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Yıl 2022, Cilt: 51 Sayı: 1, 291 - 312, 01.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.26650/ibr.2022.51.867283

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, F., Burt, J., & Roland, M. (2014). Measuring patient experience: concepts and methods. The Patient-Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, 7(3), 235-241.
  • Arab, M., Tabatabaei, S. G., Rashidian, A., Forushani, A. R., and Zarei, E. (2012). The effect of service quality on patient loyalty: A Study Of Private Hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 4(9), 7.1
  • Berry, L. L., Carbone, L. P., & Haeckel, S. H. (2002). Managing the total customer experience. MIT Sloan Management Review, 43(3), 85-89.
  • Berry, L. L., Davis, S. W., & Wilmet, J. (2015). When the customer is stressed. Harvard Business Review, 93(10), 86-94.
  • Berry, L. L., Wall, E. A., and Carbone, L. P. (2006). Service clues and customer assessment of the service experience: lessons from marketing. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(2), 43-57.
  • Borishade, T., Kehinde, O., Iyiola, O., Olokundun, M., Ibidunni, A., Dirisu, J., & Omotoyinbo, C. (2018). Dataset on customer experience and satisfaction in healthcare sector of Nigeria. Data in brief. (20), 1850-1853.
  • Brakus, J. J., Schmitt, B. H., & Zarantonello, L. (2009). Brand experience: what is it? how is it measured? does it affect loyalty?, Journal of Marketing, 73(3), 52-68.
  • Buccoliero, L., Bellio, E., & Solinas, E. (2015). Experiential marketing in healthcare: how to improve through patients’ eyes. Proceedings the The Academy of Marketing Conference, Retrieved From: http://programme.exordo.com/am2015/delegates/presentation/285/.
  • Carbone, L. P., & Haeckel, S. H. (1994). Engineering customer experiences. Marketing management, 3(3), 8-19.
  • Centers for medicare and medicaid services, HCAHPS: patients' perspectives of care survey. Retrieved from: https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Research/CAHPS/HCAHPS1
  • Chatterjee, P., Joynt, K. E., Orav, E. J., and Jha, A. K. (2012). Patient experience in safety-net hospitals: implications for improving care and value-based purchasing. Archives of Internal Medicine, 172(16), 1204-1210.
  • Chen, Y.-K., & Hsieh, T. (2010). A study of the relationship among experiential marketing, experiential value and customer satisfaction. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems, 13(6), 1283-1303.
  • Çiçek, B. (2015). Deneyimsel pazarlama ve satın alma karar sürecine etkisi: termal turizm sektöründe bir uygulama (The Effect of Experiential Marketing and Purchase Decision Process: An Application of Thermal Tourism Sector) (Master Thesis, Bozok University) Retrieved from: http://dspace.bozok.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11460/421/380032.pdf?sequence=1
  • Czikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. New York: Harper & Row.
  • De Keyser, A., Lemon, K. N., Klaus, P., & Keiningham, T. L. (2015). A framework for understanding and managing the customer experience. Marketing science ınstitute working paper series, 85(1), 15-121.
  • Deshwal, P., & Bhuyan, P. (2018). Cancer patient service experience and satisfaction. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 11(2), 88-95.
  • English National Health System, (2011, February 22). NHS patient experience framework. Retriewed from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-patient-experience-framework.
  • Gentile, C., Spiller, N., & Noci, G. (2007). How to sustain the customer experience: an overview of experience components that co-create value with the customer. European Management Journal, 25(5), 395-410.
  • Greaves, F., Pape, U. J., King, D., Darzi, A., Majeed, A., Wachter, R. M., & Millett, C. (2012). Associations between internet-based patient ratings and conventional surveys of patient experience in the english nhs: an observational study. BMJ Quality and Safety, 21(7), 600-605.
  • Grewal, D., Levy, M., & Kumar, V. (2009). Customer experience management in retailing: an organizing framework. Journal of Retailing, 85(1), 1-14.
  • Ho, Y.-C., Li, Y.-C., & Su, T.-H. (2006). A discussion of refractive medical behavior from an experiential marketing viewpoint. Journal of Hospital Marketing and Public Relations, 16(1-2), 45-68.
  • Holbrook, M. B., & Hirschman, E. C. (1982). The experiential aspects of consumption: consumer fantasies, feelings, and fun. Journal of Consumer Research, 9(2), 132-140.
  • Hunter-Jones, P., Line, N., Zhang, J. J., Malthouse, E. C., Witell, L., & Hollis, B. (2020). Visioning a hospitality-oriented patient experience (HOPE) framework in health care. Journal of Service Management. doi.10.1108/josm-11-2019-0334.
  • Jenkinson, C., Coulter, A., Bruster, S., Richards, N., & Chandola, T. (2002).Patients’ experiences and satisfaction with health care: results of a questionnaire study of specific aspects of care. Qual Saf Health Care, 11, 335-339.
  • Jenkinson, C., Coulter, A., Reeves, R., Bruster, S., & Richards, N. (2003). Properties of the picker patient experience questionnaire in a randomized controlled trial of long versus short form survey instruments. Journal of Public Health, 25(3)., 197-201.
  • Kabadayı, E. T., & Alan, A. K. (2014). Deneyimsel pazarlama: pazarlamadaki artan önemi (Experiential marketing: growing importance in marketing). İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(2), 203-217.
  • Kashif, M., Samsi, S. Z. M., Awang, Z., & Mohamad, M. (2016). EXQ: measurement of healthcare experience quality in Malaysian settings. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing. 10(1), 48-74.
  • Klaus, P. (2018). Luxury patient experience (LPX): review, conceptualization, and future research directions. The service ındustries journal, 38(1-2), 87-98.
  • Klaus, P., & Maklan, S. (2012). EXQ: a multiple-item scale for assessing service experience. Journal of Service Management, 23(1), 5-33.
  • Küçüksaraç, B., & Sayımer, İ. (2016). Deneyi̇msel pazarlama aracı olarak arttırılmış gerçekli̇k: türki̇ye’deki̇ marka deneyi̇mleri̇nin etki̇leri̇ üzeri̇ne bi̇r araştırma (Augmented reality as an experimential marketing tool: a research about brand experience impacts in Turkey). Istanbul University Faculty of Communication Journal, 51, 73-95.
  • Kumar, P. (2020). The impact of patient recovery flexibility on service experience in public healthcare. Journal of Asia Business Studies. 14(2), 159-179.
  • Kumar, R. S., Dash, S., & Malhotra, N. K. (2018). The impact of marketing activities on service brand equity. European Journal of Marketing. 52(3/4), 596-618.
  • Lee, D. (2019). A model for designing healthcare service based on the patient experience. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 12(3), 180-188.
  • Lemke, F., Clark, M., & Wilson, H. (2011). Customer experience quality: and exploration in business and consumer contexts using repertory grid technique. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 39(6), 846-869.
  • Lemon, K. N., & Verhoef, P. C. (2016). Understanding customer experience throughout the customer journey. Journal of marketing, 80(6), 69-96.
  • Lin, C., Nguyen, C., & Lin, B. (2013). Impact of cultural differences on foreign customers' perceived local services. Journal of Services Marketing. 27(6), 500–510.
  • McColl-Kennedy, J. R., Danaher, T. S., Gallan, A. S., Orsingher, C., Lervik-Olsen, L., & Verma, R. (2017). How do you feel today? Managing patient emotions during health care experiences to enhance well-being. Journal of business research, 79, 247-259.
  • McColl-Kennedy, J. R., Zaki, M., Lemon, K. N., Urmetzer, F., & Neely, A. (2019). Gaining customer experience insights that matter. Journal of service research, 22(1), 8-26. Meyer, C., & Schwager, A. (2007). Customer experience. Harvard Business Review, 85(2), 116-126.
  • Naidu, A. (2009). Factors affecting patient satisfaction and healthcare quality. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 22(4), 366-381.
  • Osei-Frimpong, K., Wilson, A., & Owusu-Frimpong, N. (2015). Service experiences and dyadic value co-creation in healthcare service delivery: a CIT approach. Journal of Service Theory and Practice. 25(4), 443-462.
  • Ozcelik, A. B., & Burnaz, S. (2019). Customer experıence qualıty dımensıons ın health care: perspectıves of ındustry experts. Journal of Management Marketing and Logistics. 6(2), 62-72.
  • Park, G. W., Kim, Y., Park, K., & Agarwal, A. (2016). Patient-centric quality assessment framework for healthcare services. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 113, 468-474.
  • Pine II, B. J., & Gilmore, J. H. (1998,). Welcome to the experience economy. Harvard Business Review, July–August, 97-105.
  • Ponsignon, F., Smart, A., Williams, M., & Hall, J. (2015). Healthcare experience quality: an empirical exploration using content analysis techniques. Journal of Service Management. 26(3), 460-485.
  • Prahalad, C. K., & Ramaswamy, V. (2004). Co‐creation experiences: The next practice in value creation. Journal of interactive marketing, 18(3), 5-14.
  • Schiavone, F., Leone, D., Sorrentino, A., & Scaletti, A. (2020). Re-designing the service experience in the value co-creation process: an exploratory study of a healthcare network. Business Process Management Journal. 26(4), 889-908.
  • Schmitt, B. (1999). Experiential marketing. Journal of Marketing Management, 15(1-3), 53-67.
  • Schouten, J. W., McAlexander, J. H., & Koenig, H. F. (2007). Transcendent customer experience and brand community. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 35(3), 357-368.
  • Shaw, C., & Ivens, J. (2002). The customer experience tsunami in Shaw, C., & Ivens, J. (Ed.), Building Great Customer Experiences (pp.1-14), Switzerland, Springer,. Vargo, S. L., & Lusch, R. F. (2004). Evolving to a new dominant logic for marketing. Journal of marketing, 68(1), 1-17.
  • Verhoef, P. C., Lemon, K. N., Parasuraman, A., Roggeveen, A., Tsiros, M., & Schlesinger, L. A. (2009). Customer experience creation: determinants, dynamics and management strategies. Journal of Retailing, 85(1), 31-41.
  • Weng, R. H., Chen, W. P., Huang, C. Y., Hung, C. H., & Hsu, C. T. (2016). Can nurse innovation improve customer perception of service quality and experience?. Journal Of Clinical Nursing, 25(3-14), 1950-1961.
  • Wolf PhD, C. P. X. P., & Jason, A. (2014). Defining patient experience. Patient Experience Journal, 1(1), 7-19.
  • Wong, E. L., Coulter, A., Hewitson, P., Cheung, A. W., Yam, C. H., Fai Lui, S., & Yeoh, E.-K. (2015). Patient experience and satisfaction with inpatient service: development of short form survey instrument measuring the core aspect of inpatient experience. Plos One, 10 (4), 1-12.
  • Worlu, R., Kehinde, O. J., & Borishade, T. T. (2016). Effective customer experience management in health-care sector of Nigeria. International journal of pharmaceutical and healthcare marketing. 10(4), 449-466.
  • Wu, C.-C. (2011). The Impact of Hospital Brand Image On Service Quality, Patient Satisfaction And Loyalty. African Journal of Business Management, 5(12), 4873-4882.
  • World Health Organization. (2016). Report on the public consultation to inform development of the Framework on integrated people-centred health services (No. WHO/HIS/SDS/2016.4). World Health Organization.

Customer Experience in Healthcare: Literature Review

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 51 Sayı: 1, 291 - 312, 01.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.26650/ibr.2022.51.867283

Öz

This paper provides a perspective on customer experience in healthcare services. The aim of this paper is to make a literature research about customer experience in the healthcare sector. In this context, it is examined how customer experience in healthcare is measured, what dimensions it consists of and how customer experience in healthcare relates to other variables. This paper uses a comprehensive literature research method to customer experience in the healthcare sector. This paper suggests that there is no clear definition of the concept of customer experience in healthcare and it consists of many different dimensions. It is determined that there are very limited studies on customer experience in healthcare. Also a commonly accepted scale measuring the customer experience in healthcare has not been found in the literature. Variables related to customer experience in healthcare in previous studies have been identified. The variables related to customer experience in healthcare are found as customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Previous studies have shown that providing a good customer experience is an important part of providing customer satisfaction and customer loyalty.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, F., Burt, J., & Roland, M. (2014). Measuring patient experience: concepts and methods. The Patient-Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, 7(3), 235-241.
  • Arab, M., Tabatabaei, S. G., Rashidian, A., Forushani, A. R., and Zarei, E. (2012). The effect of service quality on patient loyalty: A Study Of Private Hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 4(9), 7.1
  • Berry, L. L., Carbone, L. P., & Haeckel, S. H. (2002). Managing the total customer experience. MIT Sloan Management Review, 43(3), 85-89.
  • Berry, L. L., Davis, S. W., & Wilmet, J. (2015). When the customer is stressed. Harvard Business Review, 93(10), 86-94.
  • Berry, L. L., Wall, E. A., and Carbone, L. P. (2006). Service clues and customer assessment of the service experience: lessons from marketing. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(2), 43-57.
  • Borishade, T., Kehinde, O., Iyiola, O., Olokundun, M., Ibidunni, A., Dirisu, J., & Omotoyinbo, C. (2018). Dataset on customer experience and satisfaction in healthcare sector of Nigeria. Data in brief. (20), 1850-1853.
  • Brakus, J. J., Schmitt, B. H., & Zarantonello, L. (2009). Brand experience: what is it? how is it measured? does it affect loyalty?, Journal of Marketing, 73(3), 52-68.
  • Buccoliero, L., Bellio, E., & Solinas, E. (2015). Experiential marketing in healthcare: how to improve through patients’ eyes. Proceedings the The Academy of Marketing Conference, Retrieved From: http://programme.exordo.com/am2015/delegates/presentation/285/.
  • Carbone, L. P., & Haeckel, S. H. (1994). Engineering customer experiences. Marketing management, 3(3), 8-19.
  • Centers for medicare and medicaid services, HCAHPS: patients' perspectives of care survey. Retrieved from: https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Research/CAHPS/HCAHPS1
  • Chatterjee, P., Joynt, K. E., Orav, E. J., and Jha, A. K. (2012). Patient experience in safety-net hospitals: implications for improving care and value-based purchasing. Archives of Internal Medicine, 172(16), 1204-1210.
  • Chen, Y.-K., & Hsieh, T. (2010). A study of the relationship among experiential marketing, experiential value and customer satisfaction. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems, 13(6), 1283-1303.
  • Çiçek, B. (2015). Deneyimsel pazarlama ve satın alma karar sürecine etkisi: termal turizm sektöründe bir uygulama (The Effect of Experiential Marketing and Purchase Decision Process: An Application of Thermal Tourism Sector) (Master Thesis, Bozok University) Retrieved from: http://dspace.bozok.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11460/421/380032.pdf?sequence=1
  • Czikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. New York: Harper & Row.
  • De Keyser, A., Lemon, K. N., Klaus, P., & Keiningham, T. L. (2015). A framework for understanding and managing the customer experience. Marketing science ınstitute working paper series, 85(1), 15-121.
  • Deshwal, P., & Bhuyan, P. (2018). Cancer patient service experience and satisfaction. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 11(2), 88-95.
  • English National Health System, (2011, February 22). NHS patient experience framework. Retriewed from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-patient-experience-framework.
  • Gentile, C., Spiller, N., & Noci, G. (2007). How to sustain the customer experience: an overview of experience components that co-create value with the customer. European Management Journal, 25(5), 395-410.
  • Greaves, F., Pape, U. J., King, D., Darzi, A., Majeed, A., Wachter, R. M., & Millett, C. (2012). Associations between internet-based patient ratings and conventional surveys of patient experience in the english nhs: an observational study. BMJ Quality and Safety, 21(7), 600-605.
  • Grewal, D., Levy, M., & Kumar, V. (2009). Customer experience management in retailing: an organizing framework. Journal of Retailing, 85(1), 1-14.
  • Ho, Y.-C., Li, Y.-C., & Su, T.-H. (2006). A discussion of refractive medical behavior from an experiential marketing viewpoint. Journal of Hospital Marketing and Public Relations, 16(1-2), 45-68.
  • Holbrook, M. B., & Hirschman, E. C. (1982). The experiential aspects of consumption: consumer fantasies, feelings, and fun. Journal of Consumer Research, 9(2), 132-140.
  • Hunter-Jones, P., Line, N., Zhang, J. J., Malthouse, E. C., Witell, L., & Hollis, B. (2020). Visioning a hospitality-oriented patient experience (HOPE) framework in health care. Journal of Service Management. doi.10.1108/josm-11-2019-0334.
  • Jenkinson, C., Coulter, A., Bruster, S., Richards, N., & Chandola, T. (2002).Patients’ experiences and satisfaction with health care: results of a questionnaire study of specific aspects of care. Qual Saf Health Care, 11, 335-339.
  • Jenkinson, C., Coulter, A., Reeves, R., Bruster, S., & Richards, N. (2003). Properties of the picker patient experience questionnaire in a randomized controlled trial of long versus short form survey instruments. Journal of Public Health, 25(3)., 197-201.
  • Kabadayı, E. T., & Alan, A. K. (2014). Deneyimsel pazarlama: pazarlamadaki artan önemi (Experiential marketing: growing importance in marketing). İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(2), 203-217.
  • Kashif, M., Samsi, S. Z. M., Awang, Z., & Mohamad, M. (2016). EXQ: measurement of healthcare experience quality in Malaysian settings. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing. 10(1), 48-74.
  • Klaus, P. (2018). Luxury patient experience (LPX): review, conceptualization, and future research directions. The service ındustries journal, 38(1-2), 87-98.
  • Klaus, P., & Maklan, S. (2012). EXQ: a multiple-item scale for assessing service experience. Journal of Service Management, 23(1), 5-33.
  • Küçüksaraç, B., & Sayımer, İ. (2016). Deneyi̇msel pazarlama aracı olarak arttırılmış gerçekli̇k: türki̇ye’deki̇ marka deneyi̇mleri̇nin etki̇leri̇ üzeri̇ne bi̇r araştırma (Augmented reality as an experimential marketing tool: a research about brand experience impacts in Turkey). Istanbul University Faculty of Communication Journal, 51, 73-95.
  • Kumar, P. (2020). The impact of patient recovery flexibility on service experience in public healthcare. Journal of Asia Business Studies. 14(2), 159-179.
  • Kumar, R. S., Dash, S., & Malhotra, N. K. (2018). The impact of marketing activities on service brand equity. European Journal of Marketing. 52(3/4), 596-618.
  • Lee, D. (2019). A model for designing healthcare service based on the patient experience. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 12(3), 180-188.
  • Lemke, F., Clark, M., & Wilson, H. (2011). Customer experience quality: and exploration in business and consumer contexts using repertory grid technique. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 39(6), 846-869.
  • Lemon, K. N., & Verhoef, P. C. (2016). Understanding customer experience throughout the customer journey. Journal of marketing, 80(6), 69-96.
  • Lin, C., Nguyen, C., & Lin, B. (2013). Impact of cultural differences on foreign customers' perceived local services. Journal of Services Marketing. 27(6), 500–510.
  • McColl-Kennedy, J. R., Danaher, T. S., Gallan, A. S., Orsingher, C., Lervik-Olsen, L., & Verma, R. (2017). How do you feel today? Managing patient emotions during health care experiences to enhance well-being. Journal of business research, 79, 247-259.
  • McColl-Kennedy, J. R., Zaki, M., Lemon, K. N., Urmetzer, F., & Neely, A. (2019). Gaining customer experience insights that matter. Journal of service research, 22(1), 8-26. Meyer, C., & Schwager, A. (2007). Customer experience. Harvard Business Review, 85(2), 116-126.
  • Naidu, A. (2009). Factors affecting patient satisfaction and healthcare quality. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 22(4), 366-381.
  • Osei-Frimpong, K., Wilson, A., & Owusu-Frimpong, N. (2015). Service experiences and dyadic value co-creation in healthcare service delivery: a CIT approach. Journal of Service Theory and Practice. 25(4), 443-462.
  • Ozcelik, A. B., & Burnaz, S. (2019). Customer experıence qualıty dımensıons ın health care: perspectıves of ındustry experts. Journal of Management Marketing and Logistics. 6(2), 62-72.
  • Park, G. W., Kim, Y., Park, K., & Agarwal, A. (2016). Patient-centric quality assessment framework for healthcare services. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 113, 468-474.
  • Pine II, B. J., & Gilmore, J. H. (1998,). Welcome to the experience economy. Harvard Business Review, July–August, 97-105.
  • Ponsignon, F., Smart, A., Williams, M., & Hall, J. (2015). Healthcare experience quality: an empirical exploration using content analysis techniques. Journal of Service Management. 26(3), 460-485.
  • Prahalad, C. K., & Ramaswamy, V. (2004). Co‐creation experiences: The next practice in value creation. Journal of interactive marketing, 18(3), 5-14.
  • Schiavone, F., Leone, D., Sorrentino, A., & Scaletti, A. (2020). Re-designing the service experience in the value co-creation process: an exploratory study of a healthcare network. Business Process Management Journal. 26(4), 889-908.
  • Schmitt, B. (1999). Experiential marketing. Journal of Marketing Management, 15(1-3), 53-67.
  • Schouten, J. W., McAlexander, J. H., & Koenig, H. F. (2007). Transcendent customer experience and brand community. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 35(3), 357-368.
  • Shaw, C., & Ivens, J. (2002). The customer experience tsunami in Shaw, C., & Ivens, J. (Ed.), Building Great Customer Experiences (pp.1-14), Switzerland, Springer,. Vargo, S. L., & Lusch, R. F. (2004). Evolving to a new dominant logic for marketing. Journal of marketing, 68(1), 1-17.
  • Verhoef, P. C., Lemon, K. N., Parasuraman, A., Roggeveen, A., Tsiros, M., & Schlesinger, L. A. (2009). Customer experience creation: determinants, dynamics and management strategies. Journal of Retailing, 85(1), 31-41.
  • Weng, R. H., Chen, W. P., Huang, C. Y., Hung, C. H., & Hsu, C. T. (2016). Can nurse innovation improve customer perception of service quality and experience?. Journal Of Clinical Nursing, 25(3-14), 1950-1961.
  • Wolf PhD, C. P. X. P., & Jason, A. (2014). Defining patient experience. Patient Experience Journal, 1(1), 7-19.
  • Wong, E. L., Coulter, A., Hewitson, P., Cheung, A. W., Yam, C. H., Fai Lui, S., & Yeoh, E.-K. (2015). Patient experience and satisfaction with inpatient service: development of short form survey instrument measuring the core aspect of inpatient experience. Plos One, 10 (4), 1-12.
  • Worlu, R., Kehinde, O. J., & Borishade, T. T. (2016). Effective customer experience management in health-care sector of Nigeria. International journal of pharmaceutical and healthcare marketing. 10(4), 449-466.
  • Wu, C.-C. (2011). The Impact of Hospital Brand Image On Service Quality, Patient Satisfaction And Loyalty. African Journal of Business Management, 5(12), 4873-4882.
  • World Health Organization. (2016). Report on the public consultation to inform development of the Framework on integrated people-centred health services (No. WHO/HIS/SDS/2016.4). World Health Organization.
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Sümeyye Arslan Kurtuluş 0000-0003-4782-5061

Emrah Cengiz 0000-0001-6524-7563

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mayıs 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Ocak 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 51 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Arslan Kurtuluş, S., & Cengiz, E. (2022). Customer Experience in Healthcare: Literature Review. Istanbul Business Research, 51(1), 291-312. https://doi.org/10.26650/ibr.2022.51.867283