<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>iduhes</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Izmir Democracy University Health Sciences Journal</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2651-4575</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>İzmir Demokrasi Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52538/iduhes.1108666</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Nursing</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Hemşirelik</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Covid-19 Salgını Sırasında Hastaneye Yatan Çocukların Ebeveynlerinin Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük, Kaygı ve Yaşam Kalitesi Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Evaluation of the Relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty, Anxiety, and Quality of Life of Parents of Hospitalized Children During the Covid-19 Outbreak</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9110-8612</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Tanrıkulu</surname>
                                    <given-names>Gözdenur</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>LOKMAN HEKİM ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0795-6174</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Ceylan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Burcu</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20230930">
                    <day>09</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2023</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>6</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>202</fpage>
                                        <lpage>214</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20220425">
                        <day>04</day>
                        <month>25</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20230409">
                        <day>04</day>
                        <month>09</month>
                        <year>2023</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2018, Izmir Democracy University Health Sciences Journal</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Izmir Democracy University Health Sciences Journal</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Küresel salgın olan Covid-19 ; tıbbi, psikolojik, sosyal yönden olumsuz etkileri olmuştur. Çocukların herhangi bir nedenle hastaneye yatışları ebeveynler üzerinde olumsuz ve derin etkileri bulunmaktadır. Hastalığın akut veya kronik olması, seyri, hastanede kalım süresi, hayatı tehdit edici olması çocuğun ve ebeveynin hastaneye yatmaya tepkisini etkileyebilmektedir. Covid-19 salgınına bağlı vaka, ölüm sayılarının artışı ve hastaneye yatış ebeveynlerde ayrıca olumsuz psikolojik etkiler yaratmaktadır.  Bu çalışma, Covid-19 salgını sırasında hastaneye yatan çocukların ebeveynlerinin belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük, kaygı ve yaşam kalitesinin belirlenmesi amacı ile 147 ebeveyn ile tanımlayıcı tipte yapılmıştır. Çalışmada Bilgi Formu, Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük Ölçeği (BTÖ-12), Spielberger Durumluk ve Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (STAI), Sağlıkla İlgili Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi (SF-36) kullanılmıştır. Veriler sayı ve yüzde olarak özetlenmiş, ölçek puan ortalamalarının bağımsız değişkenler ile karşılaştırılmasında Indipendent T testi ve One Way Anova testlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Ebeveynlerin BTÖ-12 ölçek puan ortalaması 40.88±5.63, durumluluk kaygı ölçeği puan ortalaması 50.67±7.01, süreklilik kaygı ölçeği puan ortalaması ise 52.55±5.72’dir. Yaş ile DKÖ,SKÖ ve SF-36 yaşam kalitesi ölçeği ağrı alt boyutu arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Kaygı algısını 7-9 arasında puanlayanlar ebeveynlerin DKÖ, SKÖ ve SF-36 yaşam kalitesi ölçeği fiziksel fonksiyon alt boyut puan ortalamaları yüksek olduğunu bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak Covid-19 salgını devam etmekte olup belirsizlik sürmektedir. Bu da ebeveynlerin yaşam kalitesini ve kaygı durumlarını etkilemektedir.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>The global epidemic Covid-19 ; It has had negative medical, psychological and social effects. Hospitalization of children for any reason has negative and profound effects on parents. Whether the disease is acute or chronic, its course, length of hospital stay, and life-threatening may affect the child&#039;s and parent&#039;s response to hospitalization. The increase in the number of cases, deaths and hospitalizations due to the Covid-19 epidemic also create negative psychological effects on parents. This descriptive study was conducted with 147 parents to determine the intolerance of uncertainty, anxiety and quality of life of parents of children hospitalized during the Covid-19 epidemic. Information Form, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (BST-12), Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-36) were used in the study. The data were summarized as numbers and percentages, and the Indipendent T test and One Way Anova tests were used to compare the scale mean scores with the independent variables. The parents&#039; BTS-12 scale score average was 40.88±5.63, the state anxiety scale mean score was 50.67±7.01, and the trait anxiety scale mean score was 52.55±5.72. A significant relationship was found between age and the pain sub-dimension of DQS, SKQ and SF-36 quality of life scale. Those who scored the perception of anxiety between 7 and 9 had higher physical function sub-dimension mean scores of the parents&#039; DQS, SKO and SF-36 quality of life scales. As a result, the Covid-19 epidemic continues and uncertainty continues. This affects the quality of life and anxiety of parents.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Belirsizlik</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Covid-19</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  çocuk</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  ebeveyn</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  kaygı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  yaşam kalitesi</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Uncertainty</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Covid-19</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  child</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  parent</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  anxiety</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  quality of life</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Global research on coronavirus disease (Covid-19). https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/global-research-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov Erişim Tarihi: 18.07.2020.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Madbahavi, I., Sarka, RM., &amp; Kadakol, N. (2020). Covid-19 a Review, Monaldi Arch Chest Dis, 14, 90(2), 248-258.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Harapan, H., Itoh, N., Yufika, A., &amp; Winarda, W. (2020). Coronovirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): A literatüre Review. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 13(5), 667-673.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Freeman, MP. (2020). Covid-19 From a Psychiatry Perspective: Meeting the Challenges. J Clin Psychiatry, 31,81(2), 20ed13358.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Torales, J., O’Higgins, M., Castaldellimaia, JM., &amp; Ventriglio, A. (2020). The outbreak of Covid-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health.  Int J Soc Psychiatry, 66(4), 317-320.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yahya, AS., Khawaja, S., &amp; Chukwuna, J. (2020). The Impact of Covid-19 in Psychiatry. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord, 16, 22(2),20l02627.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Liu, X., &amp; Wu, X. (2021). Psychological characteristics of parents in a Paediatric Outpatient during the SARS-CoV-2 Epidemic. Psychology, Health &amp; Medicine, 26 (1), 114-118.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ferreira, DCS., Oliveira, WL., Delabrida, ZNC., Faro, A., &amp; Cerqueira-Santos, E. (2020). Intolerance of uncertainty and mental health in Brazil during the Covid-19 pandemic. Suma Psicológica 27(1), 62-69.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Erçetin, ŞŞ., Potas, N., Açıkalın, ŞN., Sarnıç Ulaşlı, S., Çevik, MS., Görgülü, D. (2020). Covid-19 Pandemı̇sı̇’nı̇n Yaşam Kalı̇tesı̇ne Etkı̇sı̇: 30 Mart -5 Nı̇san 2020 (İstanbul, Ankara, Konya İlleri Örneği). Uluslararası Bilim Derneği Raporu 2020,1-40.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wilson, EM., Megel, EM., Enenbach, L., &amp; Carlson, LK. (2010). The Voices of Children: Stories About Hospitalization. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 24(2), 95-102.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fisher, JM., &amp; Broome, EM. (2011). Parent-Provider Communication During Hospitalization. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 26, 58-69.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Günay, O., Sevinç, N., &amp; Aslantaş, EE. (2017). Hastanede Yatan Çocukların Annelerinde Durumluluk ve Sürekli Anksiyete Düzeyi ve İlişkili Faktörler.Turk J Public Health, 15(3),176-186.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Children and Covid-19 State Data Report A joint report from the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Children’s Hospital Association Summary of publicly reported data from 49 states, NYC, DC, PR, and GU, Version: 1/7/21.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çelebi, A., Aytekin, A., Küçükoğlu, S., &amp; Çelebioğlu, A. (2015). Hastanede Yatan Çocuk ve Oyun. İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hast. Dergisi, 5(3),156-160.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Balasubramanıan, S., Rao, NM., Goenka, A., Roderick, M. Et all. (2020). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) in Children - What We Know So Far and What We Do Not.Indıan Pedıatrıcs, 57, 435-442.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Brown, SM., Doom, JR., Lechuga-Peña, S., Watamura, SE., &amp; Koppels, T. (2020). Stress and parenting during the global Covid-19 pandemic. Child Abuse Negl, Dec;110(Pt 2):1-14.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Özdamar K. (2013). Araştırmalar. Spss ile İstatistik.9.Baskı. Nisan Kitapevi. Sy:83-95.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Taşcıoğlu, G., Beyazıt, U., Ayhan, AB., (2017). Hastanede Tedavi Gören Çocukların Ebeveynlerinde Bakım Verme Yükünün İncelenmesi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1), 10-19.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Özdamar K. (2013). Araştırmalar. Spss ile İstatistik.9.Baskı. Nisan Kitapevi. Sy:244-255.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sarıçam, H., Erguvan, FM., Akın, A., &amp; Akça, MŞ. (2014). Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük Ölçeği (BTÖ-12) Türkçe Formu: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Route Educational and Social Science Journal, 1(3), 148-157.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Öner, N., &amp; Le Compte, A. (1983). Süreksiz durumluk /sürekli kaygı envanteri el kitabı. 1. Baskı. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayını, 1-26.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Koçyiğit, H., Aydemir, Ö., Fişek G., Ölmez, N., &amp; Memiş A. (1999). Kısa Form-36 (KF-36)’nın Türkçe versiyonunun güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği. İlaç ve tedavi dergisi, 12(2),102-106.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Öztürk, Y., Özyurt, G., Görmez, V., Aslankaya, ZD., Baykara, HB., Ekinci, Ö., &amp; Akay, AP. (2021). Covid-19 Salgının Çocukların Yeme Düzeni ve Ebeveynlerin Kaygı Düzeyi Üzerindeki Etkileri: Çok Merkezli Bir Çalışma. Turk J Child Adolesc Ment Health, 28(1), 14-18.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tull, MT., Barbano, AC., Scamaldo, KM., Richmond, JM., Edmonds, KA., Rose, JP., &amp; Gratz, KL. (2020). The prospective influence of Covid-19 affective risk assessments and intolerance of uncertainty on later dimensions of health anxiety. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 75,102290, 1-8.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sauer, KS., Jungmann, SM., &amp; Witthöft, M. (2020). Emotional and Behavioral Consequences of the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Role of Health Anxiety, Intolerance of Uncertainty, and Distress (In)Tolerance. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17, 7241 1-18.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rettie, H., &amp; Daniels, J. (2020). Coping and Tolerance of Uncertainty: Predictors and Mediators of Mental Health During the Covid-19 Pandemic. American Psychologist. Advance online publication, 76(3),427-437.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kasapoğlu, F. (2020). Covid-19 salgını sürecinde kaygı ile maneviyat, psikolojik sağlamlık ve belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 599-614.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ferreira, LN., Pereira, LN., da Fé Brás, M., &amp; Ilchuk, K. (2021). Quality of life under the Covid-19 quarantine. Qual Life Res, 30(5),1389-1405.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çölgeçen, Y., &amp; Çölgeçen, H. (2020). Covid-19 pandemisine bağlı yaşanan kaygı düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye örneği. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 261-275.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Göksu, Ö., &amp; Kumcağız, H. (2020). Covid-19 salgınında bireylerde algılanan stres düzeyi ve kaygı düzeyleri. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 463-479.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Memiş Doğan, M., &amp; Düzel, B. (2020). Covid-19 özelinde korku-kaygı düzeyleri. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 739-752.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cullen, W., Gulati, G., &amp; Kelly, B.D. (2020). Mental health in the Covid-19 pandemic. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 113(5), 311-312.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Qiu, J., Shen, B., Zhao, M., Wang, Z., Xie, B., &amp; Xu, Y. (2020). A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the Covid-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations. General Psychiatry, 33(2),1-3.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Panda, PK., Gupta, J., Chowdhury, SR., Kumar, R., Meena, AK., Madaan, P., Sharawat, IK., Gulati, S. (2021). Psychological and Behavioral Impact of Lockdown and Quarantine Measures for Covid-19 Pandemic on Children, Adolescents and Caregivers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Trop Pediatr, 29, 67(1), 1-13.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Avşaroğlu, S. (2012). Zihinsel yetersizliğe sahip çocuğu olan anne-babaların kaygı düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi. 9,1, 533-547.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Arden, MA., &amp; Chilcot, J. (2020). Health psychology and the coronavirus (Covid-19 ) global pandemic: A call for research. British Journal of Health Psychology, 1-2.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Uzark, K., Jones, K., Slusher, J., Limbers, CA., Burwinkle, TM., &amp; Varni, JW. (2008). Quality of Life in Children With Heart Disease as Perceived by Children and Parents. Pediatrics, 121 (5), 1060–1067.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Vasilopoulou, E., &amp; Nisbet, J. (2016). The quality of life of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 23,36-49.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ali, U., Bharuchi, V., Ali, NG., &amp; Jafri, SK. (2021). Assessing the Quality of Life of Parents of Children With Disabilities Using WHOQoL BREF During Covid-19 Pandemic. Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences, 24,1-9.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Turan, M., &amp; Yayan, E. (2021). Metabolik Sorunu Olan Çocuğun Ebeveynlerinin Bakım Yükünün Algılanan Sosyal Destek ve Yaşam Kalitelerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi Acıbadem Univ. Sağlık Bilim. Derg., 12(2),445-451.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çelik, Ş., &amp; Çak, E. (2021). Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinin Aile Üzerine Etkisi. Gevher Nesibe Tıp ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(11), 43-49.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hakan, A. V. A. N., &amp; Güngör, S. (2021) Covid -19 Pandemisinin Geç Adölesanların Duygu Durumlarına ve Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(3), 168-179.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
