluklar göz önünde bulundurularak istihdam programlarının geliştirilmesi önerilebilir. 

Keywords

• şizofreni
• çalışma hayatı,
• istihdam
• damgalanma

References

1. Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı Engelli ve Yaşlı Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü (2015). Kamuda engelli istihdamının analizi. T.C. Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı Engelli ve Yaşlı Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları: Ankara.
2. Arbesman, M. & Logsdon, D.W. (2011). Occupational therapy interventions for employment and education for adults with serious mental illness: A systematic review. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 65 (3), 238-246.
3. Can Öz, Y. & Ünsal Barlas, G. (2017). Şizofreni hastalığı olan bireylerin işe yerleştirme ile ilgili görüşleri ve beklentileri: niteliksel bir çalışma. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 3 (3), 28- 32.
4. Carpenter, W. & Buchanan, R. (1995). Schizophrenia. İçinde H. Kaplan & B. Sadock (Eds), Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry (pp. 889-1018). Philadelphia: Williams & Wilkins.
5. Chapleau, A. (2012). Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. İçinde B. Atkison & D. Dirette (Eds), Conditions in OT-Effect on Occupational Performance. 4th Edition Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
6. Cook, J.A. & Razzano, L. (2000). Vocational rehabilitation for persons with schizophrenia: recent research and implications for practice. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 26(1):87-103.
7. Coombes, K., Haracz, K., Robson, E. & James, C. (2016). Pushing through: Mental health consumers' experiences of an individual placement and support employment programme. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 79(11), 651-659.
8. Crowther, R. E., Marshall, M., Bond, G. R. & Huxley, P. (2001). ‘Helping people with severe mental illness to obtain work: Systematic review’. British Medical Journal, 322, 204-208.

9. Doğanavşargil, Ö (2009). Şizofreni ve depresyonda içselleştirilmiş damgalanma ve yaşam kalitesi. Yüksek lisans tezi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
10. Dunn, E.C., Wewiorski, N.J. & Rogers, E.S. (2008). The meaning and importance of employment to people in recovery from serious mental illness: Results of a qualitative study. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 32, 59-62.
11. Hamaideh, S., Al-Magaireh, D., Abu-Farsakh, B. & Al-Omari H (2014). Quality of life, social support, and severity of psychiatric symptoms in Jordanian patients with schizophrenia. Journal Of Psychiatric And Mental Health Nursing. 21(5), 455-65.
12. Hielscher, E. & Waghorn, G. (2017). Self-stigma and fears of employment among adults with psychiatric disabilities. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 80 (12), 1-8.
13. Horan, W.P., Ventura, J., Nuechterlein, K.H., Subotnik, K.L., Hwang, S.S. & Mintz, J. (2005). Stressful life events in recent-onset schizophrenia: reduced frequencies and altered subjective appraisals. Schizophr Res., 75(2-3), 363-74.
14. Iannelli, S. & Wilding, C. (2007). Health-enhancing effects of engaging in productive occupations: Experiences of young people with mental illness. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 54, 285-293.
15. Işık, I., Savaş, G. & Kılıç, N. (2019). Şizofreni Hastalığına Sahip Bireylerin Çalışma Hayatı Konusunda Yaşadıkları Güçlükler. ACU Sağlık Bil Derg, 10(3), 399-408.
16. Lee, H.-L., Tan, H. K.-L., Ma, H.-I., Tsai, C.-H., & Liu, Y.-K. (2006). Effectiveness of a Work-Related Stress Management Program in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 60, 435-441.
17. Letovancova, K., & Davidekova, M. (2014). Impact of schizophrenia on the life quality. Interdisciplinary Management Research, 10, 712-20.
18. Leufstadius, C., Erlandsson, L. & Eklund, M. (2006). Time use and daily activities in people with persistent mental illness. Occupational Therapy International, 13, 123-141.
19. Priebe, S., Warner, R., Hubschmid, T. & Eckle, I. (1998). Employment, attitudes toward work, and quality of life among people with schizophrenia in three countries. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24(3), 469-477.
20. Seaward, B.L. (2011). The nature of stres. İçinde Essentials of managing stres (pp: 3-26). Second edition. Jones &Bartlett Publishers.
21. Smith, J.A., & Osborn, M. (2009). Interpretative phenomenological analysis. İçinde J.A. Smith, P. Flowers & M. Larkin (Eds), Interpretative phenomenological analysis: theory, method and research (pp:53-80). London: SAGE.
22. Tsang, H.W., Chan, A., Wong, A. & Liberman, R.P. (2009). Vocational outcomes of an integrated supported employment program for individuals with persistent and severe mental illness. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 40 (2), 292-305.
23. Waghorn, G. & Lloyd, C. (2010). Employment and people with mental illness. İçinde Chris Lloyd (ed), Vocational Rehabilitation and Mental Health (pp: 1-18). Blackwell Publishing Ltd.