Layer-by-layer growth of molecular self-assembled monolayers /sputtered gold thin films/graphene oxide on glass substrate

Abstract

In the present study, 1-dodecanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on graphene oxide (GO) –Au (Gold) thin films as molecular templates for the selective deposition of multilayer films was performed. Thus, heterostructured GO/Au/DDT and DDT/Au/GO thin film are fabricated by sputtering Au target onto modified GO structure or self-assembled 1-dodecanethiol (DDT) arrays. It has been shown that a new device concept can be made by completing the glass substrate with the surface heterostructures; i.e. layer GO sheet or DDT with Au nanoparticles (Au NPs). In the light of the performed study, the layer-by-layer assembling of DDT on the GO sheet-Au thin films template has been proved for the distinct conjugation. Also, Optical and morphological characterizations are coherent with the instantaneous nucleation and growth model over the modified DDT-Au NPs-GO or GO-Au NPs-DDT thin films in the aspect of surface roughness, the phonon transport, and other multilayer films properties. As a consequence, the multilayer films of DDT-capped Au thin films and GO sheets have shown a better hybrid nanostructure with higher consistency, hierarchy and surface area. In addition, this work will present a new perspective for template preparation based on nanostructured thin films due to its unique properties resulting from nanoscale properties. 

Keywords

• graphene oxide
• Heterostructure
• self-assembly
• sputter deposition

References

1. 1. Zhang, M., Q. Deng, L. Shi, A. Cao, H. Pang, S. Hu, Nanobowl array fabrication based on nanoimprint lithography. Optik, 2016. 127(1): p. 145-147.
2. 2. Wanke, M. C., O. Lehmann, K. Muller, Q. Wen, M. Stuke, Laser Rapid Prototyping of Photonic Band-Gap Microstructures. Science, 1997. 275(5304): p. 1284-1286.
3. 3. Haes, A. J. and R. P. Van Duyne, A Nanoscale Optical Biosensor:  Sensitivity and Selectivity of an Approach Based on the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy of Triangular Silver Nanoparticles. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2002. 124(3): p. 10596-10604.
4. 4. Kim, Y. N., S. J. Kim, E. K. Lee, E. O. Chi, N. H. Hur, C. S. Hong, Large magnetoresistance in three dimensionally ordered macroporous perovskite manganites prepared by a colloidal templating method. J. Mater. Chem., 2004. 14(11): p. 1774-1777.
5. 5. Xu, L, L. D. Tung, L. Spinu, A. A. Zakhidov, R. H. Baughman, Synthesis and Magnetic Behavior of Periodic Nickel Sphere Arrays. J.B, Wiley, Adv. Mater, 2003. 15(18): p. 1562-1564.
6. 6. Chi, E. O., Y. N. Kim, J. C. Kim, N. H. Hur, A macroporous perovskite manganite from colloidal templates with a Curie temperaure of 320 K. Chem. Mater., 2003. 15(10): p. 1929-1931.
7. 7. Xu, L., W. L. Zhou, C. Frommen, R. H. Baughman, A. A. Zakhidov, L. Malkinski, J. Q. Wang, J. B. Wiley, Electrodeposited nickel and gold nanoscale meshes with potentially interesting photonic properties. Chem. Commun., 2000. 12(17): p. 997-998.
8. 8. Kim, J. C., Y. N. Kim, N. H. Hur, W. S. Kim, Y. G. Kang, Highly ordered macroporous magnetic materials prepared by electrodeposition through colloidal template. Phys. Status Solidi, 2004. 241(7): p. 1585-1588.

9. 9. Xu, W. G., J. H. Li, S. X. Lu, Y. Q. Duan, C. X. Ma, X. F. Shi, Y. L. Yang, Y. B. Chen, 2012. Preparation of superhydrophobic ZnO films on zinc substrate by chemical solution method. Chem. Res. Chin. Univ., 2012. 28(3): p. 529-533.
10. 10. Ly, Park S., Highly sensitive gas sensor using hierarchically self-assembled thin films of graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2018. 67: p. 417-428.
11. 11. Nisancı, F. B., U. Demir, Size-controlled electrochemical growth of PbS nanostructures into electrochemically patterned self-assembled monolayers. Langmuir, 2012. 281(22): p. 8571-8578.
12. 12. Booh, B. L., Polymers for Integrated Optical Waveguides, ed. B. L. Booh. Academic Press, Boston, 1993. p. 549.
13. 13. Schoer, J. K., F. P. Zamborini and R. M. Crooks, Scanning probe lithography. 3. Nanometer-scale electrochemical patterning of Au and organic resists in the absence of intentionally added solvents or electrolytes. J. Phys. Chem, 1996. 100 (26): p. 11086-11091.
14. 14. Schoer, J. K. and R. M. Crooks, Scanning Probe Lithography. 4. Characterization of Scanning Tunneling Microscope-Induced Patterns in n-Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers. Langmuir, 1997. 13(8): p, 2323-2332.
15. 15. Kramer, S., R. R. Fuierer, C. B. Gorman, Scanning probe lithography using self-assembled monolayers.Chem. Rev. 2003. 103(11): p. 4367-4418.
16. 16. Li, Y., B. W. Maynor and J. Liu, Electrochemical AFM “Dip-Pen” Nanolithography. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2011. 123(32): p. 2105-2106.
17. 17. Demir, U., K. K. Balasubramanian, V. Cammarata, C. Shannon, Scanning probe lithography of novel Langmuir–Schaefer films: Electrochemical applications. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 1995. 13(3): p. 1294-1299.
18. 18. Clark, S., M. Montague and T. P. Hammond, Selective deposition in multilayer assembly: SAMs as molecular templates. Supramolecular science, 1997. 4(1) : p. 141-146.
19. 19. Wang, Y., Z. Li, J. Wang, J. Li, Y. Lin, Graphene and graphene oxide: biofunctionalization and applications in biotechnology. Trends Biotechnol., 2011. 29(5): p. 205-212.
20. 20. Robinson, J. T., F. K. Perkins, E. S. Snow, Z. Wei, P. E. Sheehan, Reduced Graphene Oxide Molecular Sensors. Nano Lett., 2008. 8(10): p. 3137-3140.
21. 21. He, S., B. Song, D. Li, C. Zhu, W. Qi, Y. Wen, L. Wang, S. Song, H. Fang, C. Fan, A graphene nanoprobe for rapid, sensitive, and multicolor fluorescent DNA analysis. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2010. 20(3) : p. 453-459.
22. 22. Jung, I., D. A. Dikin, R. D. Piner, R. S. Ruoff, Tunable electrical conductivity of individual graphene oxide sheets reduced at “low” temperatures. Nano Lett., 2008. 8(12): p. 4283-4287.
23. 23. Segev-Bar, M. and H. Haick, Flexible sensors based on nanoparticles. ACS Nano, 2013. 7(10): p. 8366-8378.
24. 24. Ly, T. N., S. J. Par and S. J. Park, 2016. Detection of HIV-1 antigen by quartz crystal microbalance using gold nanoparticles. Sens. Actuators B, 2016. 237: p. 452-458.
25. 25. Kahn, N., O. Lavie, M. Paz, Y. Segev, H. Haick, Dynamic Nanoparticle-Based Flexible Sensors: Diagnosis of Ovarian Carcinoma from Exhaled Breath. Nano Lett., 2015. 15(10): p. 7023-7028.
26. 26. Olichwer, N., E. W. Leib, A. H. Halfar, A. Petrov, T. Vossmeyer, Cross-linked gold nanoparticles on polyethylene: resistive responses to tensile strain and vapors. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2012, 4 (11): p. 6151-6161.
27. 27. Ghosh, S. K. and T. Pal, Interparticle coupling effect on the surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles: from theory to applications.Chem. Rev., 2007. 107(11): p. 4797-4862.
28. 28. Dykman, L. A. and N. G. Khlebtsov, Gold Nanoparticles in Biology and Medicine: Recent Advances and Prospects Acta Nature, 2011. 3 (2): p. 34-55.