Multiple Myeloma; Experience of a Center

Abstract

Objective: Demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, applied treatments, and treatment responses of patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM) at the time of diagnosis vary between communities. We aimed to investigate this data of Multiple Myeloma patients and compare it with literature data.

Material Method: In this study, we retrospectively examined data of 272 patients diagnosed with MM between January 1st, 2010, and January 31st, 2019 in Dicle University Faculty of Medicine Internal Medicine Hematology Clinic. At the time of diagnosis, general characteristics, laboratory values, treatment options, treatment responses, mean and median survival times, and causes of mortality of the participated patients in the study were investigated.

Results: We found that 124 (45.6%) patients had IgG, 50 patients had (18.4%) ıgA, 59 patients had (21.7%) light chain, 21 patients had (7.7%) plasmacytoma, four patients had (1.5%) ıgM, three patients had (1.1%) plasma cell leukemia, and 11 patients had (4%) non-secretory myeloma. 77 patients underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). The average life expectancy in patients with AHSCTwas 68 months, while in patients without AHSCT, this period was determined as 42 months (p<0.001).

Conclusion: We see that treatment response rates and average survival times increase with the introduction of new agents.

Keywords

• Myelom
• New agents
• Transplantation
• Myelom, New agents, Transplantation

Abstract

Amaç: Multıple myelom(MM) tanısı konulmuş olan hastaların tanı anındaki demografik özellikleri, laboratuvar parametreleri, verilen tedavileri ve tedavi yanıtları toplumlar arası farklılık göstermektedir. Multple myelom hastalarının bu verilerini araştırmayı ve literatür verileriyle karşılaştırmayı hedefledik.
Materyal Metot: Bu çalışmada 1 Ocak 2010-31 Ocak 2019 tarihleri arasında ..... Üniversitesi tıp fakültesi iç hastalıkları hematoloji kliniğinde MM tanısı konulmuş 272 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Çalışmaya alınan hastaların tanı anındaki genel özellikleri, laboratuvar değerleri, tedavi seçenekleri, tedavi yanıtları, ortalama ve ortanca sağkalım süreleri ve mortalite nedenleri araştırıldı.
Bulgular: Multıple myelom hastalarımızın alt tip analizlerinde hastaların 124’ü(%45,6) ıgG, 50’si(%18,4) ıgA, 59’u(%21,7) hafif zincir, 21’i(%7,7) plazmasitom, 4’ü(%1,5) ıgM, 3’ü(%1,1) plazma hücre lösemisi, 11’i(%4) de nonsekretuvar myelom olarak bulundu. 77 hastaya otolog hematopoetik kök hücre nakli (OHKHN) yapıldı. OHKHN yapılan hastalarda ortalama yaşam süresi 68 ay iken OHKHN yapılmayan hastalarda bu süre 42 ay olarak tespit edildi (p<0,001). En sık mortalite sebeblerini enfeksiyonlar (%55), tromboembolik olaylar (%22), hemorajik kompikasyonlar ve hastaların komorbid durumları (%22) oluşturdu.
Sonuç: Myelom tanımlayıcı olayların oranları, tedavi yanıt oranları, sağkalım süreleri, OHKHN yapılan hastalardaki sağkalım süreleri ve mortalite nedenleri literatür verileriyle benzer bulundu. Tedavi yanıt oranları ve ortalama sağkalım sürelerinin yeni ajanların çıkmasıyla arttığını görmekteyiz. 

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