Removal of Acid Orange 74 from wastewater with TiO2 nanoparticle

Abstract

The use of nanomaterials in wastewater treatment has gained importance. Nano-structured adsorbents have good adsorption potential due to their properties such as large surface area. In this study, removal of AO74 (Acid Orange 74) from the waters with TiO₂nanoparticles were investigated. TiO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized by sol–gel method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–VIS) spectrometer techniques were used to characterize the synthesized products. Stability analysis was performed by zeta potential analysis. The anatase phase of the TiO₂ nanoparticles was confirmed by XRD analysis. The SEM micrographs revealed the spherical-like morphology with average diameter of about 32 nm which agrees with XRD results. FTIR spectra show the vibrational mode of TiO₂ around 600 cm^-1. Absorption peak in the UV region at 320 nm are observed. This peak is characteristics of nano-sized TiO₂nanoparticles. If the measured zeta potential absolute value is greater than 35 mV, it can be said that the produced nanofluid is stable. The zeta potential value greater than 35 mV in all measurements in this study, so that the synthesized TiO₂ nanoparticle is stable in the fluid medium. pH (2-5), contact time (10-120 min) and initial dye concentration (20-100 mg / L) were investigated to determine the adsorption potential of TiO₂ nanoparticles. The optimum parameters for adsorption of AO74 were determined as pH and contact time, respectively: 5 and 75 minutes. The adsorption system is compatible with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. As a result, TiO₂ nanoparticles were identified as suitable adsorbent for removal of AO74.

Keywords

• Acid orange 74,Adsorption,TiO2 nanoparticle,Sol-gel

References

1. 1. Elass, K., Laachach, A., Alaoui, A., and Azzi, M., Removal of methyl violet from aqueous solution using a stevensite-rich clay from Morocco. Applied Clay Science, 2011. 54(1): p. 90-96.
2. 2. Mane, V. S., and Babu, P. V., Kinetic and equilibrium studies on the removal of Congo red from aqueous solution using Eucalyptus wood (Eucalyptus globulus) saw dust. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2013. 44(1): p. 81-88.
3. 3. Haque, E., Jun, J. W., and Jhung, S. H., Adsorptive removal of methyl orange and methylene blue from aqueous solution with a metal-organic framework material, iron terephthalate (MOF-235). Journal of Hazardous materials, 2011. 185(1): p. 507-511.
4. 4. Karagozoglu, B., Tasdemir, M., Demirbas, E., and Kobya, M. ,The adsorption of basic dye (Astrazon Blue FGRL) from aqueous solutions onto sepiolite, fly ash and apricot shell activated carbon: kinetic and equilibrium studies. Journal of hazardous materials, 2007. 147(1-2): p. 297-306.
5. 5. Hameed, B. H., and Daud, F. B. M., Adsorption studies of basic dye on activated carbon derived from agricultural waste: Heveabrasiliensis seed coat. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2008. 139(1): p. 48-55.
6. 6. Turabik, M., Adsorption of basic dyes from single and binary component systems onto bentonite: simultaneous analysis of Basic Red 46 and Basic Yellow 28 by first order derivative spectrophotometric analysis method. Journal of hazardous materials, 2008. 158(1): p. 52-64.
7. 7. Mahmoud, D. K., Salleh, M. A. M., Karim, W. A. W. A., Idris, A., and Abidin, Z. Z., Batch adsorption of basic dye using acid treated kenaf fibre char: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2012. 181: p. 449-457.
8. 8. Brame, J., Li, Q., and Alvarez, P. J., Nanotechnology-enabled water treatment and reuse: emerging opportunities and challenges for developing countries. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 2011. 22(11): p. 618-624.

9. 9. Ali, I., New generation adsorbents for water treatment. Chemical reviews, 2012. 112(10): p. 5073-5091.
10. 10. Mahbubul, I. M., Elcioglu, E. B., Saidur, R., and Amalina, M. A., Optimization of ultrasonication period for better dispersion and stability of TiO2–water nanofluid. Ultrasonics sonochemistry, 2017.37: p. 360-367.
11. 11. Leroy, P., Tournassat, C., and Bizi, M., Influence of surface conductivity on the apparent zeta potential of TiO2 nanoparticles. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2011. 356(2): p. 442-453.
12. 12. Vlazan, P., Ursu, D. H., Irina-Moisescu, C., Miron, I., Sfirloaga, P., and Rusu, E., Structural and electrical properties of TiO2/ZnO core–shell nanoparticles synthesized by hydrothermal method. Materials Characterization, 2015. 101: p. 153-158.
13. 13. Langford, J. I., and Wilson, A. J. C. (1978). Scherrer after sixty years: a survey and some new results in the determination of crystallite size. Journal of Applied Crystallography, 11(2), 102-113.
14. 14. Aware, D. V., and Jadhav, S. S., Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic applications of Zn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles by sol–gel method. Applied Nanoscience, 2016. 6(7): p. 965-972.
15. 15. Canbaz, G. T., Acikel, U., and Acikel, Y. S. Investigation of Acid Orange 74 Dye Adsorption with Anaerob Activated Sludge. International Journal Of Food And Biosystems Engineering,2017. 4(1):p. 91-96.
16. 16. Khan, T. A., and Khan, E. A., Removal of basic dyes from aqueous solution by adsorption onto binary iron-manganese oxide coated kaolinite: Non-linear isotherm and kinetics modeling. Applied Clay Science, 2015. 107: p. 70-77.
17. 17. Özcan, A. S., Gök, Ö., and Özcan, A., Adsorption of lead (II) ions onto 8-hydroxy quinoline-immobilized bentonite. Journal of Hazardous materials,2009. 161(1): p. 499-509.
18. 18. Gulnaz, O., Kaya, A., and Dincer, S., The reuse of dried activated sludge for adsorption of reactive dye. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2006. 134(1-3): p. 190-196.