Gordon Matta-Clark’ın “modası geçmiş” mekâna dair sanatsal taktikleri üzerinden bir kentsel okuma

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 48, 216 - 244, 30.06.2025

Cemile Sanem Ersine Masatlıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.1648021

Öz

Bu makalede dil felsefesine, gündelik yaşam pratiklerine, fotoğrafa, filme ve mimariye dokunarak performanslar üreten, aynı zamanda yere özgü işleriyle tanınan aktivist sanatçı Gordon Matta-Clark’ın üretimleri kentsel mekânda dönüşüm tartışmalarıyla buluşturularak incelenmiştir. Sanatçı, tarihi durağan olmayan ve katmanlı olarak inceleyen Walter Benjamin'in I. Dünya Savaşı sonrası ortaya koyduğu bir sosyo-kültürel-ekonomik okuma olarak “modası geçmiş” kavramından ilham almıştır. Matta-Clark’la yapılmış birebir görüşmeler, mektuplar, çeşitli sanatçı ve eleştirmenlerin O’nun işleri üzerine görüş yazıları ve sanat işlerini bünyesinde bulunduran müzelerin derlediği metinler ile görsel kaynaklarından yararlanılarak genelleyici olmayan bir okuma yapılmıştır. Sanatçının bina kesikleri çalışmaları, yakın geçmişin paradoksal durumlarıyla çarpıcı karşılaşmalar üretmeleri ve günümüzde süregelen yere aidiyet, kent hakkı, mülkiyet ve kentsel dönüşüm meseleleri açısından zamansallık fenomenine dair önemleri detaylandırılmıştır. Matta-Clark’ın bozulma ve yıkılma aralığındaki yeniden üretiminde sosyal, fiziksel ve metaforik bilginin temsili ile sonuçlanan deneyimi ve çağdaş kentsel dönüşüm yaklaşımlarına kısa bir yansıması tartışılarak inceleme tamamlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Matta-Clark , modası geçmiş , kentsel mekân , gösterge , zamansallık.

An urban reading through Gordon Matta-Clark’s artistic tactics of “outmoded” space

Öz

This study examines the work of activist artist Gordon Matta-Clark, known for his site-specific productions and performances that engage with language philosophy, everyday practices, photography, film, and architecture, through the lens of urban spatial transformation. Matta-Clark was influenced by Walter Benjamin’s concept of the “outmoded”—a socio-cultural and economic framework introduced after World War I that views history as non-static and multi-layered. Rather than offering a generalized interpretation, this study draws on a diverse range of primary sources, including personal interviews with the artist, essays by other artists and critics, and texts and visual materials curated by museums that exhibit his work. The analysis elaborates on Matta-Clark’s building cuts, emphasizing their ability to generate striking encounters with the paradoxes of the recent past, and their relevance to temporality in contemporary issues such as spatial belonging, the right to the city, property, and urban transformation. The study concludes by discussing how Matta-Clark’s acts of re-generation, situated between decay and demolition, serve as experiential representations of social, physical, and metaphorical knowledge, offering a reflective perspective on contemporary urban transformation practices.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Matta-Clark , outmoded , urban space , semiotics , temporality.

Kaynakça

• Arendt, H. (1969). Introduction: Walter Benjamin: 1892-1940. Illuminations, 241(2), 1.
• Bachelard, G. (1996). Mekânın poetikası. (A. Derman, Çev.). İstanbul: Kesit Yayıncılık. (Orijinal eserin yayın tarihi 1957).
• Barthes, R. (2011). Camera lucida. (R. Akçakaya, Çev.). İstanbul: Altıkırkbeş Basın Yayın. (Orijinal eserin yayın tarihi 1980).
• Barthes, R. (1973). Mythologies. (A. Lavers, Çev.). London: Paladin Books. (Orijinal eserin yayın tarihi 1957).
• Bear, L. (1974). Splitting: the Humphrey Street Building, Interview with Gordon Matta-Clark. Avalanche, December, s. 36.
• Benjamin, W. (1969). The work of art in the age of mechanical reproduction. H. Arendt (Der.), Illuminations: Essays and reflections içinde (ss. 217-252). New York.
• Benjamin, W. (1978). Surrealism: the last snapshot of the European intelligentsia. New Left Review, (108), 47.
• Benjamin, W. (1996). Selected writings (Vol. 2). Harvard University Press.
• Boyer, M. C. (1994). The city of collective memory: its historical imagery and architectural entertainments. Mit Press.
• Breitwieser, S. (1995). Gordon Matta-Clark, Tree Dance, 1971. https://foundation.generali.at/en/collection/artworks/gf0000200000-1995-baumtanz adresinden erişildi.
• CCA (Canadian Centre for Architecture). (2019, Ağustos 27). Out of the box: rough cuts and outtakes. e-flux. https://www.e-flux.com/announcements/281137/out-of-the-box-rough-cuts-and-outtakes adresinden erişildi.
• Clintberg, M. (2011). The story of FOOD. Canadian Centre for Architecture (CCA).
• Deleuze. G. ve Parnet, C. (1987). Dialogues, (H. Tomlinson ve B. Habberjam, Çev.). New York: Columbia University Press. (Orijinal eserin yayın tarihi 1977).
• Ellin, N. (1999). Postmodern urbanism. Princeton Architectural Press.
• Featherstone, M. (2005). Postmodernizm ve tüketim kültürü, (M. Küçük, Çev.). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları. (Orijinal eserin yayın tarihi 1991).
• Fer, B. (2016). The beginning of trees and the end. Gordon Matta-Clark: The beginning of trees and the end. Gordon Matta-Clark içinde (ss. 10-18).
• Foucault, M. (1980). Power/knowledge: Selected interviews and other writings, 1972-1977. Pantheon.
• Foucault, M. ve Miskowiec, J. (1986). Of other spaces. diacritics, 16(1), 22-27.
• Griffin, C. (2012, Temmuz). Line describing a cone. 23.03.2024 tarihinde https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/mccall-line-describing-a-cone-t12031 adresinden erişildi.
• Guggenheim (a). Gordon Matta-Clark -Reality Properties: Fake Estates, Little Alley Block 2497, Lot 42. 06.06.2024 tarihinde https://www.guggenheim.org/artwork/5210 adresinden erişildi.
• Guggenheim (b). Gordon Matta-Clark -Conical Intersect. 12.03.2024 tarihinde https://www.guggenheim.org/artwork/5211 adresinden erişildi.
• Hoberman, M. (2017, Ocak 17). Gordon Matta-Clark. e-flux. 20.03.2024 tarihinde https://www.e-flux.com/criticism/239672/gordon-matta-clark adresinden erişildi.
• Hurtt, S. (1983). Conjectures on urban form/studio projects. The Cornell Journal of Architecture (2), 54-141.
• Jager, N. (Der.). (1979). Earth Art. New York: The A.D. White Museum of Art, Cornell University.
• Kittsteiner, H. D., Monroe, J. ve Wohlfarth, I. (1986). Walter Benjamin's historicism. New German Critique, (39), 179-215.
• Latour, B. (1993). We have never been modern. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
• Lee, P. M. (1996). Object to be destroyed: the work of Gordon Matta-Clark. Harvard University.
• Lefebvre, H. (2022). Şehir hakkı II -Mekan ve siyaset. (M. Yetkin, Çev.). İstanbul: SEL Yayıncılık. (Orijinal eserin yayın tarihi 1968).
• MacFarlane, D. (2010). Photography at the threshold: Atget, Benjamin and surrealism. History of Photography, 34(1), 17-28.
• Makeham, P. (2005). Performing the City. Theatre Research International, 30(2), 150–160. doi:10.1017/S030788330500115X
• Matta-Clark, G. (2006). Gordon Matta-Clark’s Building Dissections, An Interview by Donald Wall. G. Moure (Der.), Gordon Matta-Clark, works and collected writings içinde (ss.370-375). Barcelona: Ediciones Poligrafa.
• Merriam, S. (Der.). (1988). Case study research in education: A qualitative approach. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. MHKA. Performances & interventions by Gordon Matta-Clark. 21.03.2024 tarihinde https://ensembles.org/ensembles/performances-interventions-by-gordon-matta-clark adresinden erişildi.
• Moure, G. (Der.). (2006). Gordon Matta-Clark, Works and collected writings. Barcelona: Ediciones Poligrafa.
• Nechvatal, J. (2018, Eylül 4). 40 years after his death, Gordon Matta-Clark takes on new relevance. Hyperallergic. 10.02.2024 tarihinde https://hyperallergic.com/458566/40-years-after-his-death-gordon-matta-clark-takes-on-new-relevance adresinden erişildi.
• Nonas, R. (1992). Letter to the IVAM. C. Diserens (Der.), Gordon Matta-Clark içinde (s.374). Valencia: IVAM Centro Julio González.
• Obrist, H. U. (2003, Nisan 1). Resistor: Surrealist Roberto Matta interviewed before his death. Tate Research Publication. 10.10.2023 tarihinde https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/matta-1594/resistor adresinden erişildi.
• Schrank, S. (2009). Art and the city: Civic imagination and cultural authority in Los Angeles. University of Pennsylvania Press.
• Susik, A. (2009). The vertigo of the modern: Surrealism and the outmoded. Columbia University.
• Susik, A. (2011). The man of these infinite possibilities: Max Ernst’s cinematic collages. Contemporaneity: Historical Presence in Visual Culture, 1, 61-87. https://doi.org/10.5195/contemp.2011.27
• Walker, S. (2011). Gordon Matta-Clark. Whitney Museum of American Art, (a). Gordon Matta-Clark, Splitting. 6.10.2024 tarihinde https://whitney.org/collection/works/12740 adresinden erişildi.
• Whitney Museum of American Art, (b). About the art and artists: Hammons and Matta Clark. 4.03.2024 tarihinde https://whitney.org/education/for-teachers/teacher-guides/hammons-days-end/about adresinden erişildi.
• Wigley, M. (2009). Anarchitectures: The forensics of explanation. Log, No.15, 121-136.
• Online kaynaklar URL 1: https://christojeanneclaude.net/artworks/wrapped-roman-wall
• URL 2: https://www.guggenheim.org/artwork/5210
• URL 3: https://flash---art.com/article/anarchitecture-as-poetic-device
• URL 4: https://whitney.org/collection/works/43352
• URL 5: https://whitney.org/collection/works/43364
• URL 6: https://whitney.org/collection/works/43344
• URL 7: https://whitney.org/collection/works/43345
• URL 8: https://whitney.org/collection/works/43322
• URL 9: https://whitney.org/collection/works/43330
• URL 10: https://whitney.org/collection/works/43325
• URL 11: https://whitney.org/collection/works/43339
• URL 12: https://whitney.org/collection/works/8084